Endocrine Disruption
TEDX List of Potential Endocrine Disruptors
4-chloro-3-methylphenol
CAS # 59-50-7
Alternative Names
4-chloro-3-cresol
4-chloro-m-cresol (4-CmC)
chlorocresol (not to be confused with 2-chloromethylphenol, CAS # 1321-10-4, which is also known as chlorocresol)
Categories*
Antimicrobial
Pesticide ingredient
Evidence Supporting This Chemical as an Endocrine Disruptor
Ghisari M, Bonefeld-Jorgensen EC. 2009. Effects of plasticizers and their mixtures on estrogen receptor and thyroid hormone functions. Toxicol Lett 189(1):67-77.
Graves TK, Hinkle PM. 2003. Ca(2+)-induced Ca(2+) release in the pancreatic beta-cell: direct evidence of endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) release. Endocrinology 144(8):3565-3574.
Hauser CJ, Kannan KB, Deitch EA, Itagaki K. 2005. Non-specific effects of 4-chloro-m-cresol may cause calcium flux and respiratory burst in human neutrophils. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 336(4):1087-1095.
Klegeris A, Choi HB, McLarnon JG, McGeer PL. 2007. Functional ryanodine receptors are expressed by human microglia and THP-1 cells: Their possible involvement in modulation of neurotoxicity. J Neurosci Res 85(10):2207-2215.
Korner W, Hanf V, Schuller W, Bartsch H, Zwirner M, Hagenmaier H. 1998. Validation and application of a rapid in vitro assay for assessing the estrogenic potency of halogenated phenolic chemicals. Chemosphere 37(9-12):2395-2407.
Nakama A, Funasaka K, Shimizu M. 2007. Evaluation of estrogenic activity of organic biocides using ER-binding and YES assay. Food Chem Toxicol 45(9):1558-1564.
*Category References
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map.
Westerblad H, Andrade FH, Islam MS. 1998. Effects of ryanodine receptor agonist 4-chloro-m-cresol on myoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration and force of contraction in mouse skeletal muscle. Cell Calcium 24(2):105-115.