1482 matches found. Open all details
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lampen A, Zimnik S, Nau H. 2003. Teratogenic phthalate esters and metabolites activate the nuclear receptors PPARs and induce differentiation of F9 cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 188(1):14-23. DOI: 10.1016/S0041-008X(03)00014-0.
USE REFERENCES
Corton JC, Lapinskas PJ. 2005. Table 3 In: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: Mediators of phthalate ester-induced effects in the male reproductive tract? Toxicol Sci 83(1):4-17. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfi011
Lampen A, Zimnik S, Nau H. 2003. Teratogenic phthalate esters and metabolites activate the nuclear receptors PPARs and induce differentiation of F9 cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 188(1):14-23. DOI: 10.1016/S0041-008X(03)00014-0
DATE ADDED: July 15, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: NP1EC, 4-nonylphenoxyacetic acid, 2- ( 4-nonylphenoxy ) acetic acid, 4-nonylphenoxycarboxylic acid, 4-nonylphenol carboxylic acid, ( p-nonylphenoxy ) acetic acid
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Jobling S, Sheahan D, Osborne JA, Matthiessen P, Sumpter JP. 1996. Inhibition of testicular growth in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to estrogenic alkylphenolic chemicals. Environ Toxicol Chem 15(2):194-202. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620150218.
Jobling S, Sumpter JP. 1993. Detergent components in sewage effluent are weakly oestrogenic to fish: An in vitro study using rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hepatocytes. Aquatic Toxicology 27(3-4):361-372. DOI: 10.1016/0166-445X(93)90064-8.
White R, Jobling S, Hoare SA, Sumpter JP, Parker MG. 1994. Environmentally persistent alkylphenolic compounds are estrogenic. Endocrinology 135(1):175-182. DOI: 10.1210/endo.135.1.8013351.
USE REFERENCES
Dow Chemical Co. 2010 Oct 11. Nonylphenol Ethoxylate Surfactants. Link
White R, Jobling S, Hoare SA, Sumpter JP, Parker MG. 1994. Environmentally persistent alkylphenolic compounds are estrogenic. Endocrinology 135(1):175-182. DOI: 10.1210/endo.135.1.8013351
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: July 11, 2016
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: E-2-butenal, crotonaldehyde
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Grundfest CC, Chang J, Newcombe D. 1982. Acrolein: a potent modulator of lung macrophage arachidonic acid metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta 713(1):149-159. DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(82)90177-1.
Jha AM, Kumar M. 2006. In vivo evaluation of induction of abnormal sperm morphology in mice by an unsaturated aldehyde crotonaldehyde. Mutat Res 603(2):159-163. DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2005.11.010.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Waxman HA, Markey EJ, and DeGette D. 2011. Chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. United States House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce Minority Staff. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87(3):1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311.
USE REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 87(3): 1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1-hATQ
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N, Hashimoto S. 2005. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environ Toxicol Chem 24(8):1984-1993. DOI: 10.1897/04-310R.1.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1-OH-B[a]P
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Hydroxylated benzo[a]pyrene metabolites are responsible for in vitro estrogen receptor-mediated gene expression induced by benzo[a]pyrene, but do not elicit uterotrophic effects in vivo. Toxicol Sci 59(2):231-240. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/59.2.231.
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A, Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1):41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010.
USE REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Matthews JB and Zacharewski TR. 2001. Hydroxylated benzo[a]pyrene metabolites are responsible for in vitro estrogen receptor-mediated gene expression induced by benzo[a]pyrene, but do not elicit uterotrophic effects in vivo. Toxicol Sci 59(2): 231-240. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/59.2.231
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A and Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1): 41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2007. Toxicological Profile for Heptachlor and Heptachlor Epoxide. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1-OHCHN
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A, Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1):41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010.
USE REFERENCES
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A and Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1): 41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Jin L, Tran DQ, Ide CF, McLachlan JA, Arnold SF. 1997. Several synthetic chemicals inhibit progesterone receptor-mediated transactivation in yeast. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 233(1):139-146. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6417.
USE REFERENCES
Jongeneelen FJ. 2001. Benchmark guideline for urinary 1-hydroxypyrene as biomarker of occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Ann Occup Hyg 45(1):3-13. DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4878(00)00009-0
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PFHxI
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Wang C, Wang T, Liu W, Ruan T, Zhou Q, Liu J, Zhang A, Zhao B, Jiang G. 2012. The in vitro estrogenic activities of polyfluorinated iodine alkanes. Environ Health Perspect 120(1):119-125. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1103773.
USE REFERENCES
Wang C, Wang T, Liu W, Ruan T, Zhou Q, Liu J, Zhang A, Zhao B and Jiang G. 2012. The in vitro estrogenic activities of polyfluorinated iodine alkanes. Environ Health Perspect 120(1):119-125. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1103773
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PFOI
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Wang C, Wang T, Liu W, Ruan T, Zhou Q, Liu J, Zhang A, Zhao B, Jiang G. 2012. The in vitro estrogenic activities of polyfluorinated iodine alkanes. Environ Health Perspect 120(1):119-125. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1103773.
USE REFERENCES
Wang C, Wang T, Liu W, Ruan T, Zhou Q, Liu J, Zhang A, Zhao B and Jiang G. 2012. The in vitro estrogenic activities of polyfluorinated iodine alkanes. Environ Health Perspect 120(1):119-125. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1103773
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: propylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, 1-methoxy-2-hydroxypropane, 2-methoxy-1-methylethanol, methyl proxitol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Carney EW, Crissman JW, Liberacki AB, Clements CM, Breslin WJ. 1999. Assessment of adult and neonatal reproductive parameters in Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to propylene glycol monomethyl ether vapors for two generations. Toxicol Sci 50(2):249-258. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/50.2.249.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Waxman HA, Markey EJ, and DeGette D. 2011. Chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. United States House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce Minority Staff. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Zielinska B, Campbell D, Samburova V. 2014. Impact of emissions from natural gas production facilities on ambient air quality in the Barnett Shale area: a pilot study. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 64(12):1369-1383. DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2014.954735
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCN-1, 1-MoCN
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Behnisch PA, Hosoe K, Sakai S. 2003. Brominated dioxin-like compounds: In vitro assessment in comparison to classical dioxin-like compounds and other polyaromatic compounds. Environment International 29(6):861-877. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00105-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bidleman T F, Helm PA, Braune BM and Gabrielsen GW. 2010. Polychlorinated naphthalenes in polar environments--a review. Sci Total Environ 408(15):2919-2935. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.013
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: naphthol-1
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metabolite/Degradate, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Casale GP, Vennerstrom JL, Bavari S, Wang T. 1993. Inhibition of interleukin 2 driven proliferation of mouse CTLL2 cells, by selected carbamate and organophosphate insecticides and congeners of carbaryl. Immunopharmacology & Immunotoxicology 15(2 & 3):199-215. DOI: 10.3109/08923979309025994.
Mueller GC, Kim UH. 1978. Displacement of estradiol from estrogen receptors by simple alkyl phenols. Endocrinology 102(5):1429-1435. DOI: 10.1210/endo-102-5-1429.
USE REFERENCES
Meeker JD, Barr DB, Serdar B, Rappaport SM, Hauser R. 2007. Utility of urinary 1-naphthol and 2-naphthol levels to assess environmental carbaryl and naphthalene exposure in an epidemiology study. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 17(4):314-320. DOI: 10.1038/sj.jes.7500502
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 23, 2013
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Casale GP, Vennerstrom JL, Bavari S, Wang T. 1993. Inhibition of interleukin 2 driven proliferation of mouse CTLL2 cells, by selected carbamate and organophosphate insecticides and congeners of carbaryl. Immunopharmacology & Immunotoxicology 15(2 & 3):199-215. DOI: 10.3109/08923979309025994.
USE REFERENCES
Casale GP, Vennerstrom JL, Bavari S, Wang T. 1993. Inhibition of interleukin 2 driven proliferation of mouse CTLL2 cells, by selected carbamate and organophosphate insecticides and congeners of carbaryl. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 15(2 & 3):199-215. DOI: 10.3109/08923979309025994
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Casale GP, Vennerstrom JL, Bavari S, Wang T. 1993. Inhibition of interleukin 2 driven proliferation of mouse CTLL2 cells, by selected carbamate and organophosphate insecticides and congeners of carbaryl. Immunopharmacology & Immunotoxicology 15(2 & 3):199-215. DOI: 10.3109/08923979309025994.
USE REFERENCES
Casale GP, Vennerstrom JL, Bavari S, Wang T. 1993. Inhibition of interleukin 2 driven proliferation of mouse CTLL2 cells, by selected carbamate and organophosphate insecticides and congeners of carbaryl. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 15(2 & 3):199-215. DOI: 10.3109/08923979309025994
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: N , N-dimethylcarbamic acid 1-naphthalenyl ester
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Casale GP, Vennerstrom JL, Bavari S, Wang T. 1993. Inhibition of interleukin 2 driven proliferation of mouse CTLL2 cells, by selected carbamate and organophosphate insecticides and congeners of carbaryl. Immunopharmacology & Immunotoxicology 15(2 & 3):199-215. DOI: 10.3109/08923979309025994.
USE REFERENCES
Casale GP, Vennerstrom JL, Bavari S, Wang T. 1993. Inhibition of interleukin 2 driven proliferation of mouse CTLL2 cells, by selected carbamate and organophosphate insecticides and congeners of carbaryl. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 15(2 & 3):199-215. DOI: 10.3109/08923979309025994
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Perez P, Pulgar R, Olea-Serrano F, Villalobos M, Rivas A, Metzler M, Pedraza V, Olea N. 1998. The estrogenicity of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes with various substituents at the central carbon and the hydroxy groups. Environ Health Perspect 106(3):167-174. DOI: 10.2307/3434318 .
USE REFERENCES
Perez P, Pulgar R, Olea-Serrano F, Villalobos M, Rivas A, Metzler M, Pedraza V, Olea N. 1998. The estrogenicity of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes with various substituents at the central carbon and the hydroxy groups. Environ Health Perspect 106(3):167-174. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.98106167
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 19, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2-epoxybutane
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
National Toxicology Program. NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of 1, 2-Epoxybutane (CAS No. 106-88-7) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Inhalation Studies). National Toxicology Program technical report series. 1988 Mar;329:1. Link.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. 2017. Inert Ingredients Overview and Guidance. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: July 13, 2017 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: o-dichlorobenzene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
den Besten C, Vet JJRM, Besselink HT, Kiel GS, Beems R, van Bladeren PJV. 1991. The liver, kidney, and thyroid toxicity of chlorinated benzenes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 111(1):69-81. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(91)90135-2.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2-OHCHN
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A, Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1):41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010.
USE REFERENCES
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A and Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1): 41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: allyl trichloride, glycerol trichlorohydrin, glyceryl trichlorohydrin, trichlorohydrin
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Johannsen, F.R., Levinskas, G.J., Rusch, G.M., Terrill, J.B. and Schroeder, R.E., 1988. Evaluation of the subchronic and reproductive effects of a series of chlorinated propanes in the rat. I. Toxicity of 1, 2, 3‐trichloropropane. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A Current Issues, 25(3), pp.299-315. DOI: 10.1080/15287398809531211.
National Toxicology Program, 1993. NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis of 1, 2, 3-Trichloropropane (CAS No. 96-18-4) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies). National Toxicology Program technical report series, 384, p.1. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Groh, K.J., Backhaus, T., Carney-Almroth, B., Geueke, B., Inostroza, P.A., Lennquist, A., Maffini, M., Leslie, H.A., Slunge, D., Trasande, L. and Warhurst, M., 2018. Chemicals associated with plastic packaging: Inventory and hazards. PeerJ Preprints, 6, p.e27036v1. DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.27036v1
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: September 26, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAME: pyrogallol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lindsay RH, Hill JB, Gaitan E, Cooksey RC, Jolley RL. 1992. Antithyroid effects of coal-derived pollutants. J Toxicol Environ Health 37(4):467-481. DOI: 10.1080/15287399209531686.
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4-TCDD
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Farrell K, Keys B, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Safe L, Safe S. 1986. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: Quantitative in vitro and in vivo structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 41(1):21-31. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90101-0.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Farrell K, Keys B, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Safe L and Safe S. 1986. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: Quantitative in vitro and in vivo structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 41(1): 21-31. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90101-0
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCN-73, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7-HpCN
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Behnisch PA, Hosoe K, Sakai S. 2003. Brominated dioxin-like compounds: In vitro assessment in comparison to classical dioxin-like compounds and other polyaromatic compounds. Environment International 29(6):861-877. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00105-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bidleman T F, Helm PA, Braune BM and Gabrielsen GW. 2010. Polychlorinated naphthalenes in polar environments--a review. Sci Total Environ 408(15):2919-2935. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.013
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCN-75, OCN
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Behnisch PA, Hosoe K, Sakai S. 2003. Brominated dioxin-like compounds: In vitro assessment in comparison to classical dioxin-like compounds and other polyaromatic compounds. Environment International 29(6):861-877. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00105-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bidleman T F, Helm PA, Braune BM and Gabrielsen GW. 2010. Polychlorinated naphthalenes in polar environments--a review. Sci Total Environ 408(15):2919-2935. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.013
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCN-50, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6-PeCN
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Behnisch PA, Hosoe K, Sakai S. 2003. Brominated dioxin-like compounds: In vitro assessment in comparison to classical dioxin-like compounds and other polyaromatic compounds. Environment International 29(6):861-877. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00105-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bidleman T F, Helm PA, Braune BM and Gabrielsen GW. 2010. Polychlorinated naphthalenes in polar environments--a review. Sci Total Environ 408(15):2919-2935. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.013
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Omura M, Masuda Y, Hirata M, Tanaka A, Makita Y, Ogata R, Inoue N. 2000. Onset of spermatogenesis is accelerated by gestational administration of 1,2,3,4,6,7-hexachlorinated naphthalene in male rat offspring. Environ Health Perspect 108(6):539-544. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.00108539.
USE REFERENCES
Omura M, Masuda Y, Hirata M, Tanaka A, Makita Y, Ogata R, Inoue N. 2000. Onset of spermatogenesis is accelerated by gestational administration of 1,2,3,4,6,7-hexachlorinated naphthalene in male rat offspring. Environ Health Perspect 108(6):539-544. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.00108539
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7-pentaCDD
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Farrell K, Keys B, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Safe L, Safe S. 1986. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: Quantitative in vitro and in vivo structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 41(1):21-31. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90101-0.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Farrell K, Keys B, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Safe L and Safe S. 1986. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: Quantitative in vitro and in vivo structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 41(1): 21-31. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90101-0
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-HxBDD
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217.
USE REFERENCES
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-HxBDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217.
USE REFERENCES
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-HxCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-hexaCDD
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Farrell K, Keys B, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Safe L, Safe S. 1986. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: Quantitative in vitro and in vivo structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 41(1):21-31. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90101-0.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Farrell K, Keys B, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Safe L and Safe S. 1986. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: Quantitative in vitro and in vivo structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 41(1): 21-31. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90101-0
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 8-PeCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCN-67, 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 6 , 7-HxCN
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Behnisch PA, Hosoe K, Sakai S. 2003. Brominated dioxin-like compounds: In vitro assessment in comparison to classical dioxin-like compounds and other polyaromatic compounds. Environment International 29(6):861-877. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00105-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bidleman T F, Helm PA, Braune BM and Gabrielsen GW. 2010. Polychlorinated naphthalenes in polar environments--a review. Sci Total Environ 408(15):2919-2935. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.013
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCN-68, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 8-HxCN
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Behnisch PA, Hosoe K, Sakai S. 2003. Brominated dioxin-like compounds: In vitro assessment in comparison to classical dioxin-like compounds and other polyaromatic compounds. Environment International 29(6):861-877. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00105-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bidleman T F, Helm PA, Braune BM and Gabrielsen GW. 2010. Polychlorinated naphthalenes in polar environments--a review. Sci Total Environ 408(15):2919-2935. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.013
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCN-69, 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 8-HxCN
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Behnisch PA, Hosoe K, Sakai S. 2003. Brominated dioxin-like compounds: In vitro assessment in comparison to classical dioxin-like compounds and other polyaromatic compounds. Environment International 29(6):861-877. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00105-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bidleman T F, Helm PA, Braune BM and Gabrielsen GW. 2010. Polychlorinated naphthalenes in polar environments--a review. Sci Total Environ 408(15):2919-2935. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.013
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 3 , 6-TCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCN-54, 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 7-PeCN
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Behnisch PA, Hosoe K, Sakai S. 2003. Brominated dioxin-like compounds: In vitro assessment in comparison to classical dioxin-like compounds and other polyaromatic compounds. Environment International 29(6):861-877. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00105-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bidleman T F, Helm PA, Braune BM and Gabrielsen GW. 2010. Polychlorinated naphthalenes in polar environments--a review. Sci Total Environ 408(15):2919-2935. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.013
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 8-HxCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCN-70, 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 8-HxCN
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Behnisch PA, Hosoe K, Sakai S. 2003. Brominated dioxin-like compounds: In vitro assessment in comparison to classical dioxin-like compounds and other polyaromatic compounds. Environment International 29(6):861-877. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00105-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bidleman T F, Helm PA, Braune BM and Gabrielsen GW. 2010. Polychlorinated naphthalenes in polar environments--a review. Sci Total Environ 408(15):2919-2935. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.013
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 3 , 7-TCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-PeBDD
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217.
USE REFERENCES
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-PeBDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217.
USE REFERENCES
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-PeCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-pentaCDD
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Farrell K, Keys B, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Safe L, Safe S. 1986. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: Quantitative in vitro and in vivo structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 41(1):21-31. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90101-0.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Farrell K, Keys B, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Safe L and Safe S. 1986. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: Quantitative in vitro and in vivo structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 41(1): 21-31. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90101-0
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 3 , 7 , 9-PeCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Harris M, Zacharewski T, Safe S. 1990. Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and related compounds on the occupied nuclear estrogen receptor in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 50(12):3579-3584. Link.
Krishnan V, Safe S. 1993. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) as antiestrogens in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells: quantitative structure-activity relationships. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 120(1):55-61. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1993.1086.
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 4-triCDD
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Farrell K, Keys B, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Safe L, Safe S. 1986. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: Quantitative in vitro and in vivo structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 41(1):21-31. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90101-0.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Farrell K, Keys B, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Safe L and Safe S. 1986. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: Quantitative in vitro and in vivo structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 41(1): 21-31. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90101-0
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
den Besten C, Vet JJRM, Besselink HT, Kiel GS, Beems R, van Bladeren PJV. 1991. The liver, kidney, and thyroid toxicity of chlorinated benzenes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 111(1):69-81. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(91)90135-2.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCN-72, 1 , 2 , 4 , 5 , 7 , 8-HxCN
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Behnisch PA, Hosoe K, Sakai S. 2003. Brominated dioxin-like compounds: In vitro assessment in comparison to classical dioxin-like compounds and other polyaromatic compounds. Environment International 29(6):861-877. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00105-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bidleman T F, Helm PA, Braune BM and Gabrielsen GW. 2010. Polychlorinated naphthalenes in polar environments--a review. Sci Total Environ 408(15):2919-2935. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.013
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 4 , 6 , 7-PeCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 8-HxCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 4 , 6 , 8-PeCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 4 , 7 , 8-PeBDD
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Zacharewski T, Denomme MA, Safe L, Safe S. 1987. Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and related compounds: Quantitative in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 44(3):245-255. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(87)90027-8.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Zacharewski T, Denomme MA, Safe L, Safe S. 1987. Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and related compounds: Quantitative in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 44(3):245-255. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(87)90027-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 4 , 7 , 8-PeCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 4 , 7 , 8-pentaCDD
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Farrell K, Keys B, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Safe L, Safe S. 1986. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: Quantitative in vitro and in vivo structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 41(1):21-31. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90101-0.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Farrell K, Keys B, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Safe L and Safe S. 1986. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: Quantitative in vitro and in vivo structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 41(1): 21-31. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90101-0
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 4 , 7 , 9-PeCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 4 , 8-TCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2 , 7 , 8-TCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Harper N, Wang X, Liu H, Safe S. 1994. Inhibition of estrogen-induced progesterone receptor in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells by aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor agonists. Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology 104(1):47-55. DOI: 10.1016/0303-7207(94)90050-7.
Liu H, Biegel L, Narasimhan TR, Rowlands C, Safe S. 1992. Inhibition of insulin-like growth factor-I responses in MCF-7 cells by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and related compounds. Mol Cell Endocrinol 87(1-3):19-28. DOI: 10.1016/0303-7207(92)90229-Y.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: buta-1 , 3-diene, biethylene, bivinyl , butadiene, divinyl , erythrene, vinylethylene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Miller, R.A. and Boorman, G.A., 1990. Morphology of neoplastic lesions induced by 1, 3-butadiene in B6C3F1 mice. Environmental health perspectives, 86, p.37. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.908637.
Owen, P.E., Glaister, J.R., Gaunt, I.F. and Pullinger, D.H., 1987. Inhalation toxicity studies with 1, 3-butadiene 3 two year toxicity/carcinogenicity study in rats. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 48(5), pp.407-413. DOI: 10.1080/15298668791384959.
USE REFERENCES
Groh, K.J., Backhaus, T., Carney-Almroth, B., Geueke, B., Inostroza, P.A., Lennquist, A., Maffini, M., Leslie, H.A., Slunge, D., Trasande, L. and Warhurst, M., 2018. Chemicals associated with plastic packaging: Inventory and hazards. PeerJ Preprints, 6, p.e27036v1. DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.27036v1
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: September 26, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAME: m-dichlorobenzene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
McCauley PT, Robinson M, Daniel FB, Olson GR. 1995. Toxicity studies of 1,3-dichlorobenzene in Sprague-Dawley rats. Drug & Chemical Toxicology 18(2-3):201-221. DOI: 10.3109/01480549509014321.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Ahn KC, Zhao B, Chen J, Cherednichenko G, Sanmarti E, Denison MS, Lasley B, Pessah IN, Kultz D, Chang DPY, Gee SJ, Hammock BD. 2008. In vitro biologic activities of the antimicrobials triclocarban, its analogs, and triclosan in bioassay screens: Receptor-based bioassay screens. Environ Health Perspect 116(9):1203-1210. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.11200.
USE REFERENCES
Ahn KC, Zhao B, Chen J, Cherednichenko G, Sanmarti E, Denison MS, Lasley B, Pessah IN, Kultz D, Chang DPY, Gee SJ, Hammock BD. 2008. In vitro biologic activities of the antimicrobials triclocarban, its analogs, and triclosan in bioassay screens: Receptor-based bioassay screens. Environ Health Perspect 116(9):1203-1210. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.11200
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 1 , 3-diphenyl-1 , 1 , 3 , 3-tetramethyldisiloxane, PhMe2SiOSiMe2Ph
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W, Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chem Res Toxicol 16(10):1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g.
Hayden JF, Barlow SA. 1972. Structure-activity relationships of organosiloxanes and the female reproductive system. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 21(1):68-79. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(72)90028-2.
USE REFERENCES
LookChem Link
Santa Cruz BioTechnology. 1,3-Diphenyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane (CAS 56-33-7) Link
DATE ADDED: September 7, 2015 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-PeCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCN-42, 1 , 3 , 5 , 7-TCN
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Behnisch PA, Hosoe K, Sakai S. 2003. Brominated dioxin-like compounds: In vitro assessment in comparison to classical dioxin-like compounds and other polyaromatic compounds. Environment International 29(6):861-877. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00105-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bidleman T F, Helm PA, Braune BM and Gabrielsen GW. 2010. Polychlorinated naphthalenes in polar environments--a review. Sci Total Environ 408(15):2919-2935. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.013
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 3 , 6-TriCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 1 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 8-PeCDF, 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 9-pentachlorodibenzofuran, 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 9-PeCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 24, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 3 , 6 , 8-TCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Harris M, Zacharewski T, Safe S. 1990. Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and related compounds on the occupied nuclear estrogen receptor in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 50(12):3579-3584. Link.
Krishnan V, Safe S. 1993. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) as antiestrogens in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells: quantitative structure-activity relationships. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 120(1):55-61. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1993.1086.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 3 , 7 , 8-TBDD
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217.
Mason G, Zacharewski T, Denomme MA, Safe L, Safe S. 1987. Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and related compounds: Quantitative in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 44(3):245-255. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(87)90027-8.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Zacharewski T, Denomme MA, Safe L, Safe S. 1987. Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and related compounds: Quantitative in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 44(3):245-255. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(87)90027-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 3 , 7 , 8-TCDD
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Harper N, Wang X, Liu H, Safe S. 1994. Inhibition of estrogen-induced progesterone receptor in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells by aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor agonists. Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology 104(1):47-55. DOI: 10.1016/0303-7207(94)90050-7.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Farrell K, Keys B, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Safe L, Safe S. 1986. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: Quantitative in vitro and in vivo structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 41(1):21-31. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90101-0
US EPA. 2011 Apr 6. Landfill Methane Outreach Program FAQ: Public Health, Safety, and the Environment. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 12, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 1 , 3 , 7 , 9-TBDD, 2 , 4 , 6 , 8-tetrabromodibenzo-p-dioxin
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Zacharewski T, Denomme MA, Safe L, Safe S. 1987. Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and related compounds: Quantitative in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 44(3):245-255. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(87)90027-8.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Zacharewski T, Denomme MA, Safe L, Safe S. 1987. Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and related compounds: Quantitative in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 44(3):245-255. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(87)90027-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 3 , 8-TriCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCN-5, 1 , 4-DiCN
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Behnisch PA, Hosoe K, Sakai S. 2003. Brominated dioxin-like compounds: In vitro assessment in comparison to classical dioxin-like compounds and other polyaromatic compounds. Environment International 29(6):861-877. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00105-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bidleman T F, Helm PA, Braune BM and Gabrielsen GW. 2010. Polychlorinated naphthalenes in polar environments--a review. Sci Total Environ 408(15):2919-2935. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.013
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: hexamethylenediamine, 1 , 6-diamino-n-hexane
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kohno H, Sakurada T, Kisara K. 1981. Effects of intracerebroventricular administration of aliphatic diamines on ingestive behavior in the rat. Jpn J Pharmacol 31(2):211-220. DOI: 10.1254/jjp.31.211.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Waxman HA, Markey EJ, and DeGette D. 2011. Chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. United States House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce Minority Staff. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Use/Source not available
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Benisek M, Kubincova P, Blaha L, Hilscherova K. 2011. The effects of PAHs and N-PAHs on retinoid signaling and Oct-4 expression in vitro. Toxicol Lett 200(3):169-175. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.11.011.
DATE ADDED: February 18, 2015 DATE UPDATED: February 18, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCN-9, 1 , 8-DiCN
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Behnisch PA, Hosoe K, Sakai S. 2003. Brominated dioxin-like compounds: In vitro assessment in comparison to classical dioxin-like compounds and other polyaromatic compounds. Environment International 29(6):861-877. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00105-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bidleman T F, Helm PA, Braune BM and Gabrielsen GW. 2010. Polychlorinated naphthalenes in polar environments--a review. Sci Total Environ 408(15):2919-2935. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.013
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Matsuda H, Shimoda H, Morikawa T, Yoshikawa M. 2001. Phytoestrogens from the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum (Polygonaceae): structure-requirement of hydroxyanthraquinones for estrogenic activity. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 11(14):1839-1842. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-894X(01)00318-3.
USE REFERENCES
National Pesticide Information Retrieval System. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cook JW, Dodds EC, Hewett CL, Lawson W. 1934. The oestrogenic activity of some condensed-ring compounds in relation to their other biological activities. Proc Roy Soc Ser B 114(788):272-286. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1934.0006 .
USE REFERENCES
Cook JW, Dodds EC, Hewett CL, Lawson W. 1934. The oestrogenic activity of some condensed-ring compounds in relation to their other biological activities. Proc R Soc Lond B 114(788):272-286. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1934.0006
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 10-OHBaP
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A, Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1):41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010.
USE REFERENCES
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A and Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1): 41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 10:2 diPAP
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Rosenmai AK, Nielsen FK, Pedersen M, Hadrup N, Trier X, Christensen JH, Vinggaard AM. 2013 Jan 1. Fluorochemicals used in food packaging inhibit male sex hormone synthesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 266(1):132-142. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.10.022.
USE REFERENCES
Rosenmai AK, Nielsen FK, Pedersen M, Hadrup N, Trier X, Christensen JH and Vinggaard AM. 2013. Fluorochemicals used in food packaging inhibit male sex hormone synthesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 266(1):132-142. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.10.022
Rosenmai AK, Taxvig C, Svingen T, Trier X, Vugt‐Lussenburg BMA, Pedersen M, Lesné L, Jégou B and Vinggaard AM. 2016. Fluorinated alkyl substances and technical mixtures used in food paper‐packaging exhibit endocrine‐related activity in vitro. Andrology 4(4):662-672. DOI: 10.1111/andr.12190
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: December 6, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: styrene trimer ST-2
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Satoh K, Nagai F, Aoki N. 2001. Several environmental pollutants have binding affinities for both androgen receptor and estrogen receptor α. Journal of Health Science 47(5):495-501. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.47.495.
USE REFERENCES
Ohyama K-I, Nagai F, Tsuchiya Y. 2001. Certain styrene oligomers have proliferative activity on MCF-7 human breast tumor cells and binding affinity for human estrogen receptor. Environ Health Perspect 109(7):699-703. DOI: 10.2307/3454786
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 24, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAME: styrene trimer ST-3
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Ohyama K-I, Nagai F, Tsuchiya Y. 2001. Certain styrene oligomers have proliferative activity on MCF-7 human breast tumor cells and binding affinity for human estrogen receptor. Environ Health Perspect 109(7):699-703. Link.
Satoh K, Nagai F, Aoki N. 2001. Several environmental pollutants have binding affinities for both androgen receptor and estrogen receptor α. Journal of Health Science 47(5):495-501. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.47.495.
USE REFERENCES
Ohyama K-I, Nagai F, Tsuchiya Y. 2001. Certain styrene oligomers have proliferative activity on MCF-7 human breast tumor cells and binding affinity for human estrogen receptor. Environ Health Perspect 109(7):699-703. DOI: 10.2307/3454786
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 24, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAME: styrene trimer ST-4
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Ohyama K-I, Nagai F, Tsuchiya Y. 2001. Certain styrene oligomers have proliferative activity on MCF-7 human breast tumor cells and binding affinity for human estrogen receptor. Environ Health Perspect 109(7):699-703. Link.
Satoh K, Nagai F, Aoki N. 2001. Several environmental pollutants have binding affinities for both androgen receptor and estrogen receptor α. Journal of Health Science 47(5):495-501. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.47.495.
USE REFERENCES
Ohyama K-I, Nagai F, Tsuchiya Y. 2001. Certain styrene oligomers have proliferative activity on MCF-7 human breast tumor cells and binding affinity for human estrogen receptor. Environ Health Perspect 109(7):699-703. DOI: 10.2307/3454786
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 24, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAME: styrene trimer ST-5
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Ohyama K-I, Nagai F, Tsuchiya Y. 2001. Certain styrene oligomers have proliferative activity on MCF-7 human breast tumor cells and binding affinity for human estrogen receptor. Environ Health Perspect 109(7):699-703. Link.
Satoh K, Nagai F, Aoki N. 2001. Several environmental pollutants have binding affinities for both androgen receptor and estrogen receptor α. Journal of Health Science 47(5):495-501. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.47.495.
USE REFERENCES
Ohyama K-I, Nagai F, Tsuchiya Y. 2001. Certain styrene oligomers have proliferative activity on MCF-7 human breast tumor cells and binding affinity for human estrogen receptor. Environ Health Perspect 109(7):699-703. DOI: 10.2307/3454786
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 24, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 6:2 FTOH
CATEGORY OF USE: Food additives and contact material
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Ishibashi H, Ishida H, Matsuoka M, Tominaga N and Arizono K. 2007. Estrogenic effects of fluorotelomer alcohols for human estrogen receptor isoforms α and β in vitro. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 30(7):1358-1359. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.30.1358.
Ishibashi H, Yamauchi R, Matsuoka M, Kim JW, Hirano M, Yamaguchi A, Tominaga N and Arizono K. 2008. Fluorotelomer alcohols induce hepatic vitellogenin through activation of the estrogen receptor in male medaka (Oryzias latipes). Chemosphere 71(10):1853-1859. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.01.065.
Liu C, Du Y and Zhou B. 2007. Evaluation of estrogenic activities and mechanism of action of perfluorinated chemicals determined by vitellogenin induction in primary cultured tilapia hepatocytes. Aquatic toxicology 85(4):267-277. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.09.009.
Maras M, Vanparys C, Muylle F, Robbens J, Berger U, Barber JL, Blust R and De Coen W. 2006. Estrogen-like properties of fluorotelomer alcohols as revealed by MCF-7 breast cancer cell proliferation. Environ Health Perspect 114(1):100-5. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.8149.
USE REFERENCES
Rosenmai AK, Taxvig C, Svingen T, Trier X, Vugt‐Lussenburg BMA, Pedersen M, Lesné L, Jégou B and Vinggaard AM. 2016. Fluorinated alkyl substances and technical mixtures used in food paper‐packaging exhibit endocrine‐related activity in vitro. Andrology 4(4):662-672. DOI: 10.1111/andr.12190
DATE ADDED: December 6, 2017 DATE UPDATED: December 6, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Wang L, Liu W, Yang C, Pan Z, Gan J, Xu C, Zhao M, Schlenk D. 2007. Enantioselectivity in estrogenic potential and uptake of bifenthrin. Environ Sci Technol 41(17):6124-6128. DOI: 10.1021/es070220d.
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Wang L, Liu W, Yang C, Pan Z, Gan J, Xu C, Zhao M, Schlenk D. 2007. Enantioselectivity in estrogenic potential and uptake of bifenthrin. Environ Sci Technol 41(17):6124-6128. DOI: 10.1021/es070220d
DATE ADDED: May 16, 2011 DATE UPDATED: January 27, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Terasaki M, Shiraishi F, Nishikawa T, Edmonds JS, Morita M, Makino M. 2005. Estrogenic activity of impurities in industrial grade bisphenol A. Environ Sci Technol 39(10):3703-3707. DOI: 10.1021/es048932g.
USE REFERENCES
Chapin RE, Adams J, Boekelheide K, Gray Jr. LE , Hayward SW, Lees PSJ, Mcintyre BS, Portier KM, Schnorr TM, Selevan SG, Vandenbergh JG and Woskie SR. 2008. NTP-CERHR expert panel report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of bisphenol A. Birth Defects Research Part B-Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology 83(3): 157-395. DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.20147
Terasaki M, Shiraishi F, Nishikawa T, Edmonds JS, Morita M and Makino M. 2005. Estrogenic activity of impurities in industrial grade bisphenol A. Environ Sci Technol 39(10):3703-3707. DOI: 10.1021/es048932g
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: TCMTB, TCMTBT
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nakama A, Funasaka K, Shimizu M. 2007. Evaluation of estrogenic activity of organic biocides using ER-binding and YES assay. Food Chem Toxicol 45(9):1558-1564. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.02.014.
USE REFERENCES
National Pesticide Information Retrieval System . Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: monoethanolamine, beta-aminoethanol, 2-ethanolamine, ethanolamine
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Barseghian G, Zak I, Hwang DL, Roitman A, Lev-Ran A. 1986. In vitro effects of ethanolamine on insulin secretion. Life Sci 38(7):645-651. DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(86)90058-5.
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US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Waxman HA, Markey EJ, and DeGette D. 2011. Chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. United States House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce Minority Staff. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2-benzotriazol-2-yl-4 , 6-di-tert-butylphenol, 2-benzotriazol-2-yl-4 , 6-di-tert-butylphenol, 2- ( Benzotriazol-2-yl ) -4 , 6-ditert-butylphenol, HDBB
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hirata-Koizumi, M., Ise, R., Kato, H., Matsuyama, T., Nishimaki-Mogami, T., Takahashi, M., Ono, A., Ema, M. and Hirose, A., 2016. Transcriptome analyses demonstrate that Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α (PPARα) activity of an ultraviolet absorber, 2-(2’-hydroxy-3’, 5’-di-tert-butylphenyl) benzotriazole, as possible mechanism of their toxicity and the gender differences. The Journal of toxicological sciences, 41(5), pp.693-700. DOI: 10.2131/jts.41.693.
Hirata-Koizumi, M., Matsuyama, T., Imai, T., Hirose, A., Kamata, E. and Ema, M., 2008. Gonadal influence on the toxicity of 2-(2′-hydroxy-3′, 5′-di-tert-butylphenyl) benzotriazole in rats. Drug and chemical toxicology, 31(1), pp.115-126. DOI: 10.1080/01480540701688808.
Hirata-Koizumi, M., Watari, N., Mukai, D., Imai, T., Hirose, A., Kamata, E. and Ema, M., 2007. A 28-day repeated dose toxicity study of ultraviolet absorber 2-(2′-hydroxy-3′, 5′-di-tert-butylphenyl) benzotriazole in rats. Drug and chemical toxicology, 30(4), pp.327-341. DOI: 10.1080/01480540701522254.
USE REFERENCES
Groh, K.J., Backhaus, T., Carney-Almroth, B., Geueke, B., Inostroza, P.A., Lennquist, A., Maffini, M., Leslie, H.A., Slunge, D., Trasande, L. and Warhurst, M., 2018. Chemicals associated with plastic packaging: Inventory and hazards. PeerJ Preprints, 6, p.e27036v1. DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.27036v1
DATE ADDED: September 26, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3 , 7-trichloro-8-bromodibenzodioxin
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217.
Mason G, Zacharewski T, Denomme MA, Safe L, Safe S. 1987. Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and related compounds: Quantitative in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 44(3):245-255. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(87)90027-8.
Schulz-Schalge T, Koch E, Schwind KH, Hutzinger O, Neubert D. 1991. Inductive potency of TCDD, TBDD and three 2,3,7,8-mixed-halogenated dioxins in liver microsomes of male rats. Enzyme kinetic considerations. Chemosphere 23(11-12):1925-1931. DOI: 10.1016/0045-6535(91)90040-K.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Zacharewski T, Denomme MA, Safe L, Safe S. 1987. Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and related compounds: Quantitative in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 44(3):245-255. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(87)90027-8
Schulz-Schalge T, Koch E, Schwind KH, Hutzinger O, Neubert D. 1991. Inductive potency of TCDD, TBDD and three 2,3,7,8-mixed-halogenated dioxins in liver microsomes of male rats. Enzyme kinetic considerations. Chemosphere 23(11-12):1925-1931. DOI: 10.1016/0045-6535(91)90040-K
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 10, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: "T3-HO-BDE"
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.01109399
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 10, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2-MBDD
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Zacharewski T, Denomme MA, Safe L, Safe S. 1987. Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and related compounds: Quantitative in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 44(3):245-255. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(87)90027-8.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Zacharewski T, Denomme MA, Safe L, Safe S. 1987. Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and related compounds: Quantitative in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 44(3):245-255. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(87)90027-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2-chloro-4-cresol
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
USE REFERENCES
Alibaba.com. 2-Chloro-4-methylphenol. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-1
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gierthy JF, Arcaro KF, Floyd M. 1997. Assessment of PCB estrogenicity in a human breast cancer cell line. Chemosphere 34(5-7):1495-1505. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00446-3.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
van den Berg KJ. 1990. Interaction of chlorinated phenols with thyroxine binding sites of human transthyretin, albumin and thyroid binding globulin. Chem Biol Interact 76(1):63-75. DOI: 10.1016/0009-2797(90)90034-K.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, cellosolve acetate, oxitol acetate, ethoxyethyl acetate, ethylglycol acetate, ethyl cellosolve acetate, oxytol acetate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nagano K, Nakayama E, Oobayashi H, Nishizawa T, Okuda H, Yamazaki K. 1984. Experimental studies on toxicity of ethylene glycol alkyl ethers in Japan. Environ Health Perspect 57:75-84. DOI: 10.2307/3429901.
Reproductive toxicology. Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate. 1997. Environmental Health Perspectives, 105(Suppl 1), 221–222. Link.
USE REFERENCES
European Commisson. 2016. Commission Staff Working Document Impact Assessment. Defining criteria for identifying endocrine disruptors in the context of the implementation of the plant protection products regulation and biocidal products regulation. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: April 4, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAME: Hexanoic acid , 2-ethyl-
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lampen A, Zimnik S, Nau H. 2003. Teratogenic phthalate esters and metabolites activate the nuclear receptors PPARs and induce differentiation of F9 cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 188(1):14-23. DOI: 10.1016/S0041-008X(03)00014-0.
Maloney EK, Waxman DJ. 1999. trans-Activation of PPARalpha and PPARgamma by structurally diverse environmental chemicals. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 161(2):209-218. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1999.8809.
USE REFERENCES
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: July 15, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 24, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2-ethyl-1-hexanol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Metabolite/Degradate, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kassotis CD, Klemp KC, Vu DC, Lin CH, Meng CX, Besch-Williford CL, Pinatti L, Zoeller RT, Drobnis EZ, Balise VD, et al. 2015 in press. Endocrine-disrupting activity of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and adverse health outcomes after prenatal exposure in male mice. Endocrinology:en20151375. DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1375.
Kassotis CD, Tillitt DE, Davis JW, Hormann AM, Nagel SC. 2014. Estrogen and androgen receptor activities of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and surface and ground water in a drilling-dense region. Endocrinology 155(3):897-907. DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1697.
USE REFERENCES
Macey GP, Breech R, Chernaik M, Cox C, Larson D, Thomas D, Carpenter DO. 2014. Air concentrations of volatile compounds near oil and gas production: a community-based exploratory study. Environ Health 13:82. DOI: 10.1186/1476-069X-13-82
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US EPA. Pesticide Chemical Search. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 27, 2015 DATE UPDATED: March 21, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: octyl paraben
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
USE REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138
PUBCHEM. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: octinoxate, octylmethoxycinnamate ( OMC ) , octyl p-methoxycinnamate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Carbone S, Szwarcfarb B, Reynoso R, Ponzo OJ, Cardoso N, Ale E, Moguilevsky JA, Scacchi P. 2010. In vitro effect of octyl - methoxycinnamate (OMC) on the release of Gn-RH and amino acid neurotransmitters by hypothalamus of adult rats. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 118(5):298-303. DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1224153.
Klammer H, Schlecht C, Wuttke W, Jarry H. 2005. Multi-organic risk assessment of estrogenic properties of octyl-methoxycinnamate in vivo - A 5-day sub-acute pharmacodynamic study with ovariectomized rats. Toxicology 215(1-2):90-96. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2005.06.026.
Klammer H, Schlecht C, Wuttke W, Schmutzler C, Gotthardt I, Kohrle J, Jarry H. 2007. Effects of a 5-day treatment with the UV-filter octyl-methoxycinnamate (OMC) on the function of the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid function in rats. Toxicology 238(2-3):192-199. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2007.06.088.
Kunz PY, Fent K. 2006. Multiple hormonal activities of UV filters and comparison of in vivo and in vitro estrogenic activity of ethyl-4-aminobenzoate in fish. Aquat Toxicol 79(4):305-324. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.06.016.
Rachon D, Rimoldi G, Wuttke W. 2006. In vitro effects of benzophenone-2 and octyl-methoxycinnamate on the production of interferon-gamma and interleukin-10 by murine splenocytes. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 28(3):501-510. DOI: 10.1080/08923970600927751.
Seidlova-Wuttke D, Jarry H, Christoffel J, Rimoldi G, Wuttke W. 2006. Comparison of effects of estradiol (E2) with those of octylmethoxycinnamate (OMC) and 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4MBC)--2 filters of UV light - on several uterine, vaginal and bone parameters. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 210(3):246-254. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2005.05.006.
USE REFERENCES
Orem WH, Tatu CA, Lerch HE, Rice CA, Bartos TT, Bates AL, Tewalt S, Corum MD. 2007. Organic compounds in produced waters from coalbed natural gas wells in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming, USA. Appl Geochem 22(10):2240-2256. DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.04.010
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2-hydroxy-1 , 3 , 7 , 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-4-dioxin
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87(3):1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311.
USE REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 87(3): 1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87(3):1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311.
USE REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 87(3): 1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87(3):1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311.
USE REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 87(3): 1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2' , 4 , 5' , 6-tetrachlorobiphenyl-2-ol
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Shiraishi F, Okumura T, Nomachi M, Serizawa S, Nishikawa J, Edmonds JS, Shiraishi H, Morita M. 2003. Estrogenic and thyroid hormone activity of a series of hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyls. Chemosphere 52(1):33-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00261-3.
USE REFERENCES
Shiraishi F, Okumura T, Nomachi M, Serizawa S, Nishikawa J, Edmonds JS, Shiraishi H and Morita M. 2003. Estrogenic and thyroid hormone activity of a series of hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyls. Chemosphere 52(1):33-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00261-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2-OH-PCB-2
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 24, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2-OH-PCB-77
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
USE REFERENCES
Kester M H, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2000. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2-OH-PCB-14
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 24, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2-OH-3 , 7 , 8-TriCDD
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Safe S. 1986. Synthesis, biologic and toxic effects of the major 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin metabolites in the rat. Toxicology 41(2):153-159. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90196-4.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Safe S. 1986. Synthesis, biologic and toxic effects of the major 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin metabolites in the rat. Toxicology 41(2):153-159. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90196-4
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: benzophenone-3 ( BP-3 ) , oxybenzone, ( 2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl ) phenyl-methanone
CATEGORIES OF USE: Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Jannesson L, Birkhed D, Scherl D, Gaffar A, Renvert S. 2004. Effect of oxybenzone on PGE2-production in vitro and on plaque and gingivitis in vivo. J Clin Periodontol 31(2):91-94. DOI: 10.1111/j.0303-6979.2004.00453.x.
Kunz PY, Fent K. 2006. Multiple hormonal activities of UV filters and comparison of in vivo and in vitro estrogenic activity of ethyl-4-aminobenzoate in fish. Aquat Toxicol 79(4):305-324. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.06.016.
Kunz PY, Galicia HF, Fent K. 2006. Comparison of in vitro and in vivo estrogenic activity of UV filters in fish. Toxicol Sci 90(2):349-361 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj082.
Ma RS, Cotton B, Lichtensteiger W, Schlumpf M. 2003. UV filters with antagonistic action at androgen receptors in the MDA-kb2 cell transcriptional-activation assay. Toxicol Sci 74(1):43-50. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfg102.
Schlecht C, Klammer H, Jarry H, Wuttke W. 2004. Effects of estradiol, benzophenone-2 and benzophenone-3 on the expression pattern of the estrogen receptors (ER) alpha and beta, the estrogen receptor-related receptor I (ERR1) and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in adult ovariectomized rats. Toxicology 205(1-2):123-130. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2004.06.044.
Schlumpf M, Cotton B, Conscience M, Haller V, Steinmann B, Lichtensteiger W. 2001. In vitro and in vivo estrogenicity of UV screens. Environ Health Perspect 109(3):239-244. Link.
Schreurs RH, Sonneveld E, Jansen JH, Seinen W, van der Burg B. 2005. Interaction of polycyclic musks and UV filters with the estrogen receptor (ER), androgen receptor (AR), and progesterone receptor (PR) in reporter gene bioassays. Toxicol Sci 83(2):264-272. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfi035.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 23, 2013
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kawamura Y, Mutsuga M, Kato T, Iida M, Tanamoto K. 2005. Estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities of benzophenones in human estrogen and androgen receptor mediated mammalian reporter gene assays. Journal of Health Science 51(1):48-54. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.51.48.
Kawamura Y, Ogawa Y, Nishimura T, Kikuchi Y, Nishikawa J, Nishihara T, Tanamoto K. 2003. Estrogenic activities of UV stabilizers used in food contact plastics and benzophenone derivatives tested by the yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(3):205-212. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.205.
USE REFERENCES
Kawamura Y, Ogawa Y, Nishimura T, Kikuchi Y, Nishikawa J, Nishihara T and Tanamoto K. 2003. Estrogenic activities of UV stabilizers used in food contact plastics and benzophenone derivatives tested by the yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(3): 205-212. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.205
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2-OH-5MeCR
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7.
USE REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7 Get
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87(3):1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311.
USE REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 87(3): 1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 7 , 8-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-2-ol
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87(3):1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311.
USE REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 87(3): 1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87(3):1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311.
USE REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 87(3): 1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
USE REFERENCES
Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N and Hashimoto S. 2005. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 24(8):1984-1993. DOI: 10.1897/04-310R.1
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2-hATQ
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N, Hashimoto S. 2005. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environ Toxicol Chem 24(8):1984-1993. DOI: 10.1897/04-310R.1.
USE REFERENCES
Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N and Hashimoto S. 2005. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 24(8):1984-1993. DOI: 10.1897/04-310R.1
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A, Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1):41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010.
USE REFERENCES
Slaga TJ, Bracken WM, Dresner S, Levin W, Yagi H, Jerina DM, Conney AH. 1978. Skin tumor-initiating activities of the twelve isomeric phenols of benzo(a)pyrene. Cancer Res 38(3):678-681. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2-OH-B[c]PH, benzo[c]phenanthren-2-ol
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7.
USE REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7 Get
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kawamura Y, Mutsuga M, Kato T, Iida M, Tanamoto K. 2005. Estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities of benzophenones in human estrogen and androgen receptor mediated mammalian reporter gene assays. Journal of Health Science 51(1):48-54. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.51.48.
Kawamura Y, Ogawa Y, Nishimura T, Kikuchi Y, Nishikawa J, Nishihara T, Tanamoto K. 2003. Estrogenic activities of UV stabilizers used in food contact plastics and benzophenone derivatives tested by the yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(3):205-212. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.205.
USE REFERENCES
Kawamura Y, Ogawa Y, Nishimura T, Kikuchi Y, Nishikawa J, Nishihara T and Tanamoto K. 2003. Estrogenic activities of UV stabilizers used in food contact plastics and benzophenone derivatives tested by the yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(3): 205-212. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.205
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW and Sinks GD. 2002. Xenoestrogenic gene expression: structural features of active polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Environ Toxicol Chem 21(4): 783-786. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620210414.
USE REFERENCES
Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N and Hashimoto S. 2005. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 24(8):1984-1993. DOI: 10.1897/04-310R.1
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2-OH-CR, 2-chrysenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7.
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A, Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1):41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010.
USE REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7 Get
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A and Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1): 41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N, Hashimoto S. 2005. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environ Toxicol Chem 24(8):1984-1993. DOI: 10.1897/04-310R.1.
USE REFERENCES
Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N and Hashimoto S. 2005. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 24(8):1984-1993. DOI: 10.1897/04-310R.1
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: o-benzylphenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MT. 2002. Structure-activity relationships for gene activation oestrogenicity: evaluation of a diverse set of aromatic chemicals. Environmental Toxicology 17(1):14-23. DOI: 10.1002/tox.10027.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N, Hashimoto S. 2005. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environ Toxicol Chem 24(8):1984-1993. DOI: 10.1897/04-310R.1.
USE REFERENCES
Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N and Hashimoto S. 2005. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 24(8):1984-1993. DOI: 10.1897/04-310R.1
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2-benzothiazolethiol, captax, benzothiazolethiol, benzo[d]thiazole-2-thiol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hornung, M.W., Kosian, P.A., Haselman, J.T., Korte, J.J., Challis, K., Macherla, C., Nevalainen, E. and Degitz, S.J., 2015. In vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo determination of thyroid hormone modulating activity of benzothiazoles. Toxicological Sciences, 146(2), pp.254-264. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfv090.
Nelson, K.R., Schroeder, A.L., Ankley, G.T., Blackwell, B.R., Blanksma, C., Degitz, S.J., Flynn, K.M., Jensen, K.M., Johnson, R.D., Kahl, M.D. and Knapen, D., 2016. Impaired anterior swim bladder inflation following exposure to the thyroid peroxidase inhibitor 2-mercaptobenzothiazole part I: Fathead minnow. Aquatic Toxicology, 173, pp.192-203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.12.024.
Stinckens, E., Vergauwen, L., Schroeder, A.L., Maho, W., Blackwell, B.R., Witters, H., Blust, R., Ankley, G.T., Covaci, A., Villeneuve, D.L. and Knapen, D., 2016. Impaired anterior swim bladder inflation following exposure to the thyroid peroxidase inhibitor 2-mercaptobenzothiazole part II: Zebrafish. Aquatic Toxicology, 173, pp.204-217. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.12.023.
Tietge, J.E., Degitz, S.J., Haselman, J.T., Butterworth, B.C., Korte, J.J., Kosian, P.A., Lindberg-Livingston, A.J., Burgess, E.M., Blackshear, P.E. and Hornung, M.W., 2013. Inhibition of the thyroid hormone pathway in Xenopus laevis by 2-mercaptobenzothiazole. Aquatic toxicology, 126, pp.128-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.10.013.
USE REFERENCES
European Commisson. 2016. Commission Staff Working Document Impact Assessment. Defining criteria for identifying endocrine disruptors in the context of the implementation of the plant protection products regulation and biocidal products regulation. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: April 4, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PNOC
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Taneda S, Mori Y, Kamata K, Hayashi H, Furuta C , Li C, Seki K, Sakushima A, Yoshino S, Yamaki K , Watanabe G, Taya K, Suzuki AK. 2004. Estrogenic and anti-androgenic activity of nitrophenols in diesel exhaust particles (DEP). Biol Pharm Bull 27(6):835-837. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.27.835.
USE REFERENCES
Taneda S, Mori Y, Kamata K, Hayashi H, Furuta C, Li C, Seki K, Sakushima A, Yoshino S, Yamaki K, Watanabe G, Taya K and Suzuki AK 2004. Estrogenic and anti-androgenic activity of nitrophenols in diesel exhaust particles (DEP). Biol Pharm Bull 27(6):835-837. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.27.835
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl, MMT
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Metal/Metallurgy
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Choe SY, Kim SJ, Kim HG, Lee JH, Choi Y, Lee H, Kim Y. 2003. Evaluation of estrogenicity of major heavy metals. Sci Total Environ 312(1-3):15-21. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00190-6.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Benisek M, Blaha L, Hilscherova K. 2008. Interference of PAHs and their N-heterocyclic analogs with signaling of retinoids in vitro. Toxicol in Vitro 22(8):1909-1917. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.09.009.
USE REFERENCES
Benisek M, Blaha L, Hilscherova K. 2008. Interference of PAHs and their N-heterocyclic analogs with signaling of retinoids in vitro. Toxicol in Vitro 22(8):1909-1917. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.09.009
DATE ADDED: August 12, 2015 DATE UPDATED: August 12, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Arnott DG, Doniach I. 1952. The effect of compounds allied to resorcinol upon the uptake of radioactive iodine by the thyroid of the rat. Biochem J 50(4):473-479. DOI: 10.1042/bj0500473 .
Lindsay RH, Hill JB, Gaitan E, Cooksey RC, Jolley RL. 1992. Antithyroid effects of coal-derived pollutants. J Toxicol Environ Health 37(4):467-481. DOI: 10.1080/15287399209531686.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2-monoCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCN-2, 2-MoCN
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Behnisch PA, Hosoe K, Sakai S. 2003. Brominated dioxin-like compounds: In vitro assessment in comparison to classical dioxin-like compounds and other polyaromatic compounds. Environment International 29(6):861-877. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00105-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bidleman T F, Helm PA, Braune BM and Gabrielsen GW. 2010. Polychlorinated naphthalenes in polar environments--a review. Sci Total Environ 408(15):2919-2935. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.013
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: naphthol-2
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metabolite/Degradate, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mueller GC, Kim UH. 1978. Displacement of estradiol from estrogen receptors by simple alkyl phenols. Endocrinology 102(5):1429-1435. DOI: 10.1210/endo-102-5-1429.
USE REFERENCES
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). 2007 Nov. Naphthalene metabolites 1-naphthol and 2-naphthol. In: The MAK-Collection for Occupational Health and Safety Part IV: Biomonitoring Methods, Vol. 12, p 319-339. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2-NH2-MK
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Chou Y-J, Dietrich DR. 1999. Interactions of nitromusk parent compounds and their amino-metabolites with the estrogen receptors of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the South African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). Toxicol Lett 111(1-2):27-36. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(99)00168-X.
USE REFERENCES
Chou Y-J and Dietrich DR. 1999. Interactions of nitromusk parent compounds and their amino-metabolites with the estrogen receptors of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the South African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). Toxicology Letters 111(1-2): 27-36. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(99)00168-X
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2-NH2-MX
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Chou Y-J, Dietrich DR. 1999. Interactions of nitromusk parent compounds and their amino-metabolites with the estrogen receptors of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the South African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). Toxicol Lett 111(1-2):27-36. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(99)00168-X.
USE REFERENCES
Chou Y-J and Dietrich DR. 1999. Interactions of nitromusk parent compounds and their amino-metabolites with the estrogen receptors of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the South African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). Toxicology Letters 111(1-2): 27-36. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(99)00168-X
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2- ( 1-methylpropyl ) phenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W, Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chem Res Toxicol 16(10):1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: o-sec-amylphenol, 2- ( 1-methylbutyl ) phenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mueller GC, Kim UH. 1978. Displacement of estradiol from estrogen receptors by simple alkyl phenols. Endocrinology 102(5):1429-1435. DOI: 10.1210/endo-102-5-1429.
USE REFERENCES
Mueller GC, Kim UH. 1978. Displacement of estradiol from estrogen receptors by simple alkyl phenols. Endocrinology 102(5):1429-1435. DOI: 10.1210/endo-102-5-1429
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Araki N, Ohno K, Nakai M, Takeyoshi M, Iida M. 2005. Screening for androgen receptor activities in 253 industrial chemicals by in vitro reporter gene assays using AR-EcoScreen cells. Toxicol In Vitro 19(6):831-842. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.04.009.
USE REFERENCES
Araki N, Ohno K, Nakai M, Takeyoshi M, Iida M. 2005. Screening for androgen receptor activities in 253 industrial chemicals by in vitro reporter gene assays using AR-EcoScreen cells. Toxicol In Vitro 19(6):831-842. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.04.009
DATE ADDED: September 20, 2013 DATE UPDATED: September 20, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: TMBPA, 4 , 4'-isopropylidenedi 2 , 6-xylenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Asano K, Ono A, Hashimoto S, Inoue T and Kanno J. 2002. Screening method of endocrine disrupting chemicals using a surface plasmon resonance sensor. Bunseki Kagaku 51:389-396. DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.51.389.
Coleman KP, Toscano WA, Jr., Wiese TE. 2003. Qsar models of the in vitro estrogen activity of bisphenol a analogs. QSAR Comb Sci 22:78-88. DOI: 10.1002/qsar.200390008.
Zhang HC, Hu XL, Yin DQ, Lin ZF. 2011. Development of molecular docking-based binding energy to predict the joint effect of BPA and its analogs. Hum Exp Toxicol 30(4):318-327. DOI: 10.1177/0960327110372400.
USE REFERENCES
Santa Cruz Biotechnology. Link
Zhang HC, Hu XL, Yin DQ and Lin ZF. 2011. Development of molecular docking-based binding energy to predict the joint effect of BPA and its analogs. Hum Exp Toxicol 30(4):318-327. DOI: 10.1177/0960327110372400
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Araki N, Ohno K, Nakai M, Takeyoshi M, Iida M. 2005. Screening for androgen receptor activities in 253 industrial chemicals by in vitro reporter gene assays using AR-EcoScreen cells. Toxicol In Vitro 19(6):831-842. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.04.009.
USE REFERENCES
Araki N, Ohno K, Nakai M, Takeyoshi M, Iida M. 2005. Screening for androgen receptor activities in 253 industrial chemicals by in vitro reporter gene assays using AR-EcoScreen cells. Toxicol In Vitro 19(6):831-842. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.04.009
DATE ADDED: September 20, 2013 DATE UPDATED: September 20, 2013
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
Terasaki M, Shiraishi F, Nishikawa T, Edmonds JS, Morita M, Makino M. 2005. Estrogenic activity of impurities in industrial grade bisphenol A. Environ Sci Technol 39(10):3703-3707. DOI: 10.1021/es048932g.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 2-bis ( 4-hydroxyphenyl ) -1-propanol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Perez P, Pulgar R, Olea-Serrano F, Villalobos M, Rivas A, Metzler M, Pedraza V, Olea N. 1998. The estrogenicity of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes with various substituents at the central carbon and the hydroxy groups. Environ Health Perspect 106(3):167-174. DOI: 10.2307/3434318 .
USE REFERENCES
Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Bisphenol Degradation-Reference Pathway. Link
Perez P, Pulgar R, Olea-Serrano F, Villalobos M, Rivas A, Metzler M, Pedraza V, Olea N. 1998. The estrogenicity of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes with various substituents at the central carbon and the hydroxy groups. Environ Health Perspect 106(3):167-174. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.98106167
PUBCHEM. 2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanol - Compound Summary. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: DBNPA, 2 , 2-dibromo-2-carbamoylacetonitrile, 2 , 2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Metal/Metallurgy, Pesticide ingredient, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Chen F. 2012. The chronic aquatic toxicity of a microbicide dibromonitrilopropionamide. Toxicol Ind Health 28(2):181-185. DOI: 10.1177/0748233711410904.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Waxman HA, Markey EJ, and DeGette D. 2011. Chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. United States House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce Minority Staff. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 2'-methylenebis ( 6-t-butyl-4-ethylphenol )
CATEGORY OF USE: Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Satoh K, Nonaka R, Ohyama KI, Nagai F, Ogata A, Iida M. 2008. Endocrine disruptive effects of chemicals eluted from nitrite-butadiene rubber gloves using reporter gene assay systems. Biol Pharm Bull 31(3):375-379. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.375.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: bis ( 2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylphenyl ) methane
CATEGORY OF USE: Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Satoh K, Nonaka R, Ohyama KI, Nagai F, Ogata A, Iida M. 2008. Endocrine disruptive effects of chemicals eluted from nitrite-butadiene rubber gloves using reporter gene assay systems. Biol Pharm Bull 31(3):375-379. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.375.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Satoh K, Nonaka R, Ohyama KI, Nagai F, Ogata A, Iida M. 2008. Endocrine disruptive effects of chemicals eluted from nitrite-butadiene rubber gloves using reporter gene assay systems. Biol Pharm Bull 31(3):375-379. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.375.
USE REFERENCES
Satoh K, Nonaka R, Ohyama KI, Nagai F, Ogata A and Iida M. 2008. Endocrine disruptive effects of chemicals eluted from nitrite-butadiene rubber gloves using reporter gene assay systems. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 31(3):375-379. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.375
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 27, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: DAB
CATEGORY OF USE: Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Letcher RJ, Sanderson JT, Bokkers A, Giesy JP, Van Den Berg M. 2005. Effects of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes on vitellogenin production in male carp (Cyprinus carpio) hepatocytes and aromatase (CYP19) activity in human H295R adrenocortical carcinoma cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 209(2):95-104. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2005.03.013.
USE REFERENCES
Chemical Book. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Terasaki M, Shiraishi F, Nishikawa T, Edmonds JS, Morita M, Makino M. 2005. Estrogenic activity of impurities in industrial grade bisphenol A. Environ Sci Technol 39(10):3703-3707. DOI: 10.1021/es048932g.
USE REFERENCES
Chapin RE, Adams J, Boekelheide K, Gray Jr. LE , Hayward SW, Lees PSJ, Mcintyre BS, Portier KM, Schnorr TM, Selevan SG, Vandenbergh JG and Woskie SR. 2008. NTP-CERHR expert panel report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of bisphenol A. Birth Defects Research Part B-Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology 83(3): 157-395. DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.20147
Terasaki M, Shiraishi F, Nishikawa T, Edmonds JS, Morita M and Makino M. 2005. Estrogenic activity of impurities in industrial grade bisphenol A. Environ Sci Technol 39(10):3703-3707. DOI: 10.1021/es048932g
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kawamura Y, Mutsuga M, Kato T, Iida M, Tanamoto K. 2005. Estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities of benzophenones in human estrogen and androgen receptor mediated mammalian reporter gene assays. Journal of Health Science 51(1):48-54. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.51.48.
Kawamura Y, Ogawa Y, Nishimura T, Kikuchi Y, Nishikawa J, Nishihara T, Tanamoto K. 2003. Estrogenic activities of UV stabilizers used in food contact plastics and benzophenone derivatives tested by the yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(3):205-212. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.205.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: benzophenone-6
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bitman J, Cecil HC. 1970. Estrogenic activity of DDT analogs and polychlorinated biphenyls. Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry 18(6):1108-1112. DOI: 10.1021/jf60172a019.
Matsumoto H, Adachi S, Suzuki Y. 2005. Estrogenic activity of ultraviolet absorbers and the related compounds. Yakugaku Zasshi 125(8):643-652. Link.
Morohoshi K, Yamamoto H, Kamata R, Shiraishi F, Koda T, Morita M. 2005. Estrogenic activity of 37 components of commercial sunscreen lotions evaluated by in vitro assays. Toxicol in Vitro 19(4):457-469. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.01.004.
USE REFERENCES
Morohoshi K, Yamamoto H, Kamata R, Shiraishi F, Koda T, Morita M. 2005. Estrogenic activity of 37 components of commercial sunscreen lotions evaluated by in vitro assays. Toxicol in Vitro 19(4):457-469. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.01.004
WuZhou International. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kawamura Y, Mutsuga M, Kato T, Iida M, Tanamoto K. 2005. Estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities of benzophenones in human estrogen and androgen receptor mediated mammalian reporter gene assays. Journal of Health Science 51(1):48-54. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.51.48.
USE REFERENCES
Kawamura Y, Ogawa Y, Nishimura T, Kikuchi Y, Nishikawa J, Nishihara T and Tanamoto K. 2003. Estrogenic activities of UV stabilizers used in food contact plastics and benzophenone derivatives tested by the yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(3): 205-212. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.205
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 2'-biphenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bitman J, Cecil HC. 1970. Estrogenic activity of DDT analogs and polychlorinated biphenyls. Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry 18(6):1108-1112. DOI: 10.1021/jf60172a019.
USE REFERENCES
Bitman J, Cecil HC. 1970. Estrogenic activity of DDT analogs and polychlorinated biphenyls. J Agric Food Chem 18(6):1108-1112. DOI: 10.1021/jf60172a019
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Oda H, Miwa G, Nishikawa J , Nishihara T, Nakazawa H, Hori S. 2003. Estrogenicity of metabolites of benzophenone derivatives examined by a yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(2):91-98. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.91.
USE REFERENCES
Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Oda H, Miwa G, Nishikawa J, Nishihara T, Nakazawa H and Hori S. 2003. Estrogenicity of metabolites of benzophenone derivatives examined by a yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(2):91-98. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.91
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-128
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Portigal CL, Cowell SP, Fedoruk MN, Butler CM, Rennie PS, Nelson CC. 2002. Polychlorinated biphenyls interfere with androgen-induced transcriptional activation and hormone binding. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 179(3):185-194. DOI: 10.1006/taap.2002.9371.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-206
CATEGORIES OF USE: Flame retardant, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. (polybrominated diphenyl ethers) Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-176
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
Pessah IN, Hansen LG, Albertson TE, Garner CE, Ta TA, Do Z, Kim KH and Wong PW. 2006. Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1). Chem Res Toxicol 19(1):92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-132
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
Pessah IN, Hansen LG, Albertson TE, Garner CE, Ta TA, Do Z, Kim KH and Wong PW. 2006. Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1). Chem Res Toxicol 19(1):92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-133
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-84
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
Pessah IN, Hansen LG, Albertson TE, Garner CE, Ta TA, Do Z, Kim KH and Wong PW. 2006. Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1). Chem Res Toxicol 19(1):92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-136
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-41
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
Pessah IN, Hansen LG, Albertson TE, Garner CE, Ta TA, Do Z, Kim KH and Wong PW. 2006. Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1). Chem Res Toxicol 19(1):92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-85
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
USE REFERENCES
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-85 metabolite
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman A, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-180
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bonefeld-Jorgensen EC, Andersen HR, Rasmussen TH, Vinggaard AM. 2001. Effect of highly bioaccumulated polychlorinated biphenyl congeners on estrogen and androgen receptor activity. Toxicology 158(3):141-153. DOI: 10.1016/S0300-483X(00)00368-1.
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-181
CATEGORY OF USE: Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. (polybrominated diphenyl ethers) Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-138
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bonefeld-Jorgensen EC, Andersen HR, Rasmussen TH, Vinggaard AM. 2001. Effect of highly bioaccumulated polychlorinated biphenyl congeners on estrogen and androgen receptor activity. Toxicology 158(3):141-153. DOI: 10.1016/S0300-483X(00)00368-1.
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
Portigal CL, Cowell SP, Fedoruk MN, Butler CM, Rennie PS, Nelson CC. 2002. Polychlorinated biphenyls interfere with androgen-induced transcriptional activation and hormone binding. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 179(3):185-194. DOI: 10.1006/taap.2002.9371.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-183
CATEGORIES OF USE: Flame retardant, Household product ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-183
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
Pessah IN, Hansen LG, Albertson TE, Garner CE, Ta TA, Do Z, Kim KH and Wong PW. 2006. Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1). Chem Res Toxicol 19(1):92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-185
CATEGORY OF USE: Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. (polybrominated diphenyl ethers) Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-42
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Portigal CL, Cowell SP, Fedoruk MN, Butler CM, Rennie PS, Nelson CC. 2002. Polychlorinated biphenyls interfere with androgen-induced transcriptional activation and hormone binding. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 179(3):185-194. DOI: 10.1006/taap.2002.9371.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-149
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Li MH, Hsu PC, Guo YL. 2001. Hepatic enzyme induction and acute endocrine effects of 2,2 ',3,3 ',4,6 '-hexachlorobiphenyl and 2,2,3,4 ',5 ',6-hexachlorobiphenyl in prepubertal female rats. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 41(3):381-385. DOI: 10.1007/s002440010263.
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-95
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
Yang D, Kim KH, Phimister A, Bachstetter AD, Ward TR, Stackman RW, Mervis RF, Wisniewski AB, Klein SL, Kodavanti PR, Anderson KA, Wayman G, Pessah IN, Lein PJ. 2009. Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls interferes with experience-dependent dendritic plasticity and ryanodine receptor expression in weanling rats. Environ Health Perspect 117(3):426-435. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.11771.
USE REFERENCES
Pessah IN, Hansen LG, Albertson TE, Garner CE, Ta TA, Do Z, Kim KH and Wong PW. 2006. Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1). Chem Res Toxicol 19(1):92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-47
CATEGORIES OF USE: Flame retardant, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Visser TJ, Van Velzen MJM, Brouwer A, Bergman Å. 2008. Biotransformation of brominated flame retardants into potentially endocrine-disrupting metabolites, with special attention to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47). Mol Nutr Food Res 52(2):284-298. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700104.
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
USE REFERENCES
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-47 metabolite
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman A, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-47
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Soontornchat S, Li MH, Cooke PS, Hansen LG. 1994. Toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic influences on endocrine disruption by polychlorinated biphenyls. Environ Health Perspect 102(6-7):568-571. Link.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2-bis ( 2 , 4-dihydroxyphenyl ) ethane-1 , 2-dione
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
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Ayres DC, Tamm C, Raphael RA, et al. 1994. Dictionary of Natural Products, Volume 1 (p680). Chapman & Hall Chemical Database Link
Wadkins RM, Hyatt JL, Wei X, Yoon KJ, Wierdl M, Edwards CC, Morton CL, Obenauer JC, Damodaran K, Beroza P, Danks MK, Potter PM. 2005. Identification and characterization of novel benzil (diphenylethane-1,2-dione) analogues as inhibitors of mammalian carboxylesterases. J Med Chem 48(8):2906-2915. DOI: 10.1021/jm049011j
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: benzophenone-2 ( BP-2 )
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kunz PY, Fent K. 2006. Multiple hormonal activities of UV filters and comparison of in vivo and in vitro estrogenic activity of ethyl-4-aminobenzoate in fish. Aquat Toxicol 79(4):305-324. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.06.016.
Kunz PY, Galicia HF, Fent K. 2006. Comparison of in vitro and in vivo estrogenic activity of UV filters in fish. Toxicol Sci 90(2):349-361 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj082.
Molina-Molina JM, Escande A, Pillon A, Gomez E, Pakdel F, Cavailles V, Olea N, Ait-Aissa S, Balaguer P. 2008. Profiling of benzophenone derivatives using fish and human estrogen receptor-specific in vitro bioassays. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 232(3):384-395. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2008.07.017.
Schmutzler C, Bacinski A, Gotthardt I, Huhne K, Ambrugger P, Klammer H, Schlecht C, Hoang-Vu C, Gruters A, Wuttke W, Jarry H, Kohrle J. 2007. The ultraviolet filter benzophenone 2 interferes with the thyroid hormone axis in rats and is a potent in vitro inhibitor of human recombinant thyroid peroxidase. Endocrinology 148(6):2835-2844. DOI: 10.1210/en.2006-1280.
Schultz TW, Seward JR, Sinks GD. 2000. Estrogenicity of benzophenones evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay: comparison of experimental and rules-based predicted activity. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(2):301-304. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620190208.
Seidlova-Wuttke D, Jarry H, Christoffel J, Rimoldi G, Wuttke W. 2005. Effects of bisphenol-A (BPA), dibutylphtalate (DBP), benzophenone-2 (BP2), procymidone (Proc), and linurone (Lin) on fat tissue, a variety of hormones and metabolic parameters: A 3 months comparison with effects of estradiol (E2) in ovariectomized (ovx) rats. Toxicology 213(1-2):13-24. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2005.05.001.
Suzuki T, Kitamura S, Khota R, Sugihara K, Fujimoto N, Ohta S. 2005. Estrogenic and antiandrogenic activities of 17 benzophenone derivatives used as UV stabilizers and sunscreens. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 203(1):9-17. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2004.07.005.
USE REFERENCES
3CCHEM. Link
Suzuki T, Kitamura S, Khota R, Sugihara K, Fujimoto N, Ohta S. 2005. Estrogenic and antiandrogenic activities of 17 benzophenone derivatives used as UV stabilizers and sunscreens. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 203(1):9-17. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2004.07.005 Get
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 16, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-99
CATEGORIES OF USE: Flame retardant, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
USE REFERENCES
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-99 metabolite
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman A, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBB-153
CATEGORIES OF USE: Flame retardant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akoso BT, Sleight SD, Nachreiner RF, Aust SD. 1982. Effects of purified polybrominated biphenyl congeners on the thyroid and pituitary glands in rats. Journal of the American College of Toxicology 1(3):23-36. DOI: 10.3109/10915818209018016.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-153
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
USE REFERENCES
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 4, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-153
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bonefeld-Jorgensen EC, Andersen HR, Rasmussen TH, Vinggaard AM. 2001. Effect of highly bioaccumulated polychlorinated biphenyl congeners on estrogen and androgen receptor activity. Toxicology 158(3):141-153. DOI: 10.1016/S0300-483X(00)00368-1.
Chu I, Villeneuve DC, Yagminas A, Lecavalier P, Poon R, Feeley M, Kennedy SW, Seegal RF, Hakansson H, Ahlborg UG, Valli VE, Bergman A. 1996. Toxicity of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl in rats: Effects following 90-day oral exposure. J Appl Toxicol 16(2):121-128. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1263(199603)16:2<121::AID-JAT320>3.0.CO;2-G.
Ness DK, Schantz SL, Moshtaghian J, Hansen LG. 1993. Effects of perinatal exposure to specific to PCB congeners on thyroid hormone concentrations and thyroid histology in the rat. Toxicol Lett 68(3):311-323. DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(93)90023-Q.
Patnode KA, Curtis LR. 1994. 2,2',4,4',5,5'- and 3,3',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl alteration of uterine progesterone and estrogen receptors coincides with embryotoxicity in mink (Mustela vison). Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 127(1):9-18. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1994.1133.
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
Schantz SL, Seo B-W, Moshtaghian J, Amin S. 1997. Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls or dioxin: do changes in thyroid function mediate effects on spatial learning? Am Zool 37(4):399-408. DOI: 10.1093/icb/37.4.399.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 12, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-100
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
USE REFERENCES
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 4, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-100 metabolite
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman A, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-155
CATEGORY OF USE: Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. (polybrominated diphenyl ethers) Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-155
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fielden MR, Chen I, Chittim B, Safe SH, Zacharewski TR. 1997. Examination of the estrogenicity of 2,4,6,2',6'-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 104), its hydroxylated metabolite 2,4,6,2',6'-pentachloro-4-biphenylol (HO-PCB 104), and a further chlorinated derivative, 2,4,6,2',4',6'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 155). Environ Health Perspect 105(11):1238-1248. DOI: 10.2307/3433904.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 12, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-48
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCDE-102 ( IUPAC ) , PCDE-35 ( unknown system )
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Rosiak KL, Seo BW, Chu I, Francis BM. 1997. Effects of maternal exposure to chlorinated diphenyl ethers on thyroid hormone concentrations in maternal and juvenile rats. Journal of Environmental Science & Health - Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes B32(3):377-393. Link.
USE REFERENCES
NICNAS. 2002. Polychlorinated diphenyl ethers. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 12, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-49
CATEGORY OF USE: Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. (polybrominated diphenyl ethers) Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-49
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
Pessah IN, Hansen LG, Albertson TE, Garner CE, Ta TA, Do Z, Kim KH and Wong PW. 2006. Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1). Chem Res Toxicol 19(1):92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-104
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fielden MR, Chen I, Chittim B, Safe SH, Zacharewski TR. 1997. Examination of the estrogenicity of 2,4,6,2',6'-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 104), its hydroxylated metabolite 2,4,6,2',6'-pentachloro-4-biphenylol (HO-PCB 104), and a further chlorinated derivative, 2,4,6,2',4',6'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 155). Environ Health Perspect 105(11):1238-1248. DOI: 10.2307/3433904.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-51
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
USE REFERENCES
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-51 metabolite
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman A, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-18
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Li MH, Hansen LG. 1995. Uterotropic and enzyme induction effects of 2,2',5-trichlorobiphenyl. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 54(4):494-500. DOI: 10.1007/BF00192590.
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-52
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Jansen HT, Cooke PS, Porcelli J, Liu T-C, Hansen LG. 1993. Estrogenic and antiestrogenic actions of PCBs in the female rat: In vitro and in vivo studies. Reprod Toxicol 7(3):237-248. DOI: 10.1016/0890-6238(93)90230-5.
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-19
CATEGORY OF USE: Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. (polybrominated diphenyl ethers) Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-96
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
Pessah IN, Hansen LG, Albertson TE, Garner CE, Ta TA, Do Z, Kim KH and Wong PW. 2006. Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1). Chem Res Toxicol 19(1):92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCDE-153 ( IUPAC ) , PCDE-32 ( unknown system )
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Rosiak KL, Seo BW, Chu I, Francis BM. 1997. Effects of maternal exposure to chlorinated diphenyl ethers on thyroid hormone concentrations in maternal and juvenile rats. Journal of Environmental Science & Health - Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes B32(3):377-393. Link.
USE REFERENCES
NICNAS. 2002. Polychlorinated diphenyl ethers. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-4
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
Chapin RE, Adams J, Boekelheide K, Gray Jr. LE , Hayward SW, Lees PSJ, Mcintyre BS, Portier KM, Schnorr TM, Selevan SG, Vandenbergh JG and Woskie SR. 2008. NTP-CERHR expert panel report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of bisphenol A. Birth Defects Research Part B-Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology 83(3): 157-395. DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.20147
Terasaki M, Shiraishi F, Nishikawa T, Edmonds JS, Morita M and Makino M. 2005. Estrogenic activity of impurities in industrial grade bisphenol A. Environ Sci Technol 39(10):3703-3707. DOI: 10.1021/es048932g
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-170
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
Pessah IN, Hansen LG, Albertson TE, Garner CE, Ta TA, Do Z, Kim KH and Wong PW. 2006. Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1). Chem Res Toxicol 19(1):92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-187
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
Pessah IN, Hansen LG, Albertson TE, Garner CE, Ta TA, Do Z, Kim KH and Wong PW. 2006. Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1). Chem Res Toxicol 19(1):92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-151
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
Pessah IN, Hansen LG, Albertson TE, Garner CE, Ta TA, Do Z, Kim KH and Wong PW. 2006. Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1). Chem Res Toxicol 19(1):92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-101
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
Pessah IN, Hansen LG, Albertson TE, Garner CE, Ta TA, Do Z, Kim KH and Wong PW. 2006. Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1). Chem Res Toxicol 19(1):92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: benzo[b]fluorene
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7.
Tran DQ, Ide CF, McLachlan JA, Arnold SF. 1996. The anti-estrogenic activity of selected polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in yeast expressing human estrogen receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 229(1):102-108. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1764.
USE REFERENCES
WHO. 1998. Selected Non-heterocyclic Policyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Environmental Health Criteria 202. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 17, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3-dichloro-7 , 8-dibromodibenzo-p-dioxin
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Zacharewski T, Denomme MA, Safe L, Safe S. 1987. Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and related compounds: Quantitative in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 44(3):245-255. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(87)90027-8.
Schulz-Schalge T, Koch E, Schwind KH, Hutzinger O, Neubert D. 1991. Inductive potency of TCDD, TBDD and three 2,3,7,8-mixed-halogenated dioxins in liver microsomes of male rats. Enzyme kinetic considerations. Chemosphere 23(11-12):1925-1931. DOI: 10.1016/0045-6535(91)90040-K.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Zacharewski T, Denomme MA, Safe L, Safe S. 1987. Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and related compounds: Quantitative in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 44(3):245-255. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(87)90027-8
Schulz-Schalge T, Koch E, Schwind KH, Hutzinger O, Neubert D. 1991. Inductive potency of TCDD, TBDD and three 2,3,7,8-mixed-halogenated dioxins in liver microsomes of male rats. Enzyme kinetic considerations. Chemosphere 23(11-12):1925-1931. DOI: 10.1016/0045-6535(91)90040-K
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 10, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3-DiCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCN-10, 2 , 3-DiCN
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Behnisch PA, Hosoe K, Sakai S. 2003. Brominated dioxin-like compounds: In vitro assessment in comparison to classical dioxin-like compounds and other polyaromatic compounds. Environment International 29(6):861-877. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00105-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bidleman T F, Helm PA, Braune BM and Gabrielsen GW. 2010. Polychlorinated naphthalenes in polar environments--a review. Sci Total Environ 408(15):2919-2935. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.013
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
van den Berg KJ. 1990. Interaction of chlorinated phenols with thyroxine binding sites of human transthyretin, albumin and thyroid binding globulin. Chem Biol Interact 76(1):63-75. DOI: 10.1016/0009-2797(90)90034-K.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Terasaki M, Shiraishi F, Nishikawa T, Edmonds JS, Morita M, Makino M. 2005. Estrogenic activity of impurities in industrial grade bisphenol A. Environ Sci Technol 39(10):3703-3707. DOI: 10.1021/es048932g.
USE REFERENCES
Chapin RE, Adams J, Boekelheide K, Gray Jr. LE , Hayward SW, Lees PSJ, Mcintyre BS, Portier KM, Schnorr TM, Selevan SG, Vandenbergh JG and Woskie SR. 2008. NTP-CERHR expert panel report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of bisphenol A. Birth Defects Research Part B-Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology 83(3): 157-395. DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.20147
Terasaki M, Shiraishi F, Nishikawa T, Edmonds JS, Morita M and Makino M. 2005. Estrogenic activity of impurities in industrial grade bisphenol A. Environ Sci Technol 39(10):3703-3707. DOI: 10.1021/es048932g
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lindsay RH, Hill JB, Gaitan E, Cooksey RC, Jolley RL. 1992. Antithyroid effects of coal-derived pollutants. J Toxicol Environ Health 37(4):467-481. DOI: 10.1080/15287399209531686.
USE REFERENCES
Lindsay RH, Hill JB, Gaitan E, Cooksey RC, Jolley RL. 1992. Antithyroid effects of coal-derived pollutants. J Toxicol Environ Health 37(4):467-481. DOI: 10.1080/15287399209531686
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: glycidol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Brown-Woodman PD, White IG, Ridley DD. 1979. The antifertility activity and toxicity of alpha-chlorohydrin derivatives in male rats. Contraception 19(5):517-525 DOI: 10.1016/0010-7824(79)90066-0.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-105
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Krishnan V, Safe S. 1993. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) as antiestrogens in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells: quantitative structure-activity relationships. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 120(1):55-61. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1993.1086.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-156
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Krishnan V, Safe S. 1993. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) as antiestrogens in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells: quantitative structure-activity relationships. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 120(1):55-61. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1993.1086.
Van Birgelen APJM, Smit EA, Kampen IM, Groeneveld CN, Fase KM, Van der Kolk J, Poiger H, Van den Berg M, Koeman JH, Brouwer A. 1995. Subchronic effects of 2,3,7,8-TCDD or PCBs on thyroid hormone metabolism - Use in risk assessment. European Journal of Pharmacology - Environmental Toxicology & Pharmacology Section 293(1):77-85. DOI: 10.1016/0926-6917(95)90021-7 Get .
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-190
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
USE REFERENCES
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 4, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-159
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
Pessah IN, Hansen LG, Albertson TE, Garner CE, Ta TA, Do Z, Kim KH and Wong PW. 2006. Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1). Chem Res Toxicol 19(1):92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-163
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
Pessah IN, Hansen LG, Albertson TE, Garner CE, Ta TA, Do Z, Kim KH and Wong PW. 2006. Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1). Chem Res Toxicol 19(1):92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-111
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
Pessah IN, Hansen LG, Albertson TE, Garner CE, Ta TA, Do Z, Kim KH and Wong PW. 2006. Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1). Chem Res Toxicol 19(1):92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-110
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
Pessah IN, Hansen LG, Albertson TE, Garner CE, Ta TA, Do Z, Kim KH and Wong PW. 2006. Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1). Chem Res Toxicol 19(1):92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-21
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3 , 4-TriCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
den Besten C, Vet JJRM, Besselink HT, Kiel GS, Beems R, van Bladeren PJV. 1991. The liver, kidney, and thyroid toxicity of chlorinated benzenes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 111(1):69-81. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(91)90135-2.
USE REFERENCES
Bogaards JJ, van Ommen B, Wolf CR, van Bladeren PJ. 1995. Human cytochrome P450 enzyme selectivities in the oxidation of chlorinated benzenes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 132(1):44-52. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1085
Macholz RM, Knoll R, Lewerenz HJ, Petrzika M, Engst R. 1982. Metabolism of alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane. Free metabolites in urine and organs of rats. Xenobiotica 12(4):227-231. DOI: 10.3109/00498258209052460
Schenk T, Muller R, Morsberger F, Otto MK, Lingens F. 1989. Enzymatic dehalogenation of pentachlorophenol by extracts from Arthrobacter sp. strain ATCC 33790. J Bacteriol 171(10):5487-5491. DOI: 10.1128/jb.171.10.5487-5491.1989
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: gallobenzophenone
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kawamura Y, Mutsuga M, Kato T, Iida M, Tanamoto K. 2005. Estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities of benzophenones in human estrogen and androgen receptor mediated mammalian reporter gene assays. Journal of Health Science 51(1):48-54. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.51.48.
Kawamura Y, Ogawa Y, Nishimura T, Kikuchi Y, Nishikawa J, Nishihara T, Tanamoto K. 2003. Estrogenic activities of UV stabilizers used in food contact plastics and benzophenone derivatives tested by the yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(3):205-212. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.205.
Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Oda H, Miwa G, Nishikawa J , Nishihara T, Nakazawa H, Hori S. 2003. Estrogenicity of metabolites of benzophenone derivatives examined by a yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(2):91-98. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.91.
USE REFERENCES
Kawamura Y, Ogawa Y, Nishimura T, Kikuchi Y, Nishikawa J, Nishihara T and Tanamoto K. 2003. Estrogenic activities of UV stabilizers used in food contact plastics and benzophenone derivatives tested by the yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(3): 205-212. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.205
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kawamura Y, Mutsuga M, Kato T, Iida M, Tanamoto K. 2005. Estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities of benzophenones in human estrogen and androgen receptor mediated mammalian reporter gene assays. Journal of Health Science 51(1):48-54. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.51.48.
Kawamura Y, Ogawa Y, Nishimura T, Kikuchi Y, Nishikawa J, Nishihara T, Tanamoto K. 2003. Estrogenic activities of UV stabilizers used in food contact plastics and benzophenone derivatives tested by the yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(3):205-212. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.205.
USE REFERENCES
Kawamura Y, Ogawa Y, Nishimura T, Kikuchi Y, Nishikawa J, Nishihara T and Tanamoto K. 2003. Estrogenic activities of UV stabilizers used in food contact plastics and benzophenone derivatives tested by the yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(3): 205-212. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.205
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-114
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T, Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3.
Krishnan V, Safe S. 1993. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) as antiestrogens in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells: quantitative structure-activity relationships. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 120(1):55-61. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1993.1086.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-166
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
USE REFERENCES
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-166 metabolite
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman A, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-61
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
den Besten C, Vet JJRM, Besselink HT, Kiel GS, Beems R, van Bladeren PJV. 1991. The liver, kidney, and thyroid toxicity of chlorinated benzenes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 111(1):69-81. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(91)90135-2.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2001. Toxicological Profile for Pentachlorophenol. Link
Chu I, Villeneuve DC, Viau A, Barnes CR, Benoit FM, Qin YH. 1984. Metabolism of 1,2,3,4-, 1,2,3,5-, and 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene in the rat. J Toxicol Environ Health 13(4-6):777-786. DOI: 10.1080/15287398409530539
Johnston JJ, Furcolow CA, Kimball BA. 1997. Identification of metabolites of pentachlorobenzene and 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene in coyote feces: development of physiological markers for wildlife damage control. Pestic Sci 50:249-257. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199707)50:3<249::AID-PS583>3.0.CO;2-H
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-116
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3 , 4 , 6-TCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 8-HxCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3 , 4 , 7-TCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-PeCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
Harris M, Zacharewski T, Safe S. 1990. Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and related compounds on the occupied nuclear estrogen receptor in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 50(12):3579-3584. Link.
Krishnan V, Safe S. 1993. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) as antiestrogens in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells: quantitative structure-activity relationships. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 120(1):55-61. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1993.1086.
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3 , 4 , 8-TCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: TCMSP
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nakama A, Funasaka K, Shimizu M. 2007. Evaluation of estrogenic activity of organic biocides using ER-binding and YES assay. Food Chem Toxicol 45(9):1558-1564. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.02.014.
USE REFERENCES
National Pesticide Information Retrieval System . Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-65
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
den Besten C, Vet JJRM, Besselink HT, Kiel GS, Beems R, van Bladeren PJV. 1991. The liver, kidney, and thyroid toxicity of chlorinated benzenes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 111(1):69-81. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(91)90135-2.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. Toxicological Profile for Pentachlorophenol. Link
National Pesticide Information Retrieval System. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-24
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
den Besten C, Vet JJRM, Besselink HT, Kiel GS, Beems R, van Bladeren PJV. 1991. The liver, kidney, and thyroid toxicity of chlorinated benzenes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 111(1):69-81. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(91)90135-2.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCN-48, 2 , 3 , 6 , 7-TCN
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Behnisch PA, Hosoe K, Sakai S. 2003. Brominated dioxin-like compounds: In vitro assessment in comparison to classical dioxin-like compounds and other polyaromatic compounds. Environment International 29(6):861-877. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00105-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bidleman T F, Helm PA, Braune BM and Gabrielsen GW. 2010. Polychlorinated naphthalenes in polar environments--a review. Sci Total Environ 408(15):2919-2935. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.013
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3 , 6 , 8-TCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2-chloro-3 , 7 , 8-tribromodibenzo-p-dioxin
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schulz-Schalge T, Koch E, Schwind KH, Hutzinger O, Neubert D. 1991. Inductive potency of TCDD, TBDD and three 2,3,7,8-mixed-halogenated dioxins in liver microsomes of male rats. Enzyme kinetic considerations. Chemosphere 23(11-12):1925-1931. DOI: 10.1016/0045-6535(91)90040-K.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Zacharewski T, Denomme MA, Safe L, Safe S. 1987. Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and related compounds: Quantitative in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 44(3):245-255. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(87)90027-8
Schulz-Schalge T, Koch E, Schwind KH, Hutzinger O, Neubert D. 1991. Inductive potency of TCDD, TBDD and three 2,3,7,8-mixed-halogenated dioxins in liver microsomes of male rats. Enzyme kinetic considerations. Chemosphere 23(11-12):1925-1931. DOI: 10.1016/0045-6535(91)90040-K
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3 , 7-TriBDD
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217.
USE REFERENCES
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3 , 7-triCDD
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Farrell K, Keys B, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Safe L, Safe S. 1986. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: Quantitative in vitro and in vivo structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 41(1):21-31. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90101-0.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Farrell K, Keys B, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Safe L and Safe S. 1986. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: Quantitative in vitro and in vivo structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 41(1): 21-31. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90101-0
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-TBDD
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217.
Ivens IA, Loser E, Rinke M, Schmidt U, Mohr U. 1993. Subchronic toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrabromodibenzo-p-dioxin in rats. Toxicology 83(1-3):181-201. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(93)90101-W.
Kedderis LB, Diliberto JJ, Jackson JA, Linko P, Goldstein JA, Birnbaum LS. 1992. Effects of dose and route of exposure on dioxin disposition. Chemosphere 25(1-2):7-10. DOI: 10.1016/0045-6535(92)90467-6.
USE REFERENCES
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-TBDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217.
USE REFERENCES
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-TCDD
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hojo R, Zareba G, Kai JW, Baggs RB, Weiss B. 2006. Sex-specific alterations of cerebral cortical cell size in rats exposed prenatally to dioxin. J Appl Toxicol 26(1):25-34. DOI: 10.1002/jat.1101.
Jablonska O, Piasecka J, Petroff BK, Nynca A, Siawrys G, Wasowska B, Zmijewska A, Lewczuk B, Ciereszko RE. 2011. In vitro effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on ovarian, pituitary, and pineal function in pigs. Theriogenology 76(5):921-932. DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.04.023.
Kurita H, Yoshioka W, Nishimura N, Kubota N, Kadowaki T, Tohyama C. 2009. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in mice. J Appl Toxicol 29(8):689-694. DOI: 10.1002/jat.1459.
Nishimura N, Yonemoto J, Miyabara Y, Fujii-Kuriyama Y, Tohyama C. 2005. Altered thyroxin and retinoid metabolic response to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in aryl hydrocarbon receptor-null mice. Arch Toxicol 79(5):260-267. DOI: 10.1007/s00204-004-0626-4.
Shi ZQ, Valdez KE, Ting AY, Franczak A, Gum SL, Petroff BK. 2007. Ovarian endocrine disruption underlies premature reproductive senescence following environmentally relevant chronic exposure to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Biol Reprod 76(2):198-202. DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.106.053991.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-TCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
Gierthy JF, Lincoln DW, Gillespie MB, Seeger JI, Martinez HI, Dickerman HW, Kumar SA. 1987. Suppression of estrogen-regulated extracellular tissue plasminogen activator activity of MCF-7 cells by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Cancer Res 47(23):6198-6203. Link.
Harper N, Wang X, Liu H, Safe S. 1994. Inhibition of estrogen-induced progesterone receptor in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells by aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor agonists. Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology 104(1):47-55. DOI: 10.1016/0303-7207(94)90050-7.
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: TFDD
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schmitz HJ, Weber R, Hagenmaier A, Hagenmaier H, Poellinger L, Schrenk D. 1997. 2,3,7,8-tetrafluorodibenzo-p-dioxin: a potent agonist of the murine dioxin receptor. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 3(2):105-113. DOI: 10.1016/S1382-6689(96)00146-9.
USE REFERENCES
Schmitz HJ, Weber R, Hagenmaier A, Hagenmaier H, Poellinger L and Schrenk D. 1997. 2,3,7,8-tetrafluorodibenzo-p-dioxin: a potent agonist of the murine dioxin receptor. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 3(2):105-113. DOI: 10.1016/S1382-6689(96)00146-9
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3 , 8-TriCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kawamura Y, Mutsuga M, Kato T, Iida M, Tanamoto K. 2005. Estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities of benzophenones in human estrogen and androgen receptor mediated mammalian reporter gene assays. Journal of Health Science 51(1):48-54. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.51.48.
Kawamura Y, Ogawa Y, Nishimura T, Kikuchi Y, Nishikawa J, Nishihara T, Tanamoto K. 2003. Estrogenic activities of UV stabilizers used in food contact plastics and benzophenone derivatives tested by the yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(3):205-212. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.205.
USE REFERENCES
Kawamura Y, Ogawa Y, Nishimura T, Kikuchi Y, Nishikawa J, Nishihara T and Tanamoto K. 2003. Estrogenic activities of UV stabilizers used in food contact plastics and benzophenone derivatives tested by the yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(3): 205-212. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.205
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-118
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Ness DK, Schantz SL, Moshtaghian J, Hansen LG. 1993. Effects of perinatal exposure to specific to PCB congeners on thyroid hormone concentrations and thyroid histology in the rat. Toxicol Lett 68(3):311-323. DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(93)90023-Q.
Schantz SL, Seo B-W, Moshtaghian J, Amin S. 1997. Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls or dioxin: do changes in thyroid function mediate effects on spatial learning? Am Zool 37(4):399-408. DOI: 10.1093/icb/37.4.399.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBB-167
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akoso BT, Sleight SD, Nachreiner RF, Aust SD. 1982. Effects of purified polybrominated biphenyl congeners on the thyroid and pituitary glands in rats. Journal of the American College of Toxicology 1(3):23-36. DOI: 10.3109/10915818209018016.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-123
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Jones JM, Anderson JW. 1999. Relative potencies of PAHs and PCBs based on the response of human cells. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 7(1):19-26. DOI: 10.1016/S1382-6689(98)00045-3.
USE REFERENCES
United Nations Environment Programme. 1991. Guidelines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-119
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
USE REFERENCES
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-119 metabolite
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman A, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-71
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
USE REFERENCES
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-71 metabolite
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman A, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: PCDE-71 ( IUPAC ) , PCDE-37 ( unknown system )
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Rosiak KL, Seo BW, Chu I, Francis BM. 1997. Effects of maternal exposure to chlorinated diphenyl ethers on thyroid hormone concentrations in maternal and juvenile rats. Journal of Environmental Science & Health - Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes B32(3):377-393. Link.
USE REFERENCES
NICNAS. 2002. Polychlorinated diphenyl ethers. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-26
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-27
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
Pessah IN, Hansen LG, Albertson TE, Garner CE, Ta TA, Do Z, Kim KH and Wong PW. 2006. Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1). Chem Res Toxicol 19(1):92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-70
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Pessah, I. N., L. G. Hansen, T. E. Albertson, C. E. Garner, T. A. Ta, Z. Do, K. H. Kim and P. W. Wong (2006). "Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1)." Chem Res Toxicol 19(1): 92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m.
USE REFERENCES
Pessah IN, Hansen LG, Albertson TE, Garner CE, Ta TA, Do Z, Kim KH and Wong PW. 2006. Structure-activity relationship for noncoplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners toward the ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel complex type 1 (RyR1). Chem Res Toxicol 19(1):92-101. DOI: 10.1021/tx050196m
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Terasaki M, Shiraishi F, Nishikawa T, Edmonds JS, Morita M, Makino M. 2005. Estrogenic activity of impurities in industrial grade bisphenol A. Environ Sci Technol 39(10):3703-3707. DOI: 10.1021/es048932g.
USE REFERENCES
Chapin RE, Adams J, Boekelheide K, Gray Jr. LE , Hayward SW, Lees PSJ, Mcintyre BS, Portier KM, Schnorr TM, Selevan SG, Vandenbergh JG and Woskie SR. 2008. NTP-CERHR expert panel report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of bisphenol A. Birth Defects Research Part B-Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology 83(3): 157-395. DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.20147
Terasaki M, Shiraishi F, Nishikawa T, Edmonds JS, Morita M and Makino M. 2005. Estrogenic activity of impurities in industrial grade bisphenol A. Environ Sci Technol 39(10):3703-3707. DOI: 10.1021/es048932g
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Satoh K, Nonaka R, Ohyama KI, Nagai F, Ogata A, Iida M. 2008. Endocrine disruptive effects of chemicals eluted from nitrite-butadiene rubber gloves using reporter gene assay systems. Biol Pharm Bull 31(3):375-379. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.375.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 4-D
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cheney MA, Fiorillo R, Criddle RS. 1997. Herbicide and estrogen effects on the metabolic activity of Elliptio complanata measured by calorespirometry. Comp Biochem Physiol C Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol 118(2):159-164. DOI: 10.1016/S0742-8413(97)00102-3.
Florsheim WH, Velcoff SM. 1962. Some effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on thyroid function in the rat: Effects on iodine accumulation. Endocrinology 71(1):1-6. DOI: 10.1210/endo-71-1-1.
Goldner WS, Sandler DP, Yu F, Shostrom V, Hoppin JA, Kamel F, LeVan TD. Hypothyroidism and pesticide use among male private pesticide applicators in the agricultural health study. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine/American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2013 Oct;55(10):1171. DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31829b290b.
Kanayama T, Kobayashi N, Mamiya S, Nakanishi T, Nishikawa J. 2005. Organotin compounds promote adipocyte differentiation as agonists of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor [gamma]/retinoid X receptor pathway. Mol Pharmacol 67(3):766-774. DOI: 10.1124/mol.104.008409 .
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2 , 4-D-butotyl, 2 , 4-D-isobutoxyethanol ester [sic]
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Rodriguez EM, Schuldt M, Romano L. 1994. Chronic histopathological effects of parathion and 2,4-D on female gonads of Chasmagnathus granulata (Decapoda, Brachyura). Food & Chemical Toxicology 32(9):811-818. DOI: 10.1016/0278-6915(94)90157-0.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 4-D-butyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Evangelista de Duffard AM, de Alderete MN, Duffard R. 1990. Changes in brain serotonin and 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid levels induced by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic butyl ester. Toxicology 64(3):265-270. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(90)90119-2.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 4-DB
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: benzophenone-1 ( BP-1 ) , resbenzophenone, ( 2 , 4-dihydroxyphenyl ) phenyl-methanone
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Metabolite/Degradate, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kunz PY, Galicia HF, Fent K. 2006. Comparison of in vitro and in vivo estrogenic activity of UV filters in fish. Toxicol Sci 90(2):349-361 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj082.
Molina-Molina JM, Escande A, Pillon A, Gomez E, Pakdel F, Cavailles V, Olea N, Ait-Aissa S, Balaguer P. 2008. Profiling of benzophenone derivatives using fish and human estrogen receptor-specific in vitro bioassays. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 232(3):384-395. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2008.07.017.
Nakagawa Y, Suzuki T. 2002. Metabolism of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone in isolated rat hepatocytes and xenoestrogenic effects of its metabolites on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Chem Biol Interact 139(2):115-128. DOI: 10.1016/S0009-2797(01)00293-9.
Schlumpf M, Schmid P, Durrer S, Conscience M, Maerkel K, Henseler M, Gruetter M, Herzog I, Reolon S, Ceccatelli R, Faass O, Stutz E, Jarry H, Wuttke W, Lichtensteiger W. 2004. Endocrine activity and developmental toxicity of cosmetic UV filters - an update. Toxicology 205(1-2):113-122. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2004.06.043.
Suzuki T, Kitamura S, Khota R, Sugihara K, Fujimoto N, Ohta S. 2005. Estrogenic and antiandrogenic activities of 17 benzophenone derivatives used as UV stabilizers and sunscreens. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 203(1):9-17. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2004.07.005.
Yamasaki K, Noda S, Imatanaka N, Yakabe Y. 2004. Comparative study of the uterotrophic potency of 14 chemicals in a uterotrophic assay and their receptor-binding affinity. Toxicol Lett 146(2):111-120. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2003.07.003.
USE REFERENCES
Kawamura Y, Ogawa Y, Nishimura T, Kikuchi Y, Nishikawa J, Nishihara T, Tanamoto K. 2003. Estrogenic activities of UV stabilizers used in food contact plastics and benzophenone derivatives tested by the yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(3):205-212. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.205
National Pesticide Information Retrieval System. Link
Suzuki T, Kitamura S, Khota R, Sugihara K, Fujimoto N, Ohta S. 2005. Estrogenic and antiandrogenic activities of 17 benzophenone derivatives used as UV stabilizers and sunscreens. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 203(1):9-17. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2004.07.005 Get
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: February 19, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lindsay RH, Hill JB, Gaitan E, Cooksey RC, Jolley RL. 1992. Antithyroid effects of coal-derived pollutants. J Toxicol Environ Health 37(4):467-481. DOI: 10.1080/15287399209531686.
USE REFERENCES
Lindsay RH, Hill JB, Gaitan E, Cooksey RC, Jolley RL. 1992. Antithyroid effects of coal-derived pollutants. J Toxicol Environ Health 37(4):467-481. DOI: 10.1080/15287399209531686
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metal/Metallurgy, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bloch E, Gondos B, Gatz M, Varma SK, Thysen B. 1988. Reproductive toxicity of 2,4-dinitrotoluene in the rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 94(3):466-472. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(88)90287-6.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: styrene dimer SD-2, ( 2 , 4-diphenyl-1-betene: misspelling )
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Satoh K, Nagai F, Aoki N. 2001. Several environmental pollutants have binding affinities for both androgen receptor and estrogen receptor α. Journal of Health Science 47(5):495-501. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.47.495.
USE REFERENCES
Ohyama K-I, Nagai F, Tsuchiya Y. 2001. Certain styrene oligomers have proliferative activity on MCF-7 human breast tumor cells and binding affinity for human estrogen receptor. Environ Health Perspect 109(7):699-703. DOI: 10.2307/3454786
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 4-trans-[ ( PhMeSiO ) 2 ( Me2SiO ) ]
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hayden JF, Barlow SA. 1972. Structure-activity relationships of organosiloxanes and the female reproductive system. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 21(1):68-79. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(72)90028-2.
USE REFERENCES
Hayden JF, Barlow SA. 1972. Structure-activity relationships of organosiloxanes and the female reproductive system. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 21(1):68-79. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(72)90028-2
LookChem Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: November 2, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-28
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
USE REFERENCES
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-28 metabolite
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman A, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-28
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Chu I, Villeneuve DC, Yagminas A, Lecavalier P, Poon R, Hakansson H, Ahlborg UG, Valli VE, Kennedy SW, Bergman A, Seegal RF, Feeley M. 1996. Toxicity of 2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl in rats following 90-day dietary exposure. J Toxicol Environ Health 49(3):301-318. DOI: 10.1080/00984108.1996.11667603.
Ness DK, Schantz SL, Moshtaghian J, Hansen LG. 1993. Effects of perinatal exposure to specific to PCB congeners on thyroid hormone concentrations and thyroid histology in the rat. Toxicol Lett 68(3):311-323. DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(93)90023-Q.
Schantz SL, Seo B-W, Moshtaghian J, Amin S. 1997. Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls or dioxin: do changes in thyroid function mediate effects on spatial learning? Am Zool 37(4):399-408. DOI: 10.1093/icb/37.4.399.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 23, 2013
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
Kunz PY, Galicia HF, Fent K. 2006. Comparison of in vitro and in vivo estrogenic activity of UV filters in fish. Toxicol Sci 90(2):349-361 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj082.
Schultz TW, Seward JR, Sinks GD. 2000. Estrogenicity of benzophenones evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay: comparison of experimental and rules-based predicted activity. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(2):301-304. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620190208.
USE REFERENCES
Molina-Molina JM, Escande A, Pillon A, Gomez E, Pakdel F, Cavailles V, Olea N, Ait-Aissa S, Balaguer P. 2008. Profiling of benzophenone derivatives using fish and human estrogen receptor-specific in vitro bioassays. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 232(3):384-395. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2008.07.017
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-75
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
USE REFERENCES
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-75 metabolite
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman A, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-75
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
den Besten C, Vet JJRM, Besselink HT, Kiel GS, Beems R, van Bladeren PJV. 1991. The liver, kidney, and thyroid toxicity of chlorinated benzenes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 111(1):69-81. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(91)90135-2.
van den Berg KJ. 1990. Interaction of chlorinated phenols with thyroxine binding sites of human transthyretin, albumin and thyroid binding globulin. Chem Biol Interact 76(1):63-75. DOI: 10.1016/0009-2797(90)90034-K.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 4 , 5-T
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Goldner WS, Sandler DP, Yu F, Shostrom V, Hoppin JA, Kamel F, LeVan TD. Hypothyroidism and pesticide use among male private pesticide applicators in the agricultural health study. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine/American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2013 Oct;55(10):1171. DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31829b290b.
Kim CS, Keizer RF, Ambrose WW, Breese GR. 1987. Effects of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid and quinolinic acid on 5- hydroxy-3-indoleacetic acid transport by the rabbit choroid plexus: pharmacology and electron microscopic cytochemistry. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 90(3):436-444. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(87)90136-0.
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 4 , 5-T-methyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). (2,4,5-T). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 4 , 6-tris ( 1 , 1-dimethylethyl ) phenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Tollefsen KE, Eikvar S, Finne EF, Fogelberg O, Gregersen IK. 2008. Estrogenicity of alkylphenols and alkylated non-phenolics in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) primary hepatocyte culture. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 71(2):370-383. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.006.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-30
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
USE REFERENCES
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-30 metabolite
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman A, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 4, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-30
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gierthy JF, Arcaro KF, Floyd M. 1997. Assessment of PCB estrogenicity in a human breast cancer cell line. Chemosphere 34(5-7):1495-1505. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00446-3.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
van den Berg KJ. 1990. Interaction of chlorinated phenols with thyroxine binding sites of human transthyretin, albumin and thyroid binding globulin. Chem Biol Interact 76(1):63-75. DOI: 10.1016/0009-2797(90)90034-K.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Araki N, Ohno K, Nakai M, Takeyoshi M, Iida M. 2005. Screening for androgen receptor activities in 253 industrial chemicals by in vitro reporter gene assays using AR-EcoScreen cells. Toxicol In Vitro 19(6):831-842. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.04.009.
USE REFERENCES
Araki N, Ohno K, Nakai M, Takeyoshi M, Iida M. 2005. Screening for androgen receptor activities in 253 industrial chemicals by in vitro reporter gene assays using AR-EcoScreen cells. Toxicol In Vitro 19(6):831-842. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.04.009
DATE ADDED: September 20, 2013 DATE UPDATED: September 20, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: styrene trimer ST-1 ( 2 , 4 , 6-triphenyl-1-hexane: misspelling )
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Ohyama K-I, Nagai F, Tsuchiya Y. 2001. Certain styrene oligomers have proliferative activity on MCF-7 human breast tumor cells and binding affinity for human estrogen receptor. Environ Health Perspect 109(7):699-703. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Ohyama K-I, Nagai F, Tsuchiya Y. 2001. Certain styrene oligomers have proliferative activity on MCF-7 human breast tumor cells and binding affinity for human estrogen receptor. Environ Health Perspect 109(7):699-703. DOI: 10.2307/3454786
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 24, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-8
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Terasaki M, Shiraishi F, Nishikawa T, Edmonds JS, Morita M, Makino M. 2005. Estrogenic activity of impurities in industrial grade bisphenol A. Environ Sci Technol 39(10):3703-3707. DOI: 10.1021/es048932g.
USE REFERENCES
Chapin RE, Adams J, Boekelheide K, Gray Jr. LE , Hayward SW, Lees PSJ, Mcintyre BS, Portier KM, Schnorr TM, Selevan SG, Vandenbergh JG and Woskie SR. 2008. NTP-CERHR expert panel report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of bisphenol A. Birth Defects Research Part B-Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology 83(3): 157-395. DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.20147
Terasaki M, Shiraishi F, Nishikawa T, Edmonds JS, Morita M and Makino M. 2005. Estrogenic activity of impurities in industrial grade bisphenol A. Environ Sci Technol 39(10):3703-3707. DOI: 10.1021/es048932g
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-32
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
USE REFERENCES
WHO. 1994. Brominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Health Criteria 162. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-32 metabolite
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman A, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-9
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gierthy JF, Arcaro KF, Floyd M. 1997. Assessment of PCB estrogenicity in a human breast cancer cell line. Chemosphere 34(5-7):1495-1505. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00446-3.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PhMe[SiCH2CH2SiMePhO]
CATEGORY OF USE: Use/Source not available
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hayden JF, Barlow SA. 1972. Structure-activity relationships of organosiloxanes and the female reproductive system. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 21(1):68-79. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(72)90028-2.
DATE ADDED: October 26, 2015 DATE UPDATED: October 26, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metal/Metallurgy, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Linder RE, Strader LF, Slott VL, Suarez JD. 1992. Endpoints of spermatotoxicity in the rat after short duration exposures to fourteen reproductive toxicants. Reprod Toxicol 6(6):491-505. DOI: 10.1016/0890-6238(92)90034-Q.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2 , 6-cis-[ ( PhMeSiO ) 2 ( Me2SiO ) 2], quadrosilan, cisobitan, KABI-1774
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Aire TA, Ikegwuonu FI, Heath EH. 1979. Effect of 2,6-cis-diphenylhexamethylcyclotetrasiloxane on the reproductive organs of male mice. Arch Androl 2(4):371-374. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(72)90029-4.
Albanus L, Bjorklund NE, Gustafsson B, Jonsson M. 1975. Forty days oral toxicity of 2,6-cis-diphenylhexamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (KABI 1774)in beagle dogs with special reference to effects on the male reproductive system. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh) 36(Suppl 3):93-130. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1975.tb03087.x.
Hayden JF, Barlow SA. 1972. Structure-activity relationships of organosiloxanes and the female reproductive system. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 21(1):68-79. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(72)90028-2.
Le Vier RR, Boley WF. 1975. The antigonadotropic activity of an organosiloxane in the male rat: 2,6-cis-diphenylhexamethylcyclotetrasiloxane. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh) 36(Suppl 3):55-67. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1975.tb03084.x.
LeVier RR, Jankowiak ME. 1972. The hormonal and antifertility activity of 2,6-cis-diphenyl?hexamethylcyclotetrasiloxane in the female rat. Biol Reprod 7(2):260-266 [republished as Le Vier RR, Jankowiak ME. 1975. The hormonal and antifertility activity of 2,6-cis-diphenylhexa-methylcyclotetrasiloxane in the female rat. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh) 36(Suppl 3):81-92]. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1975.tb03086.x.
Nicander L. 1975. Changes produced in the male genital organs of rabbits and dogs by 2,6-cis-diphenylhexamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (KABI 1774). Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh) 36(Suppl 3):40-54. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1975.tb03083.x.
USE REFERENCES
Dow Corning Corporation. MSDS - 33 Extreme Low Temperature Bearing Grease, Light Link
Englebienne P, Van Hoonacker A, Herst CV. 2005. The place of the bioisosteric sila-substitution in drug design. Drug Design Reviews - Online 2(6):467-483. DOI: 10.2174/1567269054867031
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: November 2, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: "T4-HO-BDE"
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.01109399
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95
DATE ADDED: January 31, 2013 DATE UPDATED: September 20, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-10
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 6-DiCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
den Besten C, Vet JJRM, Besselink HT, Kiel GS, Beems R, van Bladeren PJV. 1991. The liver, kidney, and thyroid toxicity of chlorinated benzenes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 111(1):69-81. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(91)90135-2.
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
van den Berg KJ. 1990. Interaction of chlorinated phenols with thyroxine binding sites of human transthyretin, albumin and thyroid binding globulin. Chem Biol Interact 76(1):63-75. DOI: 10.1016/0009-2797(90)90034-K.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Oh SM, Kim HR, Chung KH. 2009 Oct. In vitro estrogenic and antiestrogenic potential of chlorostyrenes. Toxicol In Vitro 23(7):1242-1248. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2009.07.032.
USE REFERENCES
Oh SM, Kim HR and Chung KH. 2009. In vitro estrogenic and antiestrogenic potential of chlorostyrenes. Toxicol In Vitro 23(7):1242-1248. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2009.07.032
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N, Hashimoto S. 2005. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environ Toxicol Chem 24(8):1984-1993. DOI: 10.1897/04-310R.1.
Matsuda H, Shimoda H, Morikawa T, Yoshikawa M. 2001. Phytoestrogens from the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum (Polygonaceae): structure-requirement of hydroxyanthraquinones for estrogenic activity. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 11(14):1839-1842. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-894X(01)00318-3.
USE REFERENCES
Matsuda H, Shimoda H, Morikawa T, Yoshikawa M. 2001. Phytoestrogens from the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum (Polygonaceae): structure-requirement of hydroxyanthraquinones for estrogenic activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 11(14):1839-1842. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-894X(01)00318-3
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lindsay RH, Hill JB, Gaitan E, Cooksey RC, Jolley RL. 1992. Antithyroid effects of coal-derived pollutants. J Toxicol Environ Health 37(4):467-481. DOI: 10.1080/15287399209531686.
USE REFERENCES
Lindsay RH, Hill JB, Gaitan E, Cooksey RC, Jolley RL. 1992. Antithyroid effects of coal-derived pollutants. J Toxicol Environ Health 37(4):467-481. DOI: 10.1080/15287399209531686
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 6-trans-[ ( PhMeSiO ) 2 ( Me2SiO ) 2]
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hayden JF, Barlow SA. 1972. Structure-activity relationships of organosiloxanes and the female reproductive system. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 21(1):68-79. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(72)90028-2.
USE REFERENCES
LookChem Link
DATE ADDED: October 26, 2015 DATE UPDATED: October 26, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 6 , 7-TriCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 7-naphthalenediol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW and Sinks GD. 2002. Xenoestrogenic gene expression: structural features of active polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Environ Toxicol Chem 21(4): 783-786. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620210414.
USE REFERENCES
Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N and Hashimoto S. 2005. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 24(8):1984-1993. DOI: 10.1897/04-310R.1
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 8-dichloro-3 , 7-dibromodibenzodioxin
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Zacharewski T, Denomme MA, Safe L, Safe S. 1987. Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and related compounds: Quantitative in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 44(3):245-255. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(87)90027-8
Schulz-Schalge T, Koch E, Schwind KH, Hutzinger O, Neubert D. 1991. Inductive potency of TCDD, TBDD and three 2,3,7,8-mixed-halogenated dioxins in liver microsomes of male rats. Enzyme kinetic considerations. Chemosphere 23(11-12):1925-1931. DOI: 10.1016/0045-6535(91)90040-K
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 10, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 8-diCDD
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mason G, Farrell K, Keys B, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Safe L, Safe S. 1986. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: Quantitative in vitro and in vivo structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 41(1):21-31. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90101-0.
USE REFERENCES
Mason G, Farrell K, Keys B, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Safe L and Safe S. 1986. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: Quantitative in vitro and in vivo structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 41(1): 21-31. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(86)90101-0
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 8-DiCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2'-OH-PCB-20
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Shiraishi F, Okumura T, Nomachi M, Serizawa S, Nishikawa J, Edmonds JS, Shiraishi H, Morita M. 2003. Estrogenic and thyroid hormone activity of a series of hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyls. Chemosphere 52(1):33-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00261-3.
USE REFERENCES
Shiraishi F, Okumura T, Nomachi M, Serizawa S, Nishikawa J, Edmonds JS, Shiraishi H and Morita M. 2003. Estrogenic and thyroid hormone activity of a series of hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyls. Chemosphere 52(1):33-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00261-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2'-OH-PCB-105, 2-hydroxy-2' , 3 , 3' , 4 , 4'-pentachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2'-OH-PCB-106, 2-hydroxy-2' , 3 , 3' , 4' , 5'-pentachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2'-OH-PCB-58
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Shiraishi F, Okumura T, Nomachi M, Serizawa S, Nishikawa J, Edmonds JS, Shiraishi H, Morita M. 2003. Estrogenic and thyroid hormone activity of a series of hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyls. Chemosphere 52(1):33-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00261-3.
USE REFERENCES
Shiraishi F, Okumura T, Nomachi M, Serizawa S, Nishikawa J, Edmonds JS, Shiraishi H and Morita M. 2003. Estrogenic and thyroid hormone activity of a series of hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyls. Chemosphere 52(1):33-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00261-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2'-OH-PBDE-66, 2-hydroxy-2' , 3 , 4 , 4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Visser TJ, Van Velzen MJM, Brouwer A, Bergman Å. 2008. Biotransformation of brominated flame retardants into potentially endocrine-disrupting metabolites, with special attention to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47). Mol Nutr Food Res 52(2):284-298. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700104.
USE REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Visser TJ, Van Velzen MJM, Brouwer A, Bergman Å. 2008. Biotransformation of brominated flame retardants into potentially endocrine-disrupting metabolites, with special attention to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47). Mol Nutr Food Res 52(2):284-298. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700104
DATE ADDED: October 22, 2013 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2'-OH-PCB-26, 2-hydroxy-2' , 3 , 5'-trichlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) (p 410). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2'-OH-PCB-9, 2-hydroxy-2' , 5'-dichlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
CATEGORIES OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
McCarthy AR, Thomson BM, Shaw IC, Abell AD. 2006. Estrogenicity of pyrethroid insecticide metabolites. J Environ Monit 8(1):197-202. DOI: 10.1039/B511209E .
USE REFERENCES
McCarthy AR, Thomson BM, Shaw IC and Abell AD. 2006. Estrogenicity of pyrethroid insecticide metabolites. J Environ Monit 8(1): 197-202. DOI: 10.1039/B511209E
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-methyl-benzylidene camphor ( 4-MBC )
CATEGORY OF USE: Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Durrer S, Ehnes C, Fuetsch M, Maerkel K, Schlumpf M, Lichtensteiger W. 2007. Estrogen sensitivity of target genes and expression of nuclear receptor co-regulators in rat prostate after pre- and postnatal exposure to the ultraviolet filter 4-methylbenzylidene camphor. Environ Health Perspect 115 (Suppl 1):42-50. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9134.
Durrer S, Maerkel K, Schlumpf M, Lichtensteiger W. 2005. Estrogen target gene regulation and coactivator expression in rat uterus after developmental exposure to the ultraviolet filter 4-methylbenzylidene camphor. Endocrinology 146(5):2130-2139. DOI: 10.1210/en.2004-1272.
Faass O, Schlumpf M, Reolon S, Henseler M, Maerkel K, Durrer S, Lichtensteiger W. 2009. Female sexual behavior, estrous cycle and gene expression in sexually dimorphic brain regions after pre- and postnatal exposure to endocrine active UV filters. Neurotoxicology 30(2):249-260. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2008.12.008.
Kunz PY, Fent K. 2006. Multiple hormonal activities of UV filters and comparison of in vivo and in vitro estrogenic activity of ethyl-4-aminobenzoate in fish. Aquat Toxicol 79(4):305-324. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.06.016.
Kunz PY, Galicia HF, Fent K. 2006. Comparison of in vitro and in vivo estrogenic activity of UV filters in fish. Toxicol Sci 90(2):349-361 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj082.
Maerkel K, Durrer S, Henseler M, Schlumpf M, Lichtensteiger W. 2007. Sexually dimorphic gene regulation in brain as a target for endocrine disrupters: Developmental exposure of rats to 4-methylbenzylidene camphor. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 218(2):152-165. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2006.10.026.
Seidlova-Wuttke D, Christoffel J, Rimoldi G, Jarry H, Wuttke W. 2006. Comparison of effects of estradiol with those of octylmethoxycinnamate and 4-methylbenzylidene camphor on fat tissue, lipids and pituitary hormones. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 214(1):1-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2005.11.002.
Tinwell H, Lefevre PA, Moffat GJ, Burns A, Odum J, Spurway TD, Orphanides G, Ashby J. 2002. Confirmation of uterotrophic activity of 3-(4-methylbenzylidine)camphor in the immature rat. Environ Health Perspect 110(5):533-536. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Durrer S, Maerkel K, Schlumpf M, Lichtensteiger W. 2005. Estrogen target gene regulation and coactivator expression in rat uterus after developmental exposure to the ultraviolet filter 4-methylbenzylidene camphor. Endocrinology 146(5):2130-2139. DOI: 10.1210/en.2004-1272
EWG. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Yamasaki K, Miyata K, Shiraishi K, Muroi T, Higashihara N, Oshima H, Minobe Y. 2008. Uterotrophic assay, Hershberger assay, and subacute oral toxicity study of 4,4 '-butylidenebis(2-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol) and 3-(dibutylamino)phenol, based on the OECD draft protocols. Arch Toxicol 82(5):301-311. DOI: 10.1007/s00204-007-0250-1.
USE REFERENCES
Yamasaki K, Miyata K, Shiraishi K, Muroi T, Higashihara N, Oshima H and Minobe Y. 2008. Uterotrophic assay, Hershberger assay, and subacute oral toxicity study of 4,4 '-butylidenebis(2-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol) and 3-(dibutylamino)phenol, based on the OECD draft protocols. Archives of Toxicology 82(5): 301-311. DOI: 10.1007/s00204-007-0250-1
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3-BC
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Faass O, Schlumpf M, Reolon S, Henseler M, Maerkel K, Durrer S, Lichtensteiger W. 2009. Female sexual behavior, estrous cycle and gene expression in sexually dimorphic brain regions after pre- and postnatal exposure to endocrine active UV filters. Neurotoxicology 30(2):249-260. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2008.12.008.
Kunz PY, Fent K. 2006. Multiple hormonal activities of UV filters and comparison of in vivo and in vitro estrogenic activity of ethyl-4-aminobenzoate in fish. Aquat Toxicol 79(4):305-324. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.06.016.
Kunz PY, Galicia HF, Fent K. 2006. Comparison of in vitro and in vivo estrogenic activity of UV filters in fish. Toxicol Sci 90(2):349-361 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj082.
Kunz PY, Gries T, Fent K. 2006. The ultraviolet filter 3-benzylidene camphor adversely affects reproduction in fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Toxicol Sci 93(2):311-321. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfl070.
Schlumpf M, Jarry H, Wuttke W, Ma R. 2004. Estrogenic activity and estrogen receptor beta binding of the UV filter 3-benzylidene camphor. Comparison with 4-methylbenzylidene camphor. Toxicology 199(2-3):109-120. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2004.02.015.
Schlumpf M, Schmid P, Durrer S, Conscience M, Maerkel K, Henseler M, Gruetter M, Herzog I, Reolon S, Ceccatelli R, Faass O, Stutz E, Jarry H, Wuttke W, Lichtensteiger W. 2004. Endocrine activity and developmental toxicity of cosmetic UV filters - an update. Toxicology 205(1-2):113-122. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2004.06.043.
Schreurs RH, Sonneveld E, Jansen JH, Seinen W, van der Burg B. 2005. Interaction of polycyclic musks and UV filters with the estrogen receptor (ER), androgen receptor (AR), and progesterone receptor (PR) in reporter gene bioassays. Toxicol Sci 83(2):264-272. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfi035.
USE REFERENCES
Kunz PY, Gries T, Fent K. 2006. The ultraviolet filter 3-benzylidene camphor adversely affects reproduction in fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Toxicol Sci 93(2):311-321. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfl070
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3-ClBPA
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mutou Y, Ibuki Y, Terao Y, Kojima S, Goto R. 2006. Change of estrogenic activity and release of chloride ion in chlorinated bisphenol A after exposure to ultraviolet B. Biol Pharm Bull 29(10):2116-2119. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.29.2116.
USE REFERENCES
Mutou Y, Ibuki Y, Terao Y, Kojima S and Goto R. 2008. Induction of apoptosis by UV-irradiated chlorinated bisphenol A in Jurkat cells. Toxicology In Vitro 22(4): 864-872. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.01.001
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
van den Berg KJ. 1990. Interaction of chlorinated phenols with thyroxine binding sites of human transthyretin, albumin and thyroid binding globulin. Chem Biol Interact 76(1):63-75. DOI: 10.1016/0009-2797(90)90034-K.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
USE REFERENCES
National Pesticide Information Retrieval System. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lindsay RH, Hill JB, Gaitan E, Cooksey RC, Jolley RL. 1992. Antithyroid effects of coal-derived pollutants. J Toxicol Environ Health 37(4):467-481. DOI: 10.1080/15287399209531686.
USE REFERENCES
Lindsay RH, Hill JB, Gaitan E, Cooksey RC, Jolley RL. 1992. Antithyroid effects of coal-derived pollutants. J Toxicol Environ Health 37(4):467-481. DOI: 10.1080/15287399209531686
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 2' , 3' , 4 , 6-pentachlorobiphenyl-3-ol
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Shiraishi F, Okumura T, Nomachi M, Serizawa S, Nishikawa J, Edmonds JS, Shiraishi H, Morita M. 2003. Estrogenic and thyroid hormone activity of a series of hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyls. Chemosphere 52(1):33-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00261-3.
USE REFERENCES
Shiraishi F, Okumura T, Nomachi M, Serizawa S, Nishikawa J, Edmonds JS, Shiraishi H and Morita M. 2003. Estrogenic and thyroid hormone activity of a series of hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyls. Chemosphere 52(1):33-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00261-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3-OH-PBDE-47
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Visser TJ, Van Velzen MJM, Brouwer A, Bergman Å. 2008. Biotransformation of brominated flame retardants into potentially endocrine-disrupting metabolites, with special attention to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47). Mol Nutr Food Res 52(2):284-298. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700104.
USE REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Visser TJ, Van Velzen MJM, Brouwer A, Bergman Å. 2008. Biotransformation of brominated flame retardants into potentially endocrine-disrupting metabolites, with special attention to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47). Mol Nutr Food Res 52(2):284-298. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700104
DATE ADDED: October 22, 2013 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3-OH-PCB-121
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Shiraishi F, Okumura T, Nomachi M, Serizawa S, Nishikawa J, Edmonds JS, Shiraishi H, Morita M. 2003. Estrogenic and thyroid hormone activity of a series of hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyls. Chemosphere 52(1):33-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00261-3.
USE REFERENCES
Shiraishi F, Okumura T, Nomachi M, Serizawa S, Nishikawa J, Edmonds JS, Shiraishi H and Morita M. 2003. Estrogenic and thyroid hormone activity of a series of hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyls. Chemosphere 52(1):33-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00261-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3-OH-PCB-118
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
Kramer VJ, Helferich WG, Bergman A, Klasson-Wehler E, Giesy JP. 1997. Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites are anti-estrogenic in a stably transfected human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell line. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 144(2):363-376. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1997.8163.
Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Bergman A, Coughtrie MWH, Visser TJ. 1998. Inhibition of thyroid hormone sulfation by hydroxylated metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls. Chem Biol Interact 109(1-3):293-297. DOI: 10.1016/S0009-2797(97)00140-3.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 24, 2013
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87(3):1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311.
USE REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 87(3): 1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87(3):1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311.
USE REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 87(3): 1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3-OH-2 , 6 , 7 , 8-TCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lans MC. 1995. Thyroid hormone binding proteins as novel targets for hydroxylated polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs): Possible implications for toxicity. Dissertation, Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands :1-152. Link.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Lans MC. 1995. Thyroid hormone binding proteins as novel targets for hydroxylated polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs): Possible implications for toxicity. Dissertation, Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands :1-152. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3' , 4 , 6-trichlorobiphenyl-3-ol
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Shiraishi F, Okumura T, Nomachi M, Serizawa S, Nishikawa J, Edmonds JS, Shiraishi H, Morita M. 2003. Estrogenic and thyroid hormone activity of a series of hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyls. Chemosphere 52(1):33-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00261-3.
USE REFERENCES
Shiraishi F, Okumura T, Nomachi M, Serizawa S, Nishikawa J, Edmonds JS, Shiraishi H and Morita M. 2003. Estrogenic and thyroid hormone activity of a series of hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyls. Chemosphere 52(1):33-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00261-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3-OH-PCB-15
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 24, 2013
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A, Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1):41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010.
USE REFERENCES
Buratti M, Campo L, Fustinoni S, Cirla PE, Martinotti I, Cavallo D, Foa V. 2007. Urinary hydroxylated metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as biomarkers of exposure in asphalt workers. Biomarkers 12(3):221-239. DOI: 10.1080/13547500601100110
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3-OH-B[a]P
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Hydroxylated benzo[a]pyrene metabolites are responsible for in vitro estrogen receptor-mediated gene expression induced by benzo[a]pyrene, but do not elicit uterotrophic effects in vivo. Toxicol Sci 59(2):231-240. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/59.2.231.
USE REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Matthews JB and Zacharewski TR. 2001. Hydroxylated benzo[a]pyrene metabolites are responsible for in vitro estrogen receptor-mediated gene expression induced by benzo[a]pyrene, but do not elicit uterotrophic effects in vivo. Toxicol Sci 59(2): 231-240. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/59.2.231
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3-OH-B[b]N[2 , 1-d]T
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7.
USE REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7 Get
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 3-OH-B[b]PH[2 , 3-d]T, 3-hydroxyphenanthro[3 , 2-b][1]benzothiophene
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7.
USE REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7 Get
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW, Seward JR, Sinks GD. 2000. Estrogenicity of benzophenones evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay: comparison of experimental and rules-based predicted activity. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(2):301-304. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620190208.
USE REFERENCES
Suzuki T, Kitamura S, Khota R, Sugihara K, Fujimoto N, Ohta S. 2005. Estrogenic and antiandrogenic activities of 17 benzophenone derivatives used as UV stabilizers and sunscreens. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 203(1):9-17. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2004.07.005 Get
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3-OHCHN
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A, Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1):41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010.
USE REFERENCES
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A and Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1): 41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3-pyridinol
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lindsay RH, Hill JB, Gaitan E, Cooksey RC, Jolley RL. 1992. Antithyroid effects of coal-derived pollutants. J Toxicol Environ Health 37(4):467-481. DOI: 10.1080/15287399209531686.
USE REFERENCES
Lindsay RH, Hill JB, Gaitan E, Cooksey RC, Jolley RL. 1992. Antithyroid effects of coal-derived pollutants. J Toxicol Environ Health 37(4):467-481. DOI: 10.1080/15287399209531686
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: IPBC
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nakama A, Funasaka K, Shimizu M. 2007. Evaluation of estrogenic activity of organic biocides using ER-binding and YES assay. Food Chem Toxicol 45(9):1558-1564. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.02.014.
USE REFERENCES
National Pesticide Information Retrieval System . Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PNMC
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Furuta C, Noda S, Li C, Suzuki AK, Taneda S, Watanabe G, Taya K. 2008. Nitrophenols isolated from diesel exhaust particles regulate steroidogenic gene expression and steroid synthesis in the human H295R adrenocortical cell line. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 229(1):109-120. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2008.01.026.
Li C, Taneda S, Suzuki AK, Furuta C, Watanabe G, Taya K. 2007. Effects of 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol on the suppression of adrenocortical function in immature male rats. Biol Pharm Bull 30(12):2376-2380. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.30.2376.
Taneda S, Mori Y, Kamata K, Hayashi H, Furuta C , Li C, Seki K, Sakushima A, Yoshino S, Yamaki K , Watanabe G, Taya K, Suzuki AK. 2004. Estrogenic and anti-androgenic activity of nitrophenols in diesel exhaust particles (DEP). Biol Pharm Bull 27(6):835-837. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.27.835.
USE REFERENCES
Furuta C, Noda S, Li C, Suzuki AK, Taneda S, Watanabe G and Taya K. 2008. Nitrophenols isolated from diesel exhaust particles regulate steroidogenic gene expression and steroid synthesis in the human H295R adrenocortical cell line. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 229(1): 109-120. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2008.01.026
Li C, Taneda S, Suzuki AK, Furuta C, Watanabe G and Taya K. 2007. Effects of 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol on the suppression of adrenocortical function in immature male rats. Biol Pharm Bull 30(12): 2376-2380. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.30.2376
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: methylcholanthrene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bigelow SW, Nebert DW. 1982. The Ah regulatory gene product. Survey of nineteen polycyclic aromatic compounds' and fifteen benzo[a]pyrene metabolites' capacity to bind to the cytosolic receptor. Toxicol Lett 10(1):109-118. DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(82)90276-4.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3-MeSO2-PCB-70
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kato Y, Haraguchi K, Shibahara T, Yumoto S, Masuda Y, Kimura R. 2000. Reduction of serum thyroxine concentrations by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Chemosphere 40(9-11):1233-1240. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00374-4.
USE REFERENCES
Kato Y, Haraguchi K, Shibahara T, Yumoto S, Masuda Y, Kimura R. 2000. Reduction of serum thyroxine concentrations by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Chemosphere 40(9-11):1233-1240. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00374-4
DATE ADDED: September 20, 2013 DATE UPDATED: September 20, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: MBBPA
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
Samuelsen M, Olsen C, Holme JA, Meussen-Elholm E, Bergmann A, Hongslo JK. 2001. Estrogen-like properties of brominated analogs of bisphenol A in the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. Cell Biology Toxicology 17(3):139-151. DOI: 10.1023/A:1011974012602.
USE REFERENCES
Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Bisphenol Degradation-Reference Pathway. Link
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman A, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.01109399
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 17, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3-monoCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
McCarthy AR, Thomson BM, Shaw IC, Abell AD. 2006. Estrogenicity of pyrethroid insecticide metabolites. J Environ Monit 8(1):197-202. DOI: 10.1039/B511209E .
USE REFERENCES
McCarthy AR, Thomson BM, Shaw IC and Abell AD. 2006. Estrogenicity of pyrethroid insecticide metabolites. J Environ Monit 8(1): 197-202. DOI: 10.1039/B511209E
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3-PBA
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Du G, Shen O, Sun H, Fei J, Lu C, Song L, Xia Y, Wang S, Wang X. 2010. Assessing hormone receptor activities of pyrethroid insecticides and their metabolites in reporter gene assays. Toxicol Sci 116(1):58-66. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfq120.
USE REFERENCES
Du G, Shen O, Sun H, Fei J, Lu C, Song L, Xia Y, Wang S, Wang X. 2010. Assessing hormone receptor activities of pyrethroid insecticides and their metabolites in reporter gene assays. Toxicol Sci 116(1):58-66. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfq120
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
McCarthy AR, Thomson BM, Shaw IC, Abell AD. 2006. Estrogenicity of pyrethroid insecticide metabolites. J Environ Monit 8(1):197-202. DOI: 10.1039/B511209E .
USE REFERENCES
McCarthy AR, Thomson BM, Shaw IC and Abell AD. 2006. Estrogenicity of pyrethroid insecticide metabolites. J Environ Monit 8(1): 197-202. DOI: 10.1039/B511209E
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: m-phenylphenol, 3-biphenylol, 3-hydroxybiphenyl, 3OH-biphenyl
CATEGORIES OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
Petit F, Le Goff P, Cravedi JP, Valotaire Y, Pakdel F. 1997. Two complementary bioassays for screening the estrogenic potency of xenobiotics: recombinant yeast for trout estrogen receptor and trout hepatocyte cultures. J Mol Endocrinol 19(3):321-335. DOI: 10.1677/jme.0.0190321.
USE REFERENCES
Petit F, Le Goff P, Cravedi JP, Valotaire Y, Pakdel F. 1997. Two complementary bioassays for screening the estrogenic potency of xenobiotics: recombinant yeast for trout estrogen receptor and trout hepatocyte cultures. J Mol Endocrinol 19(3):321-335. DOI: 10.1677/jme.0.0190321
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 3-phenyl-2-propenal, cinnamaldehyde, 3-phenyl-2-propen-1-al, 3-phenyl-2-propenaldehyde, 3-phenylacrolein, 3-phenylacrylaldehyde, benzylideneacetaldehyde,
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metal/Metallurgy, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hebert CD, Yuan J, Dieter MP. 1994. Comparison of the toxicity of cinnamaldehyde when administered by microencapsulation in feed or by corn oil gavage. Food Chem Toxicol 32(12):1107-1115. DOI: 10.1016/0278-6915(94)90126-0.
Mantovani A, Stazi AV, Macri C, Ricciardi C, Piccioni A, Badellino E. 1989. Pre-natal (segment II) toxicity study of cinnamic aldehyde in the Sprague-Dawley rat. Food Chem Toxicol 27(12):781-786. DOI: 10.1016/0278-6915(89)90108-7.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Waxman HA, Markey EJ, and DeGette D. 2011. Chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. United States House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce Minority Staff. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3- ( 1 , 1-dimethylethyl ) -phenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Tollefsen KE, Eikvar S, Finne EF, Fogelberg O, Gregersen IK. 2008. Estrogenicity of alkylphenols and alkylated non-phenolics in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) primary hepatocyte culture. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 71(2):370-383. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.006.
USE REFERENCES
Kovarova J, Blahova J, Divisova L, Svobodova Z. 2013. Alkylphenol ethoxylates and alkylphenols–update information on occurrence, fate and toxicity in aquatic environment. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 16(4):763-72. DOI: 10.2478/pjvs-2013-0111
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: TFM
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hewitt LM, Tremblay L, Vanderkraak GJ, Solomon KR, Servos MR. 1998. Identification of the lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol as an agonist for the rainbow trout estrogen receptor. Environ Toxicol Chem 17(3):425-432. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620170312.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Perez P, Pulgar R, Olea-Serrano F, Villalobos M, Rivas A, Metzler M, Pedraza V, Olea N. 1998. The estrogenicity of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes with various substituents at the central carbon and the hydroxy groups. Environ Health Perspect 106(3):167-174. DOI: 10.2307/3434318 .
USE REFERENCES
Perez P, Pulgar R, Olea-Serrano F, Villalobos M, Rivas A, Metzler M, Pedraza V, Olea N. 1998. The estrogenicity of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes with various substituents at the central carbon and the hydroxy groups. Environ Health Perspect 106(3):167-174. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.98106167
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: DBBPA
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
Samuelsen M, Olsen C, Holme JA, Meussen-Elholm E, Bergmann A, Hongslo JK. 2001. Estrogen-like properties of brominated analogs of bisphenol A in the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. Cell Biology Toxicology 17(3):139-151. DOI: 10.1023/A:1011974012602.
USE REFERENCES
Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Bisphenol Degradation-Reference Pathway. Link
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman A, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.01109399
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: DCB
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Metal/Metallurgy, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Araki N, Ohno K, Nakai M, Takeyoshi M, Iida M. 2005. Screening for androgen receptor activities in 253 industrial chemicals by in vitro reporter gene assays using AR-EcoScreen cells. Toxicol In Vitro 19(6):831-842. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.04.009.
USE REFERENCES
Araki N, Ohno K, Nakai M, Takeyoshi M, Iida M. 2005. Screening for androgen receptor activities in 253 industrial chemicals by in vitro reporter gene assays using AR-EcoScreen cells. Toxicol In Vitro 19(6):831-842. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.04.009
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: September 20, 2013 DATE UPDATED: September 20, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3 , 3'-diClBPA
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mutou Y, Ibuki Y, Terao Y, Kojima S, Goto R. 2006. Change of estrogenic activity and release of chloride ion in chlorinated bisphenol A after exposure to ultraviolet B. Biol Pharm Bull 29(10):2116-2119. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.29.2116.
USE REFERENCES
Mutou Y, Ibuki Y, Terao Y, Kojima S and Goto R. 2008. Induction of apoptosis by UV-irradiated chlorinated bisphenol A in Jurkat cells. Toxicology In Vitro 22(4): 864-872. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.01.001
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3 , 3'-diOH-PCB-15
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 24, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: dianisidine, o-dianisidine, cellitazol B
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Duval, J.F. and Vickery, L.E., 1981. Inhibition of bovine adrenocortical cytochrome P-450scc by 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine. Steroids, 37(1), pp.91-101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-128X(81)90011-8.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: June 20, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBB-77
CATEGORY OF USE: Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 23, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-77 metabolite
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman A, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-77
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Durham SK, Brouwer A. 1990. 3,4,3',4'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl distribution and induced effects in the rat adrenal gland: Localization in the zona fasciculata. Lab Invest 62(2):232-239. Link.
Schantz SL, Seo B-W, Moshtaghian J, Amin S. 1997. Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls or dioxin: do changes in thyroid function mediate effects on spatial learning? Am Zool 37(4):399-408. DOI: 10.1093/icb/37.4.399.
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
van den Berg KJ, Zurcher C, Brouwer A. 1988. Effects of 3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl on thyroid function and histology in marmoset monkeys. Toxicol Lett 41(1):77-86. DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(88)90010-0.
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CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
Litten S, Fowler B, and Luszniak D. 2002. Identification of a novel PCB source through analysis of 209 PCB congeners by US EPA modified method 1668. Chemosphere 46(9-10):1457-1459. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(01)00253-3
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 23, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-126
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Holene E, Nafstad I, Skaare JU, Bernhoft A, Engen P, Sagvolden T. 1995. Behavioral effects of pre- and postnatal exposure to individual polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in rats. Environ Toxicol Chem 14(6):967-976. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620140607.
Krishnan V, Safe S. 1993. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) as antiestrogens in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells: quantitative structure-activity relationships. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 120(1):55-61. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1993.1086.
Ramamoorthy K, Gupta MS, Sun G, McDougal A, Safe SH. 1999. 3,3'4,4'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl exhibits antiestrogenic and antitumorigenic activity in the rodent uterus and mammary cells and in human breast cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 20(1):115-123. DOI: 10.1093/carcin/20.1.115.
Schantz SL, Seo B-W, Moshtaghian J, Amin S. 1997. Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls or dioxin: do changes in thyroid function mediate effects on spatial learning? Am Zool 37(4):399-408. DOI: 10.1093/icb/37.4.399.
Van Birgelen APJM, Smit EA, Kampen IM, Groeneveld CN, Fase KM, Van der Kolk J, Poiger H, Van den Berg M, Koeman JH, Brouwer A. 1995. Subchronic effects of 2,3,7,8-TCDD or PCBs on thyroid hormone metabolism - Use in risk assessment. European Journal of Pharmacology - Environmental Toxicology & Pharmacology Section 293(1):77-85. DOI: 10.1016/0926-6917(95)90021-7 Get .
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBB-169
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akoso BT, Sleight SD, Nachreiner RF, Aust SD. 1982. Effects of purified polybrominated biphenyl congeners on the thyroid and pituitary glands in rats. Journal of the American College of Toxicology 1(3):23-36. DOI: 10.3109/10915818209018016.
Hornung MW, Zabel EW, Peterson RE. 1996. Toxic equivalency factors of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, biphenyl, and polyhalogenated diphenyl ether congeners based on rainbow trout early life stage mortality. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 140(2):227-234. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0217.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-169
CATEGORY OF USE: Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. (polybrominated diphenyl ethers) Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-169
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Krishnan V, Safe S. 1993. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) as antiestrogens in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells: quantitative structure-activity relationships. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 120(1):55-61. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1993.1086.
Patnode KA, Curtis LR. 1994. 2,2',4,4',5,5'- and 3,3',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl alteration of uterine progesterone and estrogen receptors coincides with embryotoxicity in mink (Mustela vison). Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 127(1):9-18. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1994.1133.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-127
CATEGORY OF USE: Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. (polybrominated diphenyl ethers) Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-79
CATEGORY OF USE: Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. (polybrominated diphenyl ethers) Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: TriBBPA
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Bisphenol Degradation-Reference Pathway. Link
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman A, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.01109399
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3 , 3' , 5-triClBPA
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mutou Y, Ibuki Y, Terao Y, Kojima S, Goto R. 2006. Change of estrogenic activity and release of chloride ion in chlorinated bisphenol A after exposure to ultraviolet B. Biol Pharm Bull 29(10):2116-2119. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.29.2116.
USE REFERENCES
Mutou Y, Ibuki Y, Terao Y, Kojima S and Goto R. 2008. Induction of apoptosis by UV-irradiated chlorinated bisphenol A in Jurkat cells. Toxicology In Vitro 22(4): 864-872. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.01.001
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: O-dianisidine dihydrochloride, 3 , 3'-dimethoxy-[1 , 1'-biphenyl]-4 , 4'-diamine dihydrochloride
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
National Toxicology Program, 1990. NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine Dihydrochloride (CAS No. 20325-40-0) in F344/N Rats (Drinking Water Studies). National Toxicology Program technical report series, 372, p.1. Link.
USE REFERENCES
National Toxicology Program, 1990. NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine Dihydrochloride (CAS No. 20325-40-0) in F344/N Rats (Drinking Water Studies). National Toxicology Program technical report series, 372, p.1. Link
DATE ADDED: June 20, 2018
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cook JC, Mullin LS, Frame SR, Biegel LB. 1993. Investigation of a mechanism for Leydig cell tumorigenesis by linuron in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 119(2):195-204. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1993.1060.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-81
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Harris GE, Kiparissis Y, Metcalfe CD. 1994. Assessment of the toxic potential of PCB congener 81 (3,4,4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl) to fish in relation to other non-ortho-substituted PCB congeners. Environ Toxicol Chem 13(9):1405-1413. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620130904.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-38
CATEGORY OF USE: Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. (polybrominated diphenyl ethers) Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-39
CATEGORY OF USE: Flame retardant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. (polybrominated diphenyl ethers) Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-39
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gierthy JF, Arcaro KF, Floyd M. 1997. Assessment of PCB estrogenicity in a human breast cancer cell line. Chemosphere 34(5-7):1495-1505. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00446-3.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-14
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gierthy JF, Arcaro KF, Floyd M. 1997. Assessment of PCB estrogenicity in a human breast cancer cell line. Chemosphere 34(5-7):1495-1505. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00446-3.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: TCP, TCPy, 3 , 5 , 6-trichloropyridinol, trichloropyridinol
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schuh RA, Lein PJ, Beckles RA, Jett DA. 2002. Noncholinesterase mechanisms of chlorpyrifos neurotoxicity: altered phosphorylation of Ca2+/cAMP response element binding protein in cultured neurons. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 182(2):176-185. DOI: 10.1006/taap.2002.9445.
USE REFERENCES
Schuh RA, Lein PJ, Beckles RA, Jett DA. 2002. Noncholinesterase mechanisms of chlorpyrifos neurotoxicity: altered phosphorylation of Ca2+/cAMP response element binding protein in cultured neurons. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 182(2):176-185. DOI: 10.1006/taap.2002.9445
DATE ADDED: October 7, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3 , 8-diOH-2-CDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 3'-OH-PCB-180, 2 , 2' , 3' , 4 , 4' , 5 , 5'-heptachloro-3-biphenylol, HO-PCB3
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
USE REFERENCES
Kester M H, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2000. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 3'-OH-PCB-61, 3-hydroxy-2' , 3' , 4' , 5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
Kramer VJ, Helferich WG, Bergman A, Klasson-Wehler E, Giesy JP. 1997. Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites are anti-estrogenic in a stably transfected human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell line. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 144(2):363-376. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1997.8163
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 3'-OH-PCB-30, 3-hydroxy-2' , 4' , 6'-trichlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cheek AO, Kow K, Chen J, McLachlan JA. 1999. Potential mechanisms of thyroid disruption in humans: Interaction of organochlorine compounds with thyroid receptor, transthyretin, and thyroid-binding globulin. Environ Health Perspect 107(4):273-278. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.99107273.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 3'-OH-PCB-9, 3-hydroxy-2' , 5'-dichlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 3'-MeSO2-PCB-141, 3-methylsulfonyl-2 , 2´ , 3´ , 4´ , 5 , 5´-hexachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kato Y, Haraguchi K, Shibahara T, Yumoto S, Masuda Y, Kimura R. 2000. Reduction of serum thyroxine concentrations by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Chemosphere 40(9-11):1233-1240. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00374-4.
USE REFERENCES
Kato Y, Haraguchi K, Shibahara T, Yumoto S, Masuda Y, Kimura R. 2000. Reduction of serum thyroxine concentrations by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Chemosphere 40(9-11):1233-1240. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00374-4
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 3'-MeSO2-PCB-87, 3-methylsulfonyl-2 , 2´ , 3´ , 4´ , 5-pentachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kato Y, Haraguchi K, Shibahara T, Yumoto S, Masuda Y, Kimura R. 2000. Reduction of serum thyroxine concentrations by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Chemosphere 40(9-11):1233-1240. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00374-4.
USE REFERENCES
Kato Y, Haraguchi K, Shibahara T, Yumoto S, Masuda Y, Kimura R. 2000. Reduction of serum thyroxine concentrations by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Chemosphere 40(9-11):1233-1240. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00374-4
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 3'-MeSO2-PCB-101, 3-methylsulfonyl-2 , 2´ , 4´ , 5 , 5´-pentachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kato Y, Haraguchi K, Shibahara T, Yumoto S, Masuda Y, Kimura R. 2000. Reduction of serum thyroxine concentrations by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Chemosphere 40(9-11):1233-1240. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00374-4.
USE REFERENCES
Kato Y, Haraguchi K, Shibahara T, Yumoto S, Masuda Y, Kimura R. 2000. Reduction of serum thyroxine concentrations by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Chemosphere 40(9-11):1233-1240. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00374-4
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 3'-MeSO2-PCB-49, 3-methylsulfonyl-2 , 2´ , 4´ , 5-tetrachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kato Y, Haraguchi K, Shibahara T, Yumoto S, Masuda Y, Kimura R. 2000. Reduction of serum thyroxine concentrations by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Chemosphere 40(9-11):1233-1240. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00374-4.
USE REFERENCES
Kato Y, Haraguchi K, Shibahara T, Yumoto S, Masuda Y, Kimura R. 2000. Reduction of serum thyroxine concentrations by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Chemosphere 40(9-11):1233-1240. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00374-4
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
USE REFERENCES
Nose T, Tokunaga T, Shimohigashi Y. 2009. Exploration of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on estrogen receptor alpha by the agonist/antagonist differential-docking screening (AADS) method: 4-(1-adamantyl)phenol as a potent endocrine disruptor candidate. Toxicol Lett 191(1):33-39. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.08.001
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. EnvironToxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: "T2-HO-BDE"
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.01109399
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-hydroxyphenyl isobutyl methyl ketone
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MT. 2002. Structure-activity relationships for gene activation oestrogenicity: evaluation of a diverse set of aromatic chemicals. Environmental Toxicology 17(1):14-23. DOI: 10.1002/tox.10027.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Terasaki M, Shiraishi F, Nishikawa T, Edmonds JS, Morita M, Makino M. 2005. Estrogenic activity of impurities in industrial grade bisphenol A. Environ Sci Technol 39(10):3703-3707. DOI: 10.1021/es048932g.
USE REFERENCES
Chapin RE, Adams J, Boekelheide K, Gray Jr. LE , Hayward SW, Lees PSJ, Mcintyre BS, Portier KM, Schnorr TM, Selevan SG, Vandenbergh JG and Woskie SR. 2008. NTP-CERHR expert panel report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of bisphenol A. Birth Defects Research Part B-Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology 83(3): 157-395. DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.20147
Terasaki M, Shiraishi F, Nishikawa T, Edmonds JS, Morita M and Makino M. 2005. Estrogenic activity of impurities in industrial grade bisphenol A. Environ Sci Technol 39(10):3703-3707. DOI: 10.1021/es048932g
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4-nonylphenol , branched, "nonylphenols"
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
Soto AM, Justicia H, Wray JW, Sonnenschein C. 1991. p-Nonyl-phenol: An estrogenic xenobiotic released from "modified" polystyrene. Environ Health Perspect 92:167-173. DOI: 10.2307/3431154 .
USE REFERENCES
National Pesticide Information Retrieval System. Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
USE REFERENCES
Mahmoud MI, Potter JJ, Colvin OM, Hilton J, Mezey E. 1993. Effect of 4-(diethylamino)benzaldehyde on ethanol metabolism in mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 17(6):1223-1227. DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1993.tb05233.x
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1- ( p-hydroxyphenyl ) imidazole
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. EnvironToxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Araki N, Ohno K, Nakai M, Takeyoshi M, Iida M. 2005. Screening for androgen receptor activities in 253 industrial chemicals by in vitro reporter gene assays using AR-EcoScreen cells. Toxicol In Vitro 19(6):831-842. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.04.009.
USE REFERENCES
Araki N, Ohno K, Nakai M, Takeyoshi M, Iida M. 2005. Screening for androgen receptor activities in 253 industrial chemicals by in vitro reporter gene assays using AR-EcoScreen cells. Toxicol In Vitro 19(6):831-842. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.04.009
DATE ADDED: September 20, 2013 DATE UPDATED: September 20, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: butyl p-aminobenzoate
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W, Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chem Res Toxicol 16(10):1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4-amino-MX ( 4X ) , 4-amino-1-tert.-butyl-3 , 5-dimethyl-2 , 6-dinitrobenzene ( 4-AMX, p-AMX ) , 4- ( 1 , 1-dimethylethyl ) -2 , 6-dimethyl-3 , 5-dinitro-benzamine
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Metabolite/Degradate, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bitsch N, Dudas C, Korner W, Failing K, Biselli S, Rimkus G, Brunn H. 2002. Estrogenic activity of musk fragrances detected by the E-screen assay using human mcf-7 cells. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 43(3):257-264. DOI: 10.1007/s00244-002-1192-5.
USE REFERENCES
Bitsch N, Dudas C, Korner W, Failing K, Biselli S, Rimkus G, Brunn H. 2002. Estrogenic activity of musk fragrances detected by the E-screen assay using human MCF-7 cells. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 43(3):257-264. DOI: 10.1007/s00244-002-1192-5
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW, Seward JR, Sinks GD. 2000. Estrogenicity of benzophenones evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay: comparison of experimental and rules-based predicted activity. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(2):301-304. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620190208.
USE REFERENCES
Blickenstaff RT, Hanson WR, Reddy S, Witt R. 1995. Potential radioprotective agents--VI. Chalcones, benzophenones, acid hydrazides, nitro amines and chloro compounds. Radioprotection of murine intestinal stem cells. Bioorg Med Chem 3(7):917-922. DOI: 10.1016/0968-0896(95)00076-S
PUBCHEM. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: p-benzylphenol, 4-hydroxydiphenylmethane, 4- ( phenylmethyl ) phenol, phenyl-4-hydroxyphenylmethane, 1- ( phenyl ) -1- ( p-hydroxyphenyl ) methane
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
Hashimoto Y, Moriguchi Y, Oshima H, Kawaguchi M, Miyazaki K, Nakamura M. 2001. Measurement of estrogenic activity of chemicals for the development of new dental polymers. Toxicol in Vitro 15(4-5):421-425. DOI: 10.1016/S0887-2333(01)00046-7.
Kitamura S, Sanoh S, Kohta R, Suzuki T, Sugihara K, Fujimoto N, Ohta S. 2003. Metabolic activation of proestrogenic diphenyl and related compounds by rat liver microsomes. Journal of Health Science 49(4):298-310. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.298.
Yamasaki K, Takeyoshi M, Sawaki M, Imatanaka N, Shinoda K, Takatsuki M. 2003. Immature rat uterotrophic assay of 18 chemicals and Hershberger assay of 30 chemicals. Toxicology 183(1-3):93-115. DOI: 10.1016/S0300-483X(02)00445-6.
Yamasaki K, Takeyoshi M, Yakabe Y, Sawaki M, Takatsuki M. 2003. Comparison of the reporter gene assay for ERalpha antagonists with the immature rat uterotrophic assay of 10 chemicals. Toxicol Lett 142(1-2):119-131. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(03)00019-5.
USE REFERENCES
Hashimoto Y, Moriguchi Y, Oshima H, Kawaguchi M, Miyazaki K, Nakamura M. 2001. Measurement of estrogenic activity of chemicals for the development of new dental polymers. Toxicol in Vitro 15(4-5):421-425. DOI: 10.1016/S0887-2333(01)00046-7
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Antimicrobial
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Korner W, Hanf V, Schuller W, Bartsch H, Zwirner M, Hagenmaier H. 1998. Validation and application of a rapid in vitro assay for assessing the estrogenic potency of halogenated phenolic chemicals. Chemosphere 37(9-12):2395-2407. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00297-5.
Vismara C, Bernardini G, Bordone L, Spinelli O, Teruzzi A, Rossetti C. 1995. Effects of chlorocresol (4-chloro-2-methyl phenol) administered during the fertilization and cleavage phases of Xenopus laevis. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 55(2):195-200. DOI: 10.1007/BF00203009.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4-chloro-3-cresol, 4-chloro-m-cresol ( 4-CmC ) , chlorocresol ( not to be confused with 2-chloromethylphenol , CAS # 1321-10-4 , which is also known as chlorocresol )
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Ghisari M, Bonefeld-Jorgensen EC. 2009. Effects of plasticizers and their mixtures on estrogen receptor and thyroid hormone functions. Toxicol Lett 189(1):67-77. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.05.004.
Graves TK, Hinkle PM. 2003. Ca(2+)-induced Ca(2+) release in the pancreatic beta-cell: direct evidence of endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) release. Endocrinology 144(8):3565-3574. DOI: 10.1210/en.2002-0104.
Hauser CJ, Kannan KB, Deitch EA, Itagaki K. 2005. Non-specific effects of 4-chloro-m-cresol may cause calcium flux and respiratory burst in human neutrophils. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 336(4):1087-1095. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.08.239.
Klegeris A, Choi HB, McLarnon JG, McGeer PL. 2007. Functional ryanodine receptors are expressed by human microglia and THP-1 cells: Their possible involvement in modulation of neurotoxicity. J Neurosci Res 85(10):2207-2215. DOI: 10.1002/jnr.21361.
Korner W, Hanf V, Schuller W, Bartsch H, Zwirner M, Hagenmaier H. 1998. Validation and application of a rapid in vitro assay for assessing the estrogenic potency of halogenated phenolic chemicals. Chemosphere 37(9-12):2395-2407. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00297-5.
Nakama A, Funasaka K, Shimizu M. 2007. Evaluation of estrogenic activity of organic biocides using ER-binding and YES assay. Food Chem Toxicol 45(9):1558-1564. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.02.014.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
Westerblad H, Andrade FH, Islam MS. 1998. Effects of ryanodine receptor agonist 4-chloro-m-cresol on myoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration and force of contraction in mouse skeletal muscle. Cell Calcium 24(2):105-115. DOI: 10.1016/S0143-4160(98)90078-1
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4-chloro-3 , 5-xylenol, chloroxylenol, p-chloro-m-xylenol ( PCMX )
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Household product ingredient, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Miller D, Wheals BB, Beresford N, Sumpter JP. 2001. Estrogenic activity of phenolic additives determined by an in vitro yeast bioassay. Environ Health Perspect 109(2):133-138. DOI: 10.2307/3434765 .
Nakama A, Funasaka K, Shimizu M. 2007. Evaluation of estrogenic activity of organic biocides using ER-binding and YES assay. Food Chem Toxicol 45(9):1558-1564. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.02.014.
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW, Seward JR, Sinks GD. 2000. Estrogenicity of benzophenones evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay: comparison of experimental and rules-based predicted activity. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(2):301-304. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620190208.
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. EnvironToxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-3
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gierthy JF, Arcaro KF, Floyd M. 1997. Assessment of PCB estrogenicity in a human breast cancer cell line. Chemosphere 34(5-7):1495-1505. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00446-3.
USE REFERENCES
CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
Ogawa Y, Kawamura Y, Wakui C, Mutsuga M, Nishimura T, Tanamoto K. 2006. Estrogenic activities of chemicals related to food contact plastics and rubbers tested by the yeast two-hybrid assay. Food Additives & Contaminants 23(4):422-430. DOI: 10.1080/02652030500482371.
Yamasaki K, Takeyoshi M, Sawaki M, Imatanaka N, Shinoda K, Takatsuki M. 2003. Immature rat uterotrophic assay of 18 chemicals and Hershberger assay of 30 chemicals. Toxicology 183(1-3):93-115. DOI: 10.1016/S0300-483X(02)00445-6.
USE REFERENCES
Ogawa Y, Kawamura Y, Wakui C, Mutsuga M, Nishimura T, Tanamoto K. 2006. Estrogenic activities of chemicals related to food contact plastics and rubbers tested by the yeast two-hybrid assay. Food Addit Contam 23(4):422-430. DOI: 10.1080/02652030500482371
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
USE REFERENCES
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. EnvironToxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: p-dodecylphenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
Tollefsen KE, Eikvar S, Finne EF, Fogelberg O, Gregersen IK. 2008. Estrogenicity of alkylphenols and alkylated non-phenolics in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) primary hepatocyte culture. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 71(2):370-383. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.006.
Wetzel CH, Hermann B, Behl C, Pestel E, Rammes G, Zieglgansberger W, Holsboer F, Rupprecht R. 1998. Functional antagonism of gonadal steroids at the 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor. Mol Endocrinol 12(9):1441-1451. DOI: 10.1210/mend.12.9.0163.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
Kovarova J, Blahova J, Divisova L, Svobodova Z. 2013. Alkylphenol ethoxylates and alkylphenols–update information on occurrence, fate and toxicity in aquatic environment. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 16(4):763-72. DOI: 10.2478/pjvs-2013-0111
PUBCHEM. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: p-ethylphenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
Soto AM, Lin TM, Justicia H, Silvia RM, Sonnenschein C. 1992. An "in culture" bioassay to assess the estrogenicity of xenobiotics (E-SCREEN). In: Colborn T, Clement C, eds. Chemically Induced Alterations in Sexual and Functional Development: The Wildlife/Human Connection. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Scientific Publishing Co., Inc. p 295-309. (Mehlman MA, ed. Advances in Modern Environmental Toxicology; 21). Link.
USE REFERENCES
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
USE REFERENCES
Santa Cruz Biotechnology. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 19, 2013
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. EnvironToxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Arnott DG, Doniach I. 1952. The effect of compounds allied to resorcinol upon the uptake of radioactive iodine by the thyroid of the rat. Biochem J 50(4):473-479. DOI: 10.1042/bj0500473 .
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87(3):1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311.
USE REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 87(3): 1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-OH-PCB-1
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gierthy JF, Arcaro KF, Floyd M. 1997. Assessment of PCB estrogenicity in a human breast cancer cell line. Chemosphere 34(5-7):1495-1505. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00446-3.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 24, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-OH-PBDE-42
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Visser TJ, Van Velzen MJM, Brouwer A, Bergman Å. 2008. Biotransformation of brominated flame retardants into potentially endocrine-disrupting metabolites, with special attention to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47). Mol Nutr Food Res 52(2):284-298. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700104.
USE REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Visser TJ, Van Velzen MJM, Brouwer A, Bergman Å. 2008. Biotransformation of brominated flame retardants into potentially endocrine-disrupting metabolites, with special attention to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47). Mol Nutr Food Res 52(2):284-298. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700104
DATE ADDED: October 22, 2013 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-OH-PCB-146
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
Moore M, Mustain M, Daniel K, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Antiestrogenic activity of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl congeners identified in human serum. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 142(1):160-168. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.8022.
Moore M, Mustain M, Daniel K, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Antiestrogenic activity of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl congeners identified in human serum. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 142(1):160-168. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.8022.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: October 2, 2013 DATE UPDATED: October 2, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-OH-PCB-187
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
Moore M, Mustain M, Daniel K, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Antiestrogenic activity of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl congeners identified in human serum. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 142(1):160-168. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.8022.
Moore M, Mustain M, Daniel K, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Antiestrogenic activity of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl congeners identified in human serum. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 142(1):160-168. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.8022.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: October 2, 2013 DATE UPDATED: October 2, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-OH-PCB-18
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 24, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-OH-PCB-107
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
Moore M, Mustain M, Daniel K, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Antiestrogenic activity of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl congeners identified in human serum. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 142(1):160-168. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.8022.
Moore M, Mustain M, Daniel K, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Antiestrogenic activity of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl congeners identified in human serum. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 142(1):160-168. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.8022.
Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Bergman A, Coughtrie MWH, Visser TJ. 1998. Inhibition of thyroid hormone sulfation by hydroxylated metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls. Chem Biol Interact 109(1-3):293-297. DOI: 10.1016/S0009-2797(97)00140-3.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 2, 2013
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87(3):1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311.
USE REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 87(3): 1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87(3):1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311.
USE REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 87(3): 1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3' , 4'-trichlorobiphenyl-4-ol
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Shiraishi F, Okumura T, Nomachi M, Serizawa S, Nishikawa J, Edmonds JS, Shiraishi H, Morita M. 2003. Estrogenic and thyroid hormone activity of a series of hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyls. Chemosphere 52(1):33-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00261-3.
USE REFERENCES
Shiraishi F, Okumura T, Nomachi M, Serizawa S, Nishikawa J, Edmonds JS, Shiraishi H and Morita M. 2003. Estrogenic and thyroid hormone activity of a series of hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyls. Chemosphere 52(1):33-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00261-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2' , 3 , 3' , 6-tetrachlorobiphenyl-4-ol
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Shiraishi F, Okumura T, Nomachi M, Serizawa S, Nishikawa J, Edmonds JS, Shiraishi H, Morita M. 2003. Estrogenic and thyroid hormone activity of a series of hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyls. Chemosphere 52(1):33-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00261-3.
USE REFERENCES
Shiraishi F, Okumura T, Nomachi M, Serizawa S, Nishikawa J, Edmonds JS, Shiraishi H and Morita M. 2003. Estrogenic and thyroid hormone activity of a series of hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyls. Chemosphere 52(1):33-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00261-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kawamura Y, Mutsuga M, Kato T, Iida M, Tanamoto K. 2005. Estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities of benzophenones in human estrogen and androgen receptor mediated mammalian reporter gene assays. Journal of Health Science 51(1):48-54. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.51.48.
Kawamura Y, Ogawa Y, Nishimura T, Kikuchi Y, Nishikawa J, Nishihara T, Tanamoto K. 2003. Estrogenic activities of UV stabilizers used in food contact plastics and benzophenone derivatives tested by the yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(3):205-212. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.205.
USE REFERENCES
Kawamura Y, Ogawa Y, Nishimura T, Kikuchi Y, Nishikawa J, Nishihara T and Tanamoto K. 2003. Estrogenic activities of UV stabilizers used in food contact plastics and benzophenone derivatives tested by the yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(3): 205-212. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.205
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87(3):1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311.
USE REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, van Toor H, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2002. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated metabolites of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons reveals alternative mechanism for estrogenic activity of endocrine disrupters. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 87(3): 1142-1150. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8311
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4-OH-PCB-2, 2-chloro-4-phenylphenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 1, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-OH-PCB-80
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
USE REFERENCES
Kester M H, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2000. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-OH-PCB-39
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gierthy JF, Arcaro KF, Floyd M. 1997. Assessment of PCB estrogenicity in a human breast cancer cell line. Chemosphere 34(5-7):1495-1505. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00446-3.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 24, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-OH-PCB-14
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cheek AO, Kow K, Chen J, McLachlan JA. 1999. Potential mechanisms of thyroid disruption in humans: Interaction of organochlorine compounds with thyroid receptor, transthyretin, and thyroid-binding globulin. Environ Health Perspect 107(4):273-278. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.99107273.
Gierthy JF, Arcaro KF, Floyd M. 1997. Assessment of PCB estrogenicity in a human breast cancer cell line. Chemosphere 34(5-7):1495-1505. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00446-3.
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
Marchesini GR, Meulenberg E, Haasnoot W, Mizuguchi M, Irth H. 2006. Biosensor recognition of thyroid-disrupting chemicals using transport proteins. Anal Chem 78(4):1107-1114. DOI: 10.1021/ac051399i
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 24, 2013
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
Kunz PY, Fent K. 2006. Multiple hormonal activities of UV filters and comparison of in vivo and in vitro estrogenic activity of ethyl-4-aminobenzoate in fish. Aquat Toxicol 79(4):305-324. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.06.016.
Kunz PY, Galicia HF, Fent K. 2006. Comparison of in vitro and in vivo estrogenic activity of UV filters in fish. Toxicol Sci 90(2):349-361 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj082.
Schultz TW, Seward JR, Sinks GD. 2000. Estrogenicity of benzophenones evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay: comparison of experimental and rules-based predicted activity. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(2):301-304. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620190208.
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
USE REFERENCES
Kawamura Y, Ogawa Y, Nishimura T, Kikuchi Y, Nishikawa J, Nishihara T, Tanamoto K. 2003. Estrogenic activities of UV stabilizers used in food contact plastics and benzophenone derivatives tested by the yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 49(3):205-212. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.49.205
Suzuki T, Kitamura S, Khota R, Sugihara K, Fujimoto N, Ohta S. 2005. Estrogenic and antiandrogenic activities of 17 benzophenone derivatives used as UV stabilizers and sunscreens. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 203(1):9-17. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2004.07.005 Get
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Biogenic compound
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W, Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chem Res Toxicol 16(10):1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g.
USE REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W and Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chemical Research in Toxicology 16(10): 1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Sandau CD, Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Mcalees AJ, Chittim B, Brouwer A, Norstrom RJ. 2000. Identification of 4-hydroxyheptachlorostyrene in polar bear plasma and its binding affinity to transthyretin: A metabolite of octachlorosytrene? Environ Sci Technol 34(18):3871-3877. DOI: 10.1021/es001134f.
USE REFERENCES
Sandau CD, Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Mcalees AJ, Chittim B, Brouwer A, Norstrom RJ. 2000. Identification of 4-hydroxyheptachlorostyrene in polar bear plasma and its binding affinity to transthyretin: A metabolite of octachlorosytrene? Environ Sci Technol 34(18):3871-3877. DOI: 10.1021/es001134f
US EPA. 2002. Draft PBT National Action Plan for Octachlorostyrene.
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bitman J, Cecil HC. 1970. Estrogenic activity of DDT analogs and polychlorinated biphenyls. Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry 18(6):1108-1112. DOI: 10.1021/jf60172a019.
USE REFERENCES
Bitman J, Cecil HC. 1970. Estrogenic activity of DDT analogs and polychlorinated biphenyls. J Agric Food Chem 18(6):1108-1112. DOI: 10.1021/jf60172a019
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: p-iso-amylphenol, 4- ( 3-methylbutyl ) phenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mueller GC, Kim UH. 1978. Displacement of estradiol from estrogen receptors by simple alkyl phenols. Endocrinology 102(5):1429-1435. DOI: 10.1210/endo-102-5-1429.
Soto AM, Lin TM, Justicia H, Silvia RM, Sonnenschein C. 1992. An "in culture" bioassay to assess the estrogenicity of xenobiotics (E-SCREEN). In: Colborn T, Clement C, eds. Chemically Induced Alterations in Sexual and Functional Development: The Wildlife/Human Connection. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Scientific Publishing Co., Inc. p 295-309. (Mehlman MA, ed. Advances in Modern Environmental Toxicology; 21). Link.
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
Mueller GC, Kim UH. 1978. Displacement of estradiol from estrogen receptors by simple alkyl phenols. Endocrinology 102(5):1429-1435. DOI: 10.1210/endo-102-5-1429
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Tollefsen KE, Eikvar S, Finne EF, Fogelberg O, Gregersen IK. 2008. Estrogenicity of alkylphenols and alkylated non-phenolics in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) primary hepatocyte culture. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 71(2):370-383. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.006.
USE REFERENCES
Kovarova J, Blahova J, Divisova L, Svobodova Z. 2013. Alkylphenol ethoxylates and alkylphenols–update information on occurrence, fate and toxicity in aquatic environment. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 16(4):763-72. DOI: 10.2478/pjvs-2013-0111
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 27, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Araki N, Ohno K, Nakai M, Takeyoshi M, Iida M. 2005. Screening for androgen receptor activities in 253 industrial chemicals by in vitro reporter gene assays using AR-EcoScreen cells. Toxicol In Vitro 19(6):831-842. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.04.009.
USE REFERENCES
Araki N, Ohno K, Nakai M, Takeyoshi M, Iida M. 2005. Screening for androgen receptor activities in 253 industrial chemicals by in vitro reporter gene assays using AR-EcoScreen cells. Toxicol In Vitro 19(6):831-842. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.04.009
DATE ADDED: September 20, 2013 DATE UPDATED: September 20, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: p-anisic acid, MeOxPB
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
van Meeuwen JA, van Son O, Piersma AH, de Jong PC, van den Berg M. 2008. Aromatase inhibiting and combined estrogenic effects of parabens and estrogenic effects of other additives in cosmetics. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 230(3):372-382. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2008.03.002.
USE REFERENCES
The Good Scents Company Information System. Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: MBP, 4 , 4'- ( 1 , 1-dimethyl-3-methylene-1 , 3-propanediyl ) bisphenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Ishibashi H, Watanabe N, Matsumura N, Hirano M, Nagao Y, Shiratsuchi H, Kohra S, Yoshihara S, Arizono K. 2005. Toxicity to early life stages and an estrogenic effect of a bisphenol A metabolite, 4-methyl-2,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)pent-1-ene on the medaka (Oryzias latipes). Life Sci 77(21):2643-2655. DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2005.03.025.
Nagae M, Shiroyama K, Inoue M, Hara A, Takao Y, Kohra S, Ishibashi Y, Tominaga N, Yoshihara S, Arizono K. 2005. Estrogenic potency of a bisphenol A metabolite on vitellogenin synthesis in medaka, Oryzias latipes. Journal of Health Science 51(1):93-95. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.51.93.
Okuda K, Takiguchi M, Yoshihara S. 2010. In vivo estrogenic potential of 4-methyl-2,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)pent-1-ene, an active metabolite of bisphenol A, in uterus of ovariectomized rat. Toxicol Lett 197(1):7-11. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.04.017.
Yamaguchi A, Ishibashi H, Kohra S, Arizono K, Tominaga N. 2005. Short-term effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on the expression of estrogen-responsive genes in male medaka (Oryzias latipes). Aquat Toxicol 72(3):239-249. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.12.011.
Yoshihara S, Mizutare T, Makishima M, Suzuki N, Fujimoto N, Igarashi K, Ohta S. 2004. Potent estrogenic metabolites of bisphenol A and bisphenol B formed by rat liver S9 fraction: their structures and estrogenic potency. Toxicol Sci 78(1):50-59. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfh047.
USE REFERENCES
Yoshihara S, Mizutare T, Makishima M, Suzuki N, Fujimoto N, Igarashi K, Ohta S. 2004. Potent estrogenic metabolites of bisphenol A and bisphenol B formed by rat liver S9 fraction: their structures and estrogenic potency. Toxicol Sci 78(1):50-59. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfh047
DATE ADDED: February 17, 2015 DATE UPDATED: February 17, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 4-diphenyl-4-methylpentene-1
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Araki N, Ohno K, Nakai M, Takeyoshi M, Iida M. 2005. Screening for androgen receptor activities in 253 industrial chemicals by in vitro reporter gene assays using AR-EcoScreen cells. Toxicol In Vitro 19(6):831-842. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.04.009.
USE REFERENCES
Araki N, Ohno K, Nakai M, Takeyoshi M, Iida M. 2005. Screening for androgen receptor activities in 253 industrial chemicals by in vitro reporter gene assays using AR-EcoScreen cells. Toxicol In Vitro 19(6):831-842. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.04.009
DATE ADDED: September 20, 2013 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2 , 4-diaminotoluene, 2 , 4-toluenediamine, 4-methyl-1 , 3-phenylenediamine, 4-methyl-m-phenylenediamine, toluene-2 , 4-diamine, diaminotoluene, methylphenylene diamine, TDA, toluenediamine isomers, tolylenediamine, toluene-2 , 4-diamine
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Thysen, B., Bloch, E. and Varma, S.K., 1985. Reproductive toxicity of 2, 4‐toluenediamine in the rat. 2. Spermatogenic and hormonal effects. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A Current Issues, 16(6), pp.763-769. DOI: 10.1080/15287398509530787.
Thysen, B., Varma, S.K. and Bloch, E., 1985. Reproductive toxicity of 2, 4‐toluenediamlne in the rat. 1. Effect on male fertility. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A Current Issues, 16(6), pp.753-761. DOI: 10.1080/15287398509530786.
Varma, S.K., Bloch, E., Gondos, B., Rossi, V., Gunsalus, G.L. and Thysen, B., 1988. Reproductive toxicity of 2, 4‐toluenediamine in the rat. 3. Effects on androgen‐binding protein levels, selected seminiferous tubule characteristics, and spermatogenesis. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A Current Issues, 25(4), pp.435-451. DOI: 10.1080/15287398809531222.
USE REFERENCES
Groh, K.J., Backhaus, T., Carney-Almroth, B., Geueke, B., Inostroza, P.A., Lennquist, A., Maffini, M., Leslie, H.A., Slunge, D., Trasande, L. and Warhurst, M., 2018. Chemicals associated with plastic packaging: Inventory and hazards. PeerJ Preprints, 6, p.e27036v1. DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.27036v1
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: September 26, 2018
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lindsay RH, Hill JB, Gaitan E, Cooksey RC, Jolley RL. 1992. Antithyroid effects of coal-derived pollutants. J Toxicol Environ Health 37(4):467-481. DOI: 10.1080/15287399209531686.
USE REFERENCES
Fukuhara K, Ishikawa K, Yasuda S, Kishishita Y, Kim HK, Kakeda T, Yamamoto M, Norii T, Ishikawa T. 2012. Intracerebroventricular 4-methylcatechol (4-MC) ameliorates chronic pain associated with depression-like behavior via induction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Cell Mol Neurobiol 32(6):971-977. DOI: 10.1007/s10571-011-9782-2
Ju KS, Parales RE. 2011. Evolution of a new bacterial pathway for 4-nitrotoluene degradation. Mol Microbiol 82(2):355-364. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07817.x
Lu J, Gao X, Gu J, Zhou L, Guo S, Hao W, Zhou Z, Cao JM. 2012. Nerve sprouting contributes to increased severity of ventricular tachyarrhythmias by upregulating iGluRs in rats with healed myocardial necrotic injury. J Mol Neurosci 48(2):448-455. DOI: 10.1007/s12031-012-9720-x
Payton F, Bose R, Alworth WL, Kumar AP, Ghosh R. 2011. 4-Methylcatechol-induced oxidative stress induces intrinsic apoptotic pathway in metastatic melanoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 81(10):1211-1218. DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.03.005
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-MeSO2-PCB-149
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kato Y, Haraguchi K, Shibahara T, Yumoto S, Masuda Y, Kimura R. 2000. Reduction of serum thyroxine concentrations by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Chemosphere 40(9-11):1233-1240. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00374-4.
USE REFERENCES
Kato Y, Haraguchi K, Shibahara T, Yumoto S, Masuda Y, Kimura R. 2000. Reduction of serum thyroxine concentrations by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Chemosphere 40(9-11):1233-1240. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00374-4
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-monoCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X.
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ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Bandiera S, Sawyer T, Romkes M, Zmudzka B, Safe L, Mason G, Keys B, Safe S. 1984. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD cytosolic receptor protein, AHH induction and toxicity. Toxicology 32(2):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90132-X
Mason G, Sawyer T, Keys B, Bandiera S, Romkes M, Piskorska-Pliszczynska J, Zmudzka B, Safe S. 1985. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs): correlation between in vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships. Toxicology 37(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(85)90108-8
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-butoxyphenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
Soto AM, Lin TM, Justicia H, Silvia RM, Sonnenschein C. 1992. An "in culture" bioassay to assess the estrogenicity of xenobiotics (E-SCREEN). In: Colborn T, Clement C, eds. Chemically Induced Alterations in Sexual and Functional Development: The Wildlife/Human Connection. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Scientific Publishing Co., Inc. p 295-309. (Mehlman MA, ed. Advances in Modern Environmental Toxicology; 21). Link.
USE REFERENCES
LookChem Link
Santa Cruz Biotechnology. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4--butyl-benzenamine
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Tollefsen KE, Eikvar S, Finne EF, Fogelberg O, Gregersen IK. 2008. Estrogenicity of alkylphenols and alkylated non-phenolics in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) primary hepatocyte culture. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 71(2):370-383. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.006.
USE REFERENCES
Kovarova J, Blahova J, Divisova L, Svobodova Z. 2013. Alkylphenol ethoxylates and alkylphenols–update information on occurrence, fate and toxicity in aquatic environment. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 16(4):763-72. DOI: 10.2478/pjvs-2013-0111
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Tollefsen KE, Eikvar S, Finne EF, Fogelberg O, Gregersen IK. 2008. Estrogenicity of alkylphenols and alkylated non-phenolics in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) primary hepatocyte culture. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 71(2):370-383. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.006.
USE REFERENCES
Kovarova J, Blahova J, Divisova L, Svobodova Z. 2013. Alkylphenol ethoxylates and alkylphenols–update information on occurrence, fate and toxicity in aquatic environment. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 16(4):763-72. DOI: 10.2478/pjvs-2013-0111
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-butylphenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
USE REFERENCES
ChemicalBook. Link
National Pesticide Information Retrieval System. Link
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: p-n-heptyloxyphenol, 4-heptyloxyphenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. EnvironToxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-hexylphenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
Tollefsen KE, Eikvar S, Finne EF, Fogelberg O, Gregersen IK. 2008. Estrogenicity of alkylphenols and alkylated non-phenolics in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) primary hepatocyte culture. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 71(2):370-383. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.006.
USE REFERENCES
ChemicalBook. Link
Kovarova J, Blahova J, Divisova L, Svobodova Z. 2013. Alkylphenol ethoxylates and alkylphenols–update information on occurrence, fate and toxicity in aquatic environment. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 16(4):763-72. DOI: 10.2478/pjvs-2013-0111
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: p-octylphenol, 4-octylphenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kanayama T, Kobayashi N, Mamiya S, Nakanishi T, Nishikawa J. 2005. Organotin compounds promote adipocyte differentiation as agonists of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor [gamma]/retinoid X receptor pathway. Mol Pharmacol 67(3):766-774. DOI: 10.1124/mol.104.008409 .
Nakagomi M, Suzuki E, Usumi K, Saitoh Y, Yoshimura S, Nagao T, Ono H. 2001. Effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals on the microtubule network in Chinese hamster V79 cells in culture and in Sertoli cells in rats. Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis & Mutagenesis 21(6):453-462. DOI: 10.1002/tcm.1032.
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. EnvironToxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4-n-amylphenol, 4-pentylphenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
Nakagomi M, Suzuki E, Usumi K, Saitoh Y, Yoshimura S, Nagao T, Ono H. 2001. Effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals on the microtubule network in Chinese hamster V79 cells in culture and in Sertoli cells in rats. Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis & Mutagenesis 21(6):453-462. DOI: 10.1002/tcm.1032.
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. EnvironToxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4-propylphenol, p-propylphenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
USE REFERENCES
National Pesticide Information Retrieval System. Link
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. EnvironToxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-NH2-MX
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Chou Y-J, Dietrich DR. 1999. Interactions of nitromusk parent compounds and their amino-metabolites with the estrogen receptors of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the South African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). Toxicol Lett 111(1-2):27-36. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(99)00168-X.
USE REFERENCES
Chou Y-J and Dietrich DR. 1999. Interactions of nitromusk parent compounds and their amino-metabolites with the estrogen receptors of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the South African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). Toxicology Letters 111(1-2): 27-36. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(99)00168-X
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PNMPP
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Furuta C, Noda S, Li C, Suzuki AK, Taneda S, Watanabe G, Taya K. 2008. Nitrophenols isolated from diesel exhaust particles regulate steroidogenic gene expression and steroid synthesis in the human H295R adrenocortical cell line. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 229(1):109-120. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2008.01.026.
Taneda S, Mori Y, Kamata K, Hayashi H, Furuta C , Li C, Seki K, Sakushima A, Yoshino S, Yamaki K , Watanabe G, Taya K, Suzuki AK. 2004. Estrogenic and anti-androgenic activity of nitrophenols in diesel exhaust particles (DEP). Biol Pharm Bull 27(6):835-837. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.27.835.
Trisomboon J, Li CM, Suzuki, A, Watanabe G, Taya K. 2015. 4-Nitro-3-phenylphenol has both androgenic and anti-androgenic-like effects in rats. Journal of Reproduction and Development 61(2):134-137. DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2014-110.
USE REFERENCES
Furuta C, Noda S, Li C, Suzuki AK, Taneda S, Watanabe G and Taya K. 2008. Nitrophenols isolated from diesel exhaust particles regulate steroidogenic gene expression and steroid synthesis in the human H295R adrenocortical cell line. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 229(1): 109-120. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2008.01.026
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: p-nitrophenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Li C, Taneda S, Suzuki AK, Furuta C, Watanabe G, Taya K. 2006. Estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities of 4-nitrophenol in diesel exhaust particles. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 217(1):1-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2006.06.010.
Li X, Li C, Suzuki AK, Taneda S, Watanabe G, Taya K. 2009. 4-Nitrophenol isolated from diesel exhaust particles disrupts regulation of reproductive hormones in immature male rats. Endocrine 36(1):98-102. DOI: 10.1007/s12020-009-9192-0.
Mi Y, Zhang C, Li CM, Taneda S, Watanabe G, Suzuki AK, Taya K. 2010. Protective effect of quercetin on the reproductive toxicity of 4-nitrophenol in diesel exhaust particles on male embryonic chickens. J Reprod Dev 56(2):195-199. DOI: 10.1262/jrd.09-074N.
USE REFERENCES
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: p-nonylphenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metabolite/Degradate, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bonefeld-Jorgensen EC, Long M, Hofmeister MV, Vinggaard AM. 2007. Endocrine-disrupting potential of bisphenol A, bisphenol A dimethacrylate, 4-n-nonylphenol, and 4-n-octylphenol in vitro: new data and a brief review. Environ Health Perspect 115 Suppl 1:69-76. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9368.
Jobling S, Sheahan D, Osborne JA, Matthiessen P, Sumpter JP. 1996. Inhibition of testicular growth in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to estrogenic alkylphenolic chemicals. Environ Toxicol Chem 15(2):194-202. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620150218.
Kanayama T, Kobayashi N, Mamiya S, Nakanishi T, Nishikawa J. 2005. Organotin compounds promote adipocyte differentiation as agonists of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor [gamma]/retinoid X receptor pathway. Mol Pharmacol 67(3):766-774. DOI: 10.1124/mol.104.008409 .
Matsunaga H, Mizota K, Uchida H, Uchida T, Ueda H. 2010. Endocrine disrupting chemicals bind to a novel receptor, microtubule-associated protein 2, and positively and negatively regulate dendritic outgrowth in hippocampal neurons. J Neurochem 114(5):1333-1343. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06847.x.
Soto AM, Justicia H, Wray JW, Sonnenschein C. 1991. p-Nonyl-phenol: An estrogenic xenobiotic released from "modified" polystyrene. Environ Health Perspect 92:167-173. DOI: 10.2307/3431154 .
Tran DQ, Klotz DM, Ladlie BL, Ide CF, McLachlan JA, Arnold SF. 1996. Inhibition of progesterone receptor activity in yeast by synthetic chemicals. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 229(2):518-523. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1836.
USE REFERENCES
Rey Vazquez G, Meijide FJ, Da Cuna RH, Lo Nostro FL, Piazza YG, Babay PA, Trudeau VL, Maggese MC, Guerrero GA. 2009. Exposure to waterborne 4-tert-octylphenol induces vitellogenin synthesis and disrupts testis morphology in the South American freshwater fish Cichlasoma dimerus (Teleostei, Perciformes). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 150(2):298-306. DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2009.05.012
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: NP2EO, nonylphenol diethoxylate mixture
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Jobling S, Sheahan D, Osborne JA, Matthiessen P, Sumpter JP. 1996. Inhibition of testicular growth in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to estrogenic alkylphenolic chemicals. Environ Toxicol Chem 15(2):194-202. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620150218.
Jobling S, Sumpter JP. 1993. Detergent components in sewage effluent are weakly oestrogenic to fish: An in vitro study using rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hepatocytes. Aquatic Toxicology 27(3-4):361-372. DOI: 10.1016/0166-445X(93)90064-8.
Routledge EJ, Sumpter JP. 1996. Estrogenic activity of surfactants and some of their degradation products assessed using a recombinant yeast screen. Environ Toxicol Chem 15(3):241-248. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620150303.
White R, Jobling S, Hoare SA, Sumpter JP, Parker MG. 1994. Environmentally persistent alkylphenolic compounds are estrogenic. Endocrinology 135(1):175-182. DOI: 10.1210/endo.135.1.8013351.
USE REFERENCES
Dow Chemical Co. 2010 Oct 11. Nonylphenol Ethoxylate Surfactants. Link
White R, Jobling S, Hoare SA, Sumpter JP, Parker MG. 1994. Environmentally persistent alkylphenolic compounds are estrogenic. Endocrinology 135(1):175-182. DOI: 10.1210/endo.135.1.8013351
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 12, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: Tergitol NP 9, NP9EO
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Jobling S, Sumpter JP. 1993. Detergent components in sewage effluent are weakly oestrogenic to fish: An in vitro study using rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hepatocytes. Aquatic Toxicology 27(3-4):361-372. DOI: 10.1016/0166-445X(93)90064-8.
USE REFERENCES
Dow Chemical Co. 2010 Oct 11. Nonylphenol Ethoxylate Surfactants. Link
White R, Jobling S, Hoare SA, Sumpter JP, Parker MG. 1994. Environmentally persistent alkylphenolic compounds are estrogenic. Endocrinology 135(1):175-182. DOI: 10.1210/endo.135.1.8013351
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4- ( 2-phenylethyl ) phenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Flame retardant, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
USE REFERENCES
PUBCHEM. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-hydroxydiphenyl ether
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, Letcher RJ, Hoving S, Marsh G, Bergman Å, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A. 2001. In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PBDEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compounds. Environ Health Perspect 109(4):399-407. DOI: 10.2307/3454900 .
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. EnvironToxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: p-phenylphenol, 4-biphenylol, 4-hydroxybiphenyl
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cappelletti V, Saturno G, Miodini P, Korner W, Daidone MG. 2003. Selective modulation of ER-beta by estradiol and xenoestrogens in human breast cancer cell lines. Cellular & Molecular Life Sciences 60(3):567-576. DOI: 10.1007/s000180300048.
Li J, Ma M, Wang Z. 2010. In vitro profiling of endocrine disrupting effects of phenols. Toxicol In Vitro 24(1):201-207. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2009.09.008.
Olsen CM, Meussen-Elholm ETM, Samuelsen M, Holme JA, Hongslo JK. 2003. Effects of the environmental oestrogens bisphenol A, tetrachlorobisphenol A, tetrabromobisphenol A, 4-hydroxybiphenyl and 4,4 '-dihydroxybiphenyl on oestrogen receptor binding, cell proliferation and regulation of oestrogen sensitive proteins in the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Pharmacology & Toxicology 92(4):180-188. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0773.2003.920408.x.
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
van den Berg KJ. 1990. Interaction of chlorinated phenols with thyroxine binding sites of human transthyretin, albumin and thyroid binding globulin. Chem Biol Interact 76(1):63-75. DOI: 10.1016/0009-2797(90)90034-K.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. EnvironToxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4- ( 1-methylpropyl ) phenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mueller GC, Kim UH. 1978. Displacement of estradiol from estrogen receptors by simple alkyl phenols. Endocrinology 102(5):1429-1435. DOI: 10.1210/endo-102-5-1429.
Soto AM, Lin TM, Justicia H, Silvia RM, Sonnenschein C. 1992. An "in culture" bioassay to assess the estrogenicity of xenobiotics (E-SCREEN). In: Colborn T, Clement C, eds. Chemically Induced Alterations in Sexual and Functional Development: The Wildlife/Human Connection. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Scientific Publishing Co., Inc. p 295-309. (Mehlman MA, ed. Advances in Modern Environmental Toxicology; 21). Link.
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
Mueller GC, Kim UH. 1978. Displacement of estradiol from estrogen receptors by simple alkyl phenols. Endocrinology 102(5):1429-1435. DOI: 10.1210/endo-102-5-1429
National Pesticide Information Retrieval System. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: p-sec-amylphenol, 4- ( 1-methyl-butyl ) phenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mueller GC, Kim UH. 1978. Displacement of estradiol from estrogen receptors by simple alkyl phenols. Endocrinology 102(5):1429-1435. DOI: 10.1210/endo-102-5-1429.
USE REFERENCES
Mueller GC, Kim UH. 1978. Displacement of estradiol from estrogen receptors by simple alkyl phenols. Endocrinology 102(5):1429-1435. DOI: 10.1210/endo-102-5-1429
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: p-tert-butylbenzoic acid
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Metabolite/Degradate, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Tollefsen KE, Eikvar S, Finne EF, Fogelberg O, Gregersen IK. 2008. Estrogenicity of alkylphenols and alkylated non-phenolics in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) primary hepatocyte culture. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 71(2):370-383. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.006.
USE REFERENCES
Kovarova J, Blahova J, Divisova L, Svobodova Z. 2013. Alkylphenol ethoxylates and alkylphenols–update information on occurrence, fate and toxicity in aquatic environment. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 16(4):763-72. DOI: 10.2478/pjvs-2013-0111
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1-bromo-4- ( 1 , 1-dimethylethyl ) benzene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Tollefsen KE, Eikvar S, Finne EF, Fogelberg O, Gregersen IK. 2008. Estrogenicity of alkylphenols and alkylated non-phenolics in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) primary hepatocyte culture. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 71(2):370-383. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.006.
USE REFERENCES
Kovarova J, Blahova J, Divisova L, Svobodova Z. 2013. Alkylphenol ethoxylates and alkylphenols–update information on occurrence, fate and toxicity in aquatic environment. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 16(4):763-72. DOI: 10.2478/pjvs-2013-0111
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: padaryl
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Metabolite/Degradate, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Tollefsen KE, Eikvar S, Finne EF, Fogelberg O, Gregersen IK. 2008. Estrogenicity of alkylphenols and alkylated non-phenolics in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) primary hepatocyte culture. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 71(2):370-383. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.006.
USE REFERENCES
Kovarova J, Blahova J, Divisova L, Svobodova Z. 2013. Alkylphenol ethoxylates and alkylphenols–update information on occurrence, fate and toxicity in aquatic environment. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 16(4):763-72. DOI: 10.2478/pjvs-2013-0111
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Tollefsen KE, Eikvar S, Finne EF, Fogelberg O, Gregersen IK. 2008. Estrogenicity of alkylphenols and alkylated non-phenolics in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) primary hepatocyte culture. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 71(2):370-383. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.006.
USE REFERENCES
Kovarova J, Blahova J, Divisova L, Svobodova Z. 2013. Alkylphenol ethoxylates and alkylphenols–update information on occurrence, fate and toxicity in aquatic environment. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 16(4):763-72. DOI: 10.2478/pjvs-2013-0111
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Tollefsen KE, Eikvar S, Finne EF, Fogelberg O, Gregersen IK. 2008. Estrogenicity of alkylphenols and alkylated non-phenolics in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) primary hepatocyte culture. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 71(2):370-383. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.006.
USE REFERENCES
Kovarova J, Blahova J, Divisova L, Svobodova Z. 2013. Alkylphenol ethoxylates and alkylphenols–update information on occurrence, fate and toxicity in aquatic environment. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 16(4):763-72. DOI: 10.2478/pjvs-2013-0111
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 27, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Tollefsen KE, Eikvar S, Finne EF, Fogelberg O, Gregersen IK. 2008. Estrogenicity of alkylphenols and alkylated non-phenolics in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) primary hepatocyte culture. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 71(2):370-383. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.006.
USE REFERENCES
Kovarova J, Blahova J, Divisova L, Svobodova Z. 2013. Alkylphenol ethoxylates and alkylphenols–update information on occurrence, fate and toxicity in aquatic environment. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 16(4):763-72. DOI: 10.2478/pjvs-2013-0111
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: p-tert-butylphenol, 4- ( 1 , 1-dimethylethyl ) phenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
Jobling S, Sumpter JP. 1993. Detergent components in sewage effluent are weakly oestrogenic to fish: An in vitro study using rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hepatocytes. Aquatic Toxicology 27(3-4):361-372. DOI: 10.1016/0166-445X(93)90064-8.
Miller D, Wheals BB, Beresford N, Sumpter JP. 2001. Estrogenic activity of phenolic additives determined by an in vitro yeast bioassay. Environ Health Perspect 109(2):133-138. DOI: 10.2307/3434765 .
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
National Pesticide Information Retrieval System. Link
Orem WH, Tatu CA, Lerch HE, Rice CA, Bartos TT, Bates AL, Tewalt S, Corum MD. 2007. Organic compounds in produced waters from coalbed natural gas wells in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming, USA. Appl Geochem 22(10):2240-2256. DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.04.010
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US FDA. Everything Added to Food in the United States (EAFUS). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: March 21, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-tert-butylcatechol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Thorpe KL, Hutchinson TH, Hetheridge MJ, Sumpter JP, Tyler CR. 2000. Development of an in vivo screening assay for estrogenic chemicals using juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2812-2820. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191128.
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4- ( 1 , 1 , 3 , 3-tetramethylbutyl ) phenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Metabolite/Degradate, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Abraham EJ, Frawley LS. 1997. Octylphenol (OP), an environmental estrogen, stimulates prolactin (PRL) gene expression. Life Sci 60(17):1457-1465. DOI: 10.1016/S0024-3205(97)00097-0.
Boockfor FR, Blake CA. 1997. Chronic administration of 4-tert-octylphenol to adult male rats causes shrinkage of the testes and male accessory sex organs, disrupts spermatogenesis, and increases the incidence of sperm deformities. Biol Reprod 57(2):267-277. DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod57.2.267.
Jobling S, Sheahan D, Osborne JA, Matthiessen P, Sumpter JP. 1996. Inhibition of testicular growth in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to estrogenic alkylphenolic chemicals. Environ Toxicol Chem 15(2):194-202. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620150218.
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
Tollefsen KE, Eikvar S, Finne EF, Fogelberg O, Gregersen IK. 2008. Estrogenicity of alkylphenols and alkylated non-phenolics in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) primary hepatocyte culture. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 72(2):370-83. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.006.
Tran DQ, Klotz DM, Ladlie BL, Ide CF, McLachlan JA, Arnold SF. 1996. Inhibition of progesterone receptor activity in yeast by synthetic chemicals. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 229(2):518-523. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1836.
USE REFERENCES
Rey Vazquez G, Meijide FJ, Da Cuna RH, Lo Nostro FL, Piazza YG, Babay PA, Trudeau VL, Maggese MC, Guerrero GA. 2009. Exposure to waterborne 4-tert-octylphenol induces vitellogenin synthesis and disrupts testis morphology in the South American freshwater fish Cichlasoma dimerus (Teleostei, Perciformes). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 150(2):298-306. DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2009.05.012
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
USE REFERENCES
Hanioka N, Tanaka-Kagawa T, Chung YS, Nishimura T, Jinno H, Ando M. 2000. Changes in hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes by biodegradation products of 4-tert-octylphenol polyethoxylate in rats. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 64(6):804-810. DOI: 10.1007/s001280000074
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: p-tert-amylphenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Metal/Metallurgy, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mueller GC, Kim UH. 1978. Displacement of estradiol from estrogen receptors by simple alkyl phenols. Endocrinology 102(5):1429-1435. DOI: 10.1210/endo-102-5-1429.
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Perez P, Pulgar R, Olea-Serrano F, Villalobos M, Rivas A, Metzler M, Pedraza V, Olea N. 1998. The estrogenicity of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes with various substituents at the central carbon and the hydroxy groups. Environ Health Perspect 106(3):167-174. DOI: 10.2307/3434318 .
USE REFERENCES
Perez P, Pulgar R, Olea-Serrano F, Villalobos M, Rivas A, Metzler M, Pedraza V, Olea N. 1998. The estrogenicity of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes with various substituents at the central carbon and the hydroxy groups. Environ Health Perspect 106(3):167-174. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.98106167
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: santonox
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Satoh K, Nonaka R, Ohyama KI, Nagai F, Ogata A, Iida M. 2008. Endocrine disruptive effects of chemicals eluted from nitrite-butadiene rubber gloves using reporter gene assay systems. Biol Pharm Bull 31(3):375-379. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.375.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: BBBC, santowhite powder
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Satoh K, Nonaka R, Ohashi N, Shimizu M, Oshio S, Takeda K. 2008. The effects of in utero exposure to a migrant, 4,4 '-butylidenebis(6-t-butyl-m-cresol), from nitrile-butadiene rubber gloves on monoamine neurotransmitter in rats. Biol Pharm Bull 31(12):2211-2215. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.2211.
USE REFERENCES
Satoh K, Nonaka R, Ohashi N, Shimizu M, Oshio S and Takeda K. 2008. The effects of in utero exposure to a migrant, 4,4 '-butylidenebis(6-t-butyl-m-cresol), from nitrile-butadiene rubber gloves on monoamine neurotransmitter in rats. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 31(12):2211-2215. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.2211
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: BPAP
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Coleman KP, Toscano WA, Jr., Wiese TE. 2003. Qsar models of the in vitro estrogen activity of bisphenol a analogs. QSAR Comb Sci 22:78-88 DOI: 10.1002/qsar.200390008.
Kobayashi S, Shinohara H, Tabata K, Yamamoto N and Miyai N. 2006. Stereo structure-controlled and electronic structure-controlled estrogen-like chemicals to design and develop non-estrogenic bisphenol A analogs based on chemical hardness concept. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 54(12):1633-1638. DOI: 10.1248/cpb.54.1633.
Zhang HC, Hu XL, Yin DQ, Lin ZF. 2011. Development of molecular docking-based binding energy to predict the joint effect of BPA and its analogs. Hum Exp Toxicol 30(4):318-327. DOI: 10.1177/0960327110372400.
USE REFERENCES
Zhang HC, Hu XL, Yin DQ and Lin ZF. 2011. Development of molecular docking-based binding energy to predict the joint effect of BPA and its analogs. Hum Exp Toxicol 30(4):318-327. DOI: 10.1177/0960327110372400
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: BPP, 2 , 2-bis ( 4-hydroxy-3-methyl ) phenylpropane
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Letcher RJ, Sanderson JT, Bokkers A, Giesy JP, Van Den Berg M. 2005. Effects of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes on vitellogenin production in male carp (Cyprinus carpio) hepatocytes and aromatase (CYP19) activity in human H295R adrenocortical carcinoma cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 209(2):95-104. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2005.03.013.
Zhang HC, Hu XL, Yin DQ, Lin ZF. 2011. Development of molecular docking-based binding energy to predict the joint effect of BPA and its analogs. Hum Exp Toxicol 30(4):318-327. DOI: 10.1177/0960327110372400.
USE REFERENCES
Zhang HC, Hu XL, Yin DQ and Lin ZF. 2011. Development of molecular docking-based binding energy to predict the joint effect of BPA and its analogs. Hum Exp Toxicol 30(4):318-327. DOI: 10.1177/0960327110372400
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Araki N, Ohno K, Nakai M, Takeyoshi M, Iida M. 2005. Screening for androgen receptor activities in 253 industrial chemicals by in vitro reporter gene assays using AR-EcoScreen cells. Toxicol In Vitro 19(6):831-842. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.04.009.
USE REFERENCES
Araki N, Ohno K, Nakai M, Takeyoshi M, Iida M. 2005. Screening for androgen receptor activities in 253 industrial chemicals by in vitro reporter gene assays using AR-EcoScreen cells. Toxicol In Vitro 19(6):831-842. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.04.009
DATE ADDED: September 20, 2013 DATE UPDATED: September 20, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4 , 4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, 4 , 4'-biphenyldiol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
Han D-H, Tachibana H, Yamada K. 2001. Inhibition of environmental estrogen-induced proliferation of human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells by flavonoids. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Animal 37(5):275-282. DOI: 10.1007/BF02577543.
Olsen CM, Meussen-Elholm ETM, Samuelsen M, Holme JA, Hongslo JK. 2003. Effects of the environmental oestrogens bisphenol A, tetrachlorobisphenol A, tetrabromobisphenol A, 4-hydroxybiphenyl and 4,4 '-dihydroxybiphenyl on oestrogen receptor binding, cell proliferation and regulation of oestrogen sensitive proteins in the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Pharmacology & Toxicology 92(4):180-188. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0773.2003.920408.x.
Paris F, Balaguer P, Terouanne B, Servant N, Lacoste C, Cravedi JP, Nicolas JC, Sultan C. 2002. Phenylphenols, biphenols, bisphenol-A and 4-tert-octylphenol exhibit alpha and beta estrogen activities and antiandrogen activity in reporter cell lines. Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology 193(1-2. Si):43-49. DOI: 10.1016/S0303-7207(02)00094-1.
Yamasaki K, Noda S, Imatanaka N, Yakabe Y. 2004. Comparative study of the uterotrophic potency of 14 chemicals in a uterotrophic assay and their receptor-binding affinity. Toxicol Lett 146(2):111-120. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2003.07.003.
USE REFERENCES
Alibaba.com Link
LookChem Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 23, 2013
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW, Seward JR, Sinks GD. 2000. Estrogenicity of benzophenones evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay: comparison of experimental and rules-based predicted activity. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(2):301-304. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620190208.
USE REFERENCES
Janorkar AV, Fritz EW Jr, Burg KJ, Metters AT, Hirt DE. 2007. Grafting amine-terminated branched architectures from poly(L-lactide) film surfaces for improved cell attachment. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 81(1):142-152. DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30647
Takanashi K, Chiba H, Higuchi M, Yamamoto K. 2004. Efficient synthesis of poly(phenylazomethine) dendrons allowing access to higher generation dendrimers. Org Lett 6(11):1709-1712. DOI: 10.1021/ol049656d
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-15 metabolite
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman Å, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95.
USE REFERENCES
Meerts IATM, van Zanden JJ, Luijks EAC, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Marsh G, Jakobsson E, Bergman A, Brouwer A. 2000. Potent competitive interactions of some brominated flame retardants and related compounds with human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Sci 56(1):95-104. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/56.1.95
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4 , 4'-diOH-PCB-1, 2-chloro-4 , 4'-biphenyldiol, 4 , 4'-dihydroxy-2'-chlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Korach KS, Sarver P, Chae K, McLachlan JA, McKinney JD. 1988. Estrogen receptor-binding activity of polychlorinated hydroxybiphenyls: conformationally restricted structural probes. Mol Pharmacol 33(1):120-126. Link.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 24, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4 , 4'-diOH-PCB-65, 2 , 3 , 5 , 6'-tetrachloro-4 , 4'-biphenyldiol
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Korach KS, Sarver P, Chae K, McLachlan JA, McKinney JD. 1988. Estrogen receptor-binding activity of polychlorinated hydroxybiphenyls: conformationally restricted structural probes. Mol Pharmacol 33(1):120-126. Link.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 24, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4 , 4'-diOH-PCB-80, 3 , 3' , 5 , 5'-tetrachloro-4 , 4'-biphenyldiol
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
Cheek AO, Kow K, Chen J, McLachlan JA. 1999. Potential mechanisms of thyroid disruption in humans: Interaction of organochlorine compounds with thyroid receptor, transthyretin, and thyroid-binding globulin. Environ Health Perspect 107(4):273-278. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.99107273.
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
Korach KS, Sarver P, Chae K, McLachlan JA, McKinney JD. 1988. Estrogen receptor-binding activity of polychlorinated hydroxybiphenyls: conformationally restricted structural probes. Mol Pharmacol 33(1):120-126. Link.
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
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ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 24, 2013
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Yamaguchi A, Ishibashi H, Kohra S, Arizono K, Tominaga N. 2005. Short-term effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on the expression of estrogen-responsive genes in male medaka (Oryzias latipes). Aquat Toxicol 72(3):239-249. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.12.011.
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Yamaguchi A, Ishibashi H, Kohra S, Arizono K, Tominaga N. 2005. Short-term effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on the expression of estrogen-responsive genes in male medaka (Oryzias latipes). Aquat Toxicol 72(3):239-249. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.12.011
DATE ADDED: February 17, 2015 DATE UPDATED: February 17, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Heneweer M, Muusse M, van den Berg M, Sanderson JT. 2005. Additive estrogenic effects of mixtures of frequently used UV filters on pS2-gene transcription in MCF-7 cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 208(2):170-177. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2005.02.006.
Kunz PY, Fent K. 2006. Multiple hormonal activities of UV filters and comparison of in vivo and in vitro estrogenic activity of ethyl-4-aminobenzoate in fish. Aquat Toxicol 79(4):305-324. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.06.016.
Kunz PY, Galicia HF, Fent K. 2006. Comparison of in vitro and in vivo estrogenic activity of UV filters in fish. Toxicol Sci 90(2):349-361 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj082.
Schultz TW, Seward JR, Sinks GD. 2000. Estrogenicity of benzophenones evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay: comparison of experimental and rules-based predicted activity. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(2):301-304. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620190208.
Suzuki T, Kitamura S, Khota R, Sugihara K, Fujimoto N, Ohta S. 2005. Estrogenic and antiandrogenic activities of 17 benzophenone derivatives used as UV stabilizers and sunscreens. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 203(1):9-17. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2004.07.005.
Yamasaki K, Takeyoshi M, Sawaki M, Imatanaka N, Shinoda K, Takatsuki M. 2003. Immature rat uterotrophic assay of 18 chemicals and Hershberger assay of 30 chemicals. Toxicology 183(1-3):93-115. DOI: 10.1016/S0300-483X(02)00445-6.
Yamasaki K, Takeyoshi M, Yakabe Y, Sawaki M, Takatsuki M. 2003. Comparison of the reporter gene assay for ERalpha antagonists with the immature rat uterotrophic assay of 10 chemicals. Toxicol Lett 142(1-2):119-131. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(03)00019-5.
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Polysciences. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
USE REFERENCES
Lappano R, Rosano C, Madeo A, Albanito L, Plastina P, Gabriele B, Forti L, Stivala LA, Iacopetta D, Dolce V, Ando S, Pezzi V, Maggiolini M. 2009. Structure-activity relationships of resveratrol and derivatives in breast cancer cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 53(7):845-858. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200800331
Sanoh S, Kitamura S, Sugihara K, Ohta S. 2002. Cytochrome P450 1A1/2 mediated metabolism of trans-stilbene in rats and humans. Biol Pharm Bull 25(3):397-400. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.25.397
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: DIB
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Yamada-Okabe T, Sakai H, Kashima Y, Yamada-Okabe H. 2005. Modulation at a cellular level of the thyroid hormone receptor-mediated gene expression by 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), 4,4'-diiodobiphenyl (DIB), and nitrofen (NIP). Toxicol Lett 155(1):127-133. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.09.005.
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ChemicalBook. Link
Yamada-Okabe T, Sakai H, Kashima Y, Yamada-Okabe H. 2005. Modulation at a cellular level of the thyroid hormone receptor-mediated gene expression by 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), 4,4'-diiodobiphenyl (DIB), and nitrofen (NIP). Toxicol Lett 155(1):127-133. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.09.005
DATE ADDED: September 24, 2013 DATE UPDATED: September 25, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4 , 4'- ( 1 , 2-ethanediyl ) bisphenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
USE REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: BPE, bis ( 4-hydroxyphenyl ) ethane
CATEGORY OF USE: Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Chen, MY, Ike, M, Fujita, M. 2002. Acute toxicity, mutagenicity, and estrogenicity of bisphenol-A and other bisphenols. Environmental Toxicology 17(1): 80-86. DOI: 10.1002/tox.10035.
Coleman KP, Toscano WA, Jr., Wiese TE. 2003. Qsar models of the in vitro estrogen activity of bisphenol a analogs. QSAR Comb Sci 22:78-88 DOI: 10.1002/qsar.200390008.
Zhang HC, Hu XL, Yin DQ, Lin ZF. 2011. Development of molecular docking-based binding energy to predict the joint effect of BPA and its analogs. Hum Exp Toxicol 30(4):318-327. DOI: 10.1177/0960327110372400.
USE REFERENCES
Zhang HC, Hu XL, Yin DQ and Lin ZF. 2011. Development of molecular docking-based binding energy to predict the joint effect of BPA and its analogs. Hum Exp Toxicol 30(4):318-327. DOI: 10.1177/0960327110372400
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4 , 4'-diaminodiphenylmethane
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Harada, Y., 1967. The effect of 4, 4'-methylenedianiline on adrenal corticosterone secretion in the rat. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine, 91(4), pp.315-322. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1620/tjem.91.315.
Yamashita, K., 1963. Adrenal-dependent effect of 4, 4'-methylenedianiline on endometrial carbonic anhydrase. American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content, 205(1), pp.195-197. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1963.205.1.195.
Yamashita, K., 1967. Inhibition by methylenedianiline of testicular 17-oxosteroid secretion stimulated by human chorionic gonadotrophin. Journal of Endocrinology, 37(4), pp.429-432. DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.0370429.
Yamashita, K., Nakasone, K. and Kawao, K., 1969. Inhibitory effect of methylenedianiline on testicular 17-oxosteroid secretion produced by pregnant mare serum. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine, 97(2), pp.175-180. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1620/tjem.97.175.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: June 20, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: diaminodiphenyl ether, 4 , 4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 4 , 4-oxydianiline, 4-aminophenyl ether, 4 , 4'-oxybisbenzenamine
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hayden, D.W., Wade, G.G. and Handler, A.H., 1978. The goitrogenic effect of 4, 4'-oxydianiline in rats and mice. Veterinary pathology, 15(5), pp.649-662. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/030098587801500508.
Murthy, A.K., Russfield, A.B. and Snow, G.J., 1985. Effect of 4, 4′-oxydianiline on the thyroid and pituitary glands of F344 rats: A morphologic study with the use of the immunoperoxidase method. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 74(1), pp.203-208. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/74.1.203.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: June 20, 2018
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: dimethyl oxazolidine, dimethyloxazolidine, DMO
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nakama A, Funasaka K, Shimizu M. 2007. Evaluation of estrogenic activity of organic biocides using ER-binding and YES assay. Food Chem Toxicol 45(9):1558-1564. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.02.014.
USE REFERENCES
Nakama A, Funasaka K and Shimizu M. 2007. Evaluation of estrogenic activity of organic biocides using ER-binding and YES assay. Food Chem Toxicol 45(9): 1558-1564. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.02.014
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Benisek M, Blaha L, Hilscherova K. 2008. Interference of PAHs and their N-heterocyclic analogs with signaling of retinoids in vitro. Toxicol in Vitro 22(8):1909-1917. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.09.009.
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Benisek M, Blaha L, Hilscherova K. 2008. Interference of PAHs and their N-heterocyclic analogs with signaling of retinoids in vitro. Toxicol in Vitro 22(8):1909-1917. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.09.009
DATE ADDED: August 12, 2015 DATE UPDATED: August 12, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4:2 FTOH
CATEGORY OF USE: Food additives and contact material
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Liu C, Du Y and Zhou B. 2007. Evaluation of estrogenic activities and mechanism of action of perfluorinated chemicals determined by vitellogenin induction in primary cultured tilapia hepatocytes. Aquatic toxicology 85(4):267-277. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.09.009.
Rosenmai AK, Taxvig C, Svingen T, Trier X, Vugt‐Lussenburg BMA, Pedersen M, Lesné L, Jégou B and Vinggaard AM. 2016. Fluorinated alkyl substances and technical mixtures used in food paper‐packaging exhibit endocrine‐related activity in vitro. Andrology 4(4):662-672. DOI: 10.1111/andr.12190.
USE REFERENCES
Rosenmai AK, Taxvig C, Svingen T, Trier X, Vugt‐Lussenburg BMA, Pedersen M, Lesné L, Jégou B and Vinggaard AM. 2016. Fluorinated alkyl substances and technical mixtures used in food paper‐packaging exhibit endocrine‐related activity in vitro. Andrology 4(4):662-672. DOI: 10.1111/andr.12190
DATE ADDED: December 6, 2017 DATE UPDATED: December 6, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4'-acetyl-PCB-61
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T, Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T and Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4'-bromo-PCB-61
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T, Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T and Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: p-chloroacetoacetanilide
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W, Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chem Res Toxicol 16(10):1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4'-cyano-PCB-61
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T, Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T and Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4'-ethyl-PCB-61
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T, Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T and Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4'-fluoro-PCB-61
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T, Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T and Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-172, 4-hydroxy-2 , 2' , 3 , 3' , 4' , 5 , 5'-heptachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
Moore M, Mustain M, Daniel K, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Antiestrogenic activity of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl congeners identified in human serum. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 142(1):160-168. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.8022.
Moore M, Mustain M, Daniel K, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Antiestrogenic activity of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl congeners identified in human serum. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 142(1):160-168. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.8022.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: October 2, 2013 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-130, 2 , 2' , 3 , 3' , 4' , 5-hexachloro-4-biphenylol, HO-PCB5
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
USE REFERENCES
Kester M H, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2000. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-180, 4-hydroxy-2 , 2' , 3' , 4 , 4' , 5 , 5'-heptachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Moore M, Mustain M, Daniel K, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Antiestrogenic activity of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl congeners identified in human serum. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 142(1):160-168. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.8022.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: October 2, 2013 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-86, 4-hydroxy-2 , 2' , 3' , 4' , 5'-pentachlorobiphenyl, 2 , 2' , 3' , 4' , 5'-pentachloro-4-biphenylol, 2-chloro-4- ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 5-tetrachlorophenyl ) phenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Connor K, Ramamoorthy K, Moore M, Mustain M, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as estrogens and antiestrogens: Structure-activity relationships. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 145(1):111-123. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1997.8169.
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: October 7, 2013 DATE UPDATED: August 12, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4-'OH-PCB-88, 4-hydroxy-2 , 2' , 3' , 4' , 6'-pentachlorobiphenyl, 2 , 2' , 3' , 4' , 6'-pentachloro-4-biphenylol, 3-chloro-4- ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 6-tetrachlorophenyl ) phenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Connor K, Ramamoorthy K, Moore M, Mustain M, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as estrogens and antiestrogens: Structure-activity relationships. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 145(1):111-123. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1997.8169.
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: October 7, 2013 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-93, 4-hydroxy-2 , 2' , 3' , 5' , 6'-pentachlorobiphenyl, 2 , 2' , 3' , 5' , 6'-pentachloro-4-biphenylol, 3-chloro-4- ( 2 , 3 , 5 , 6-tetrachlorophenyl ) phenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Connor K, Ramamoorthy K, Moore M, Mustain M, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as estrogens and antiestrogens: Structure-activity relationships. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 145(1):111-123. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1997.8169.
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: October 7, 2013 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PBDE-49, 4-hydroxy-2 , 2' , 4' , 5-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Visser TJ, Van Velzen MJM, Brouwer A, Bergman Å. 2008. Biotransformation of brominated flame retardants into potentially endocrine-disrupting metabolites, with special attention to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47). Mol Nutr Food Res 52(2):284-298. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700104.
USE REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Visser TJ, Van Velzen MJM, Brouwer A, Bergman Å. 2008. Biotransformation of brominated flame retardants into potentially endocrine-disrupting metabolites, with special attention to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47). Mol Nutr Food Res 52(2):284-298. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700104
DATE ADDED: October 22, 2013 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-50, 4-hydroxy-2 , 2' , 4' , 6'-tetrachlorobiphenyl, 2 , 2' , 4' , 6'-tetrachloro-4-biphenylol, 3-chloro-4- ( 2 , 4 , 6-trichlorophenyl ) phenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Connor K, Ramamoorthy K, Moore M, Mustain M, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as estrogens and antiestrogens: Structure-activity relationships. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 145(1):111-123. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1997.8169.
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: October 7, 2013 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-104, 4-hydroxy-2 , 2´ , 4´ , 6 , 6´-pentachlorobiphenyl, "2 , 4 , 6 , 2' , 6'-pentachloro-4-biphenylol" [sic , Fielden et al. 1997]
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fielden MR, Chen I, Chittim B, Safe SH, Zacharewski TR. 1997. Examination of the estrogenicity of 2,4,6,2',6'-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 104), its hydroxylated metabolite 2,4,6,2',6'-pentachloro-4-biphenylol (HO-PCB 104), and a further chlorinated derivative, 2,4,6,2',4',6'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 155). Environ Health Perspect 105(11):1238-1248. DOI: 10.2307/3433904 .
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
Fielden MR, Chen I, Chittim B, Safe SH, Zacharewski TR. 1997. Examination of the estrogenicity of 2,4,6,2',6'-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 104), its hydroxylated metabolite 2,4,6,2',6'-pentachloro-4-biphenylol (HO-PCB 104), and a further chlorinated derivative, 2,4,6,2',4',6'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 155). Environ Health Perspect 105(11):1238-1248. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.971051238
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-18, 4-hydroxy-2 , 2' , 5'-trichlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-106, 4-hydroxy-2' , 3 , 3' , 4' , 5'-pentachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cheek AO, Kow K, Chen J, McLachlan JA. 1999. Potential mechanisms of thyroid disruption in humans: Interaction of organochlorine compounds with thyroid receptor, transthyretin, and thyroid-binding globulin. Environ Health Perspect 107(4):273-278. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.99107273.
Connor K, Ramamoorthy K, Moore M, Mustain M, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as estrogens and antiestrogens: Structure-activity relationships. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 145(1):111-123. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1997.8169.
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
Okada K, Hashimoto S, Funae Y, Imaoka S. 2009. Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) interact with protein disulfide isomerase and inhibit its activity. Chem Res Toxicol 22(5):899-904. DOI: 10.1021/tx800476j
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4'-OH-PCB-159
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
USE REFERENCES
Kester M H, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2000. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-108, 4-hydroxy-2' , 3 , 3' , 4' , 5-pentachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
Moore M, Mustain M, Daniel K, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Antiestrogenic activity of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl congeners identified in human serum. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 142(1):160-168. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.8022.
Moore M, Mustain M, Daniel K, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Antiestrogenic activity of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl congeners identified in human serum. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 142(1):160-168. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.8022.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: October 2, 2013 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-109, 4-hydroxy-2' , 3 , 3' , 4' , 6'-pentachlorobiphenyl, 2' , 3 , 3' , 4' , 6'-pentachloro-4-biphenylol, 2-chloro-4- ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 6-tetrachlorophenyl ) phenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Connor K, Ramamoorthy K, Moore M, Mustain M, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as estrogens and antiestrogens: Structure-activity relationships. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 145(1):111-123. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1997.8169.
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: October 7, 2013 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-112, 4-hydroxy-2' , 3 , 3' , 5' , 6'-pentachlorobiphenyl, 2' , 3 , 3' , 5' , 6'-pentachloro-4-biphenylol, 2-chloro-4- ( 2 , 3 , 5 , 6-tetrachlorophenyl ) phenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Connor K, Ramamoorthy K, Moore M, Mustain M, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as estrogens and antiestrogens: Structure-activity relationships. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 145(1):111-123. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1997.8169.
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: October 7, 2013 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-61, 4-hydroxy-2' , 3' , 4' , 5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cheek AO, Kow K, Chen J, McLachlan JA. 1999. Potential mechanisms of thyroid disruption in humans: Interaction of organochlorine compounds with thyroid receptor, transthyretin, and thyroid-binding globulin. Environ Health Perspect 107(4):273-278. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.99107273.
Jin L, Tran DQ, Ide CF, McLachlan JA, Arnold SF. 1997. Several synthetic chemicals inhibit progesterone receptor-mediated transactivation in yeast. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 233(1):139-146. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6417.
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-120, 4-hydroxy-2´ , 3 , 4´ , 5 , 5´-pentachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Bergman A, Coughtrie MWH, Visser TJ. 1998. Inhibition of thyroid hormone sulfation by hydroxylated metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls. Chem Biol Interact 109(1-3):293-297. DOI: 10.1016/S0009-2797(97)00140-3.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 12, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-121, 4-hydroxy-2´ , 3 , 4´ , 5 , 6´-pentachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cheek AO, Kow K, Chen J, McLachlan JA. 1999. Potential mechanisms of thyroid disruption in humans: Interaction of organochlorine compounds with thyroid receptor, transthyretin, and thyroid-binding globulin. Environ Health Perspect 107(4):273-278. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.99107273.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
Kitamura S, Jinno N, Suzuki T, Sugihara K, Ohta S, Kuroki H, Fujimoto N. 2005. Thyroid hormone-like and estrogenic activity of hydroxylated PCBs in cell culture. Toxicology 208(3):377-387. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2004.11.037
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 12, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-69, 4-hydroxy-2' , 3 , 4' , 6'-tetrachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cheek AO, Kow K, Chen J, McLachlan JA. 1999. Potential mechanisms of thyroid disruption in humans: Interaction of organochlorine compounds with thyroid receptor, transthyretin, and thyroid-binding globulin. Environ Health Perspect 107(4):273-278. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.99107273.
Connor K, Ramamoorthy K, Moore M, Mustain M, Chen I, Safe S, Zacharewski T, Gillesby B, Joyeux A, Balaguer P. 1997. Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as estrogens and antiestrogens: Structure-activity relationships. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 145(1):111-123. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1997.8169.
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-30, 4-hydroxy-2' , 4' , 6'-trichlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gierthy JF, Arcaro KF, Floyd M. 1997. Assessment of PCB estrogenicity in a human breast cancer cell line. Chemosphere 34(5-7):1495-1505. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00446-3.
Jansen HT, Cooke PS, Porcelli J, Liu T-C, Hansen LG. 1993. Estrogenic and antiestrogenic actions of PCBs in the female rat: In vitro and in vivo studies. Reprod Toxicol 7(3):237-248. DOI: 10.1016/0890-6238(93)90230-5.
Jin L, Tran DQ, Ide CF, McLachlan JA, Arnold SF. 1997. Several synthetic chemicals inhibit progesterone receptor-mediated transactivation in yeast. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 233(1):139-146. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6417.
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
Kester M H, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2000. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-9, 4-hydroxy-2' , 5'-dichlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gierthy JF, Arcaro KF, Floyd M. 1997. Assessment of PCB estrogenicity in a human breast cancer cell line. Chemosphere 34(5-7):1495-1505. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00446-3.
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-10, 4-hydroxy-2' , 6'-dichlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Korach KS, Sarver P, Chae K, McLachlan JA, McKinney JD. 1988. Estrogen receptor-binding activity of polychlorinated hydroxybiphenyls: conformationally restricted structural probes. Mol Pharmacol 33(1):120-126. Link.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-35, 4-hydroxy-3 , 3' , 4'-trichlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-127, 4-hydroxy-3 , 3´ , 4´ , 5 , 5´-pentachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Bergman A, Coughtrie MWH, Visser TJ. 1998. Inhibition of thyroid hormone sulfation by hydroxylated metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls. Chem Biol Interact 109(1-3):293-297. DOI: 10.1016/S0009-2797(97)00140-3.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4'-OH-PCB-79
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
USE REFERENCES
Kester M H, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2000. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-OH-PCB-3, 4-hydroxy-4'-chlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gierthy JF, Arcaro KF, Floyd M. 1997. Assessment of PCB estrogenicity in a human breast cancer cell line. Chemosphere 34(5-7):1495-1505. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00446-3.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. EnvironToxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4-hydroxypropiophenone, paroxypropione
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. EnvironToxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4'-iodo-PCB-61
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T, Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T and Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4'-isopropyl-PCB-61
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T, Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T and Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4'-MeO-PCB-61
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T, Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T and Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4'-methyl-PCB-61
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T, Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T and Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4'-MeSO2-PCB-101, 4-methylsulfonyl-2 , 2´ , 4´ , 5 , 5´-pentachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kato Y, Haraguchi K, Shibahara T, Yumoto S, Masuda Y, Kimura R. 2000. Reduction of serum thyroxine concentrations by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Chemosphere 40(9-11):1233-1240. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00374-4.
USE REFERENCES
Kato Y, Haraguchi K, Shibahara T, Yumoto S, Masuda Y, Kimura R. 2000. Reduction of serum thyroxine concentrations by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Chemosphere 40(9-11):1233-1240. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00374-4
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4'-N-acetylamino-PCB-61
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T, Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T and Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4'-n-butyl-PCB-61
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T, Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T and Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4'-nitro-PCB-61
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T, Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T and Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4'-phenyl-PCB-61
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T, Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T and Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4'-t-butyl-PCB-61
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T, Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T and Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4'-trifluoromethyl-PCB-61
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T, Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3.
USE REFERENCES
Bandiera S, Sawyer TW, Campbell MA, Fujita T and Safe S. 1983. Competitive binding to the cytosolic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin receptor. Effects of structure on the affinities of substituted halogenated biphenyls--a QSAR analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 32(24):3803-3813. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90153-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Biogenic compound
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W, Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chem Res Toxicol 16(10):1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g.
USE REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W and Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chemical Research in Toxicology 16(10): 1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Biogenic compound
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W, Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chem Res Toxicol 16(10):1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g.
USE REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W and Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chemical Research in Toxicology 16(10): 1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 5-OH-PCB-1, 3-hydroxy-6-chlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 5-OH-PBDE-47
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Visser TJ, Van Velzen MJM, Brouwer A, Bergman Å. 2008. Biotransformation of brominated flame retardants into potentially endocrine-disrupting metabolites, with special attention to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47). Mol Nutr Food Res 52(2):284-298. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700104.
USE REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Visser TJ, Van Velzen MJM, Brouwer A, Bergman Å. 2008. Biotransformation of brominated flame retardants into potentially endocrine-disrupting metabolites, with special attention to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47). Mol Nutr Food Res 52(2):284-298. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700104
DATE ADDED: October 22, 2013 DATE UPDATED: August 15, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 5-OH-PCB-77
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
USE REFERENCES
Kester M H, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2000. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW and Sinks GD. 2002. Xenoestrogenic gene expression: structural features of active polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Environ Toxicol Chem 21(4): 783-786. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620210414.
USE REFERENCES
Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N and Hashimoto S. 2005. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 24(8):1984-1993. DOI: 10.1897/04-310R.1
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: orcinol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lindsay RH, Hill JB, Gaitan E, Cooksey RC, Jolley RL. 1992. Antithyroid effects of coal-derived pollutants. J Toxicol Environ Health 37(4):467-481. DOI: 10.1080/15287399209531686.
USE REFERENCES
Kahru A, Maloverjan A, Sillak H, Pollumaa L. 2002. The toxicity and fate of phenolic pollutants in the contaminated soils associated with the oil-shale industry. Environ Sci Pollut Res 9(S1):27-33. DOI: 10.1007/BF02987422
Lindsay RH, Hill JB, Gaitan E, Cooksey RC, Jolley RL. 1992. Antithyroid effects of coal-derived pollutants. J Toxicol Environ Health 37(4):467-481. DOI: 10.1080/15287399209531686
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 5-MeSO2-PCB-149, 3-methylsulfonyl-2 , 2´ , 4´ , 5 , 5´ , 6-hexachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kato Y, Haraguchi K, Shibahara T, Yumoto S, Masuda Y, Kimura R. 2000. Reduction of serum thyroxine concentrations by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Chemosphere 40(9-11):1233-1240. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00374-4.
USE REFERENCES
Kato Y, Haraguchi K, Shibahara T, Yumoto S, Masuda Y, Kimura R. 2000. Reduction of serum thyroxine concentrations by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Chemosphere 40(9-11):1233-1240. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00374-4
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3-dihydro-1H-benzo[a]cyclopent[h]anthracene
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cook JW, Dodds EC, Hewett CL, Lawson W. 1934. The oestrogenic activity of some condensed-ring compounds in relation to their other biological activities. Proc Roy Soc Ser B 114(788):272-286. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1934.0006 .
USE REFERENCES
Cook JW, Dodds EC, Hewett CL, Lawson W. 1934. The oestrogenic activity of some condensed-ring compounds in relation to their other biological activities. Proc R Soc Lond B 114(788):272-286. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1934.0006
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 5'-OH-PCB-105, 3-hydroxy-2' , 3' , 4 , 4' , 5-pentachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 5'-OH-PCB-126
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
USE REFERENCES
Kester M H, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2000. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 5'-MeSO2-PCB-132, 3-methylsulfonyl-2 , 2´ , 3´ , 4´ , 5 , 6-hexachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kato Y, Haraguchi K, Shibahara T, Yumoto S, Masuda Y, Kimura R. 2000. Reduction of serum thyroxine concentrations by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Chemosphere 40(9-11):1233-1240. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00374-4.
USE REFERENCES
Kato Y, Haraguchi K, Shibahara T, Yumoto S, Masuda Y, Kimura R. 2000. Reduction of serum thyroxine concentrations by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Chemosphere 40(9-11):1233-1240. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00374-4
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 6-bromonaphthol-2
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
Munoz de la Pena A, Perez Rodriguez M, Escandar GM. 2000. Optimization of the room-temperature phosphorescence of the 6-bromo-2-naphthol-alpha-cyclodextrin system in aqueous solution. Talanta 51(5):949-955. DOI: 10.1016/S0039-9140(99)00362-8
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl 7):113-122. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.95103s7113
Stano J, Micieta K, Neubert K, Luckner M, Adam H. 2002. A simple method for the identification and assay of extracellular plant beta-galactosidase. Pharmazie 57(3):176-177. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235.
USE REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 6-OH-PBDE-47
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Visser TJ, Van Velzen MJM, Brouwer A, Bergman Å. 2008. Biotransformation of brominated flame retardants into potentially endocrine-disrupting metabolites, with special attention to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47). Mol Nutr Food Res 52(2):284-298. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700104.
USE REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Visser TJ, Van Velzen MJM, Brouwer A, Bergman Å. 2008. Biotransformation of brominated flame retardants into potentially endocrine-disrupting metabolites, with special attention to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47). Mol Nutr Food Res 52(2):284-298. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700104
DATE ADDED: October 22, 2013 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 6-OH-PCB-111
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Shiraishi F, Okumura T, Nomachi M, Serizawa S, Nishikawa J, Edmonds JS, Shiraishi H, Morita M. 2003. Estrogenic and thyroid hormone activity of a series of hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyls. Chemosphere 52(1):33-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00261-3.
USE REFERENCES
Shiraishi F, Okumura T, Nomachi M, Serizawa S, Nishikawa J, Edmonds JS, Shiraishi H and Morita M. 2003. Estrogenic and thyroid hormone activity of a series of hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyls. Chemosphere 52(1):33-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00261-3
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 6-OH-PCB-2, 2-hydroxy-5-chlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 6-OH-PCB-77
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kester MH, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. 2000 . Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530.
USE REFERENCES
Kester M H, Bulduk S, Tibboel D, Meinl W, Glatt H, Falany CN, Coughtrie MW, Bergman A, Safe SH, Kuiper GG, Schuur AG, Brouwer A and Visser TJ. 2000. Potent inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase by hydroxylated PCB metabolites: a novel pathway explaining the estrogenic activity of PCBs. Endocrinology 141(5):1897–1900. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.5.7530
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Jin L, Tran DQ, Ide CF, McLachlan JA, Arnold SF. 1997. Several synthetic chemicals inhibit progesterone receptor-mediated transactivation in yeast. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 233(1):139-146. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6417.
Tran DQ, Ide CF, McLachlan JA, Arnold SF. 1996. The anti-estrogenic activity of selected polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in yeast expressing human estrogen receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 229(1):102-108. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1764.
USE REFERENCES
Buratti M, Campo L, Fustinoni S, Cirla PE, Martinotti I, Cavallo D, Foa V. 2007. Urinary hydroxylated metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as biomarkers of exposure in asphalt workers. Biomarkers 12(3):221-239. DOI: 10.1080/13547500601100110
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Biogenic compound
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W, Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chem Res Toxicol 16(10):1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g.
USE REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W and Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chemical Research in Toxicology 16(10): 1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Biogenic compound
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W, Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chem Res Toxicol 16(10):1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g.
USE REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W and Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chemical Research in Toxicology 16(10): 1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW and Sinks GD. 2002. Xenoestrogenic gene expression: structural features of active polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Environ Toxicol Chem 21(4): 783-786. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620210414.
USE REFERENCES
Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N and Hashimoto S. 2005. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 24(8):1984-1993. DOI: 10.1897/04-310R.1
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 27, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235.
USE REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: p-cresidine, 2-methoxy-5-methylaniline, 5-methyl-o-anisidine, p-cresidine, 2-amino-4-methylanisole, 3-amino-4-methoxytoluene, azoic red 36
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
National Toxicology Program, 1979. Bioassay of p-cresidine for possible carcinogenicity. National Cancer Institute carcinogenesis technical report series, 142, p.1. Link.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: June 20, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAME: MCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Astroff B, Eldridge B, Safe S. 1991. Inhibition of the 17 beta-estradiol-induced and constitutive expression of the cellular protooncogene c-fos by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in the female rat uterus. Toxicol Lett 56(3):305-315. DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(91)90159-4.
Astroff B, Safe S. 1988. Comparative antiestrogenic activities of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and 6-methyl-1,3,8-trichlorodibenzofuran in the female rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 95(3):435-443. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(88)90361-4.
Harper N, Wang X, Liu H, Safe S. 1994. Inhibition of estrogen-induced progesterone receptor in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells by aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor agonists. Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology 104(1):47-55. DOI: 10.1016/0303-7207(94)90050-7.
Zacharewski T, Harris M, Biegel L, Morrison V, Merchant M, Safe S. 1992. 6-Methyl-1,3,8-trichlorodibenzofuran (MCDF) as an antiestrogen in human and rodent cancer cell lines: evidence for the role of the Ah receptor. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 113(2):311-318. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(92)90130-K.
USE REFERENCES
Astroff B, Zacharewski T, Safe S, Arlotto MP, Parkinson A, Thomas P, Levin W. 1988. 6-methyl-1,3,8-trichlorodibenzofuran as a 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin antagonist: inhibition of the induction of rat cytochrome P-450 isozymes and related monooxygenase activities. Mol Pharmacol 33(2):231-236. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235.
USE REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Benisek M, Blaha L, Hilscherova K. 2008. Interference of PAHs and their N-heterocyclic analogs with signaling of retinoids in vitro. Toxicol in Vitro 22(8):1909-1917. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.09.009.
USE REFERENCES
Benisek M, Blaha L, Hilscherova K. 2008. Interference of PAHs and their N-heterocyclic analogs with signaling of retinoids in vitro. Toxicol in Vitro 22(8):1909-1917. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.09.009
DATE ADDED: August 12, 2015 DATE UPDATED: August 12, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235.
USE REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Coldham NG, Sauer MJ. 2001. Identification, quantitation and biological activity of phytoestrogens in a dietary supplement for breast enhancement. Food & Chemical Toxicology 39(12):1211-1224. DOI: 10.1016/S0278-6915(01)00081-3.
USE REFERENCES
Coldham NG, Sauer MJ. 2001. Identification, quantitation and biological activity of phytoestrogens in a dietary supplement for breast enhancement. Food Chem Toxicol 39(12):1211-1224. DOI: 10.1016/S0278-6915(01)00081-3
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235.
USE REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 6'-OH-PCB-106, 2-hydroxy-2' , 3' , 4' , 5 , 5'-pentachlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 6'-OH-PCB-26, 2-hydroxy-2' , 5 , 5'-trichlorobiphenyl
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 7-OH-3 , 4-DiCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 7-OH-B[a]P
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Hydroxylated benzo[a]pyrene metabolites are responsible for in vitro estrogen receptor-mediated gene expression induced by benzo[a]pyrene, but do not elicit uterotrophic effects in vivo. Toxicol Sci 59(2):231-240. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/59.2.231.
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A, Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1):41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010.
USE REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Matthews JB and Zacharewski TR. 2001. Hydroxylated benzo[a]pyrene metabolites are responsible for in vitro estrogen receptor-mediated gene expression induced by benzo[a]pyrene, but do not elicit uterotrophic effects in vivo. Toxicol Sci 59(2): 231-240. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/59.2.231
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A and Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1): 41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW and Sinks GD. 2002. Xenoestrogenic gene expression: structural features of active polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Environ Toxicol Chem 21(4): 783-786. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620210414.
USE REFERENCES
Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N and Hashimoto S. 2005. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 24(8):1984-1993. DOI: 10.1897/04-310R.1
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: DMBA
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
Vinggaard AM, Hnida C, Larsen JC. 2000. Environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons affect androgen receptor activation in vitro. Toxicology 145(2-3):173-183. DOI: 10.1016/S0300-483X(00)00143-8.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Zielinska B, Campbell D, Samburova V. 2014. Impact of emissions from natural gas production facilities on ambient air quality in the Barnett Shale area: a pilot study. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 64(12):1369-1383. DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2014.954735
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 7 , 8-OHBaP
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A, Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1):41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010.
USE REFERENCES
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A and Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1): 41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 8-OH-2-CDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 8-OH-2 , 3 , 4-TriCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 8-OH-3-CDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 8-OH-3 , 4-DiCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 8-OH-3 , 4 , 6-TriCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1994. Toxicological profile for Chlorodibenzofurans. Link
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 8-OH-5MeCR, 11-methyl-2-chrysenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7.
USE REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7 Get
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 8-OHBaP
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A, Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1):41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010.
USE REFERENCES
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A and Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1): 41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metal/Metallurgy, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW and Sinks GD. 2002. Xenoestrogenic gene expression: structural features of active polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Environ Toxicol Chem 21(4): 783-786. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620210414.
USE REFERENCES
Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N and Hashimoto S. 2005. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 24(8):1984-1993. DOI: 10.1897/04-310R.1
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235.
USE REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 8-MCDF
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235.
USE REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235.
USE REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235.
USE REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2 , 3 , 7-trichloro-8-methyldibenzo-p-dioxin, 2 , 3 , 7-trichloro-8-methyloxanthrene
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235.
USE REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 24, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235.
USE REFERENCES
Dickerson R, Keller LH, Safe S. 1995. Alkyl polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds as antiestrogens in the female rat uterus - Structure-activity studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 135(2):287-298. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1995.1235
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Coldham NG, Sauer MJ. 2001. Identification, quantitation and biological activity of phytoestrogens in a dietary supplement for breast enhancement. Food & Chemical Toxicology 39(12):1211-1224. DOI: 10.1016/S0278-6915(01)00081-3.
Izzo G, Soder O, Svechnikov K. 2011. The prenylflavonoid phytoestrogens 8-prenylnaringenin and isoxanthohumol diferentially suppress steroidogenesis in rat Leydig cells in ontogenesis. J Appl Toxicol 31(6):589-594. DOI: 10.1002/jat.1602.
Milligan S, Kalita J, Pocock V, Heyerick A, De Cooman L, Rong H, De Keukeleire D. 2002. Oestrogenic activity of the hop phyto-oestrogen, 8-prenylnaringenin. Reproduction 123(2):235-242. DOI: 10.1530/rep.0.1230235 .
USE REFERENCES
Coldham NG, Sauer MJ. 2001. Identification, quantitation and biological activity of phytoestrogens in a dietary supplement for breast enhancement. Food Chem Toxicol 39(12):1211-1224. DOI: 10.1016/S0278-6915(01)00081-3
Izzo G, Soder O, Svechnikov K. 2011. The prenylflavonoid phytoestrogens 8-prenylnaringenin and isoxanthohumol diferentially suppress steroidogenesis in rat Leydig cells in ontogenesis. J Appl Toxicol 31(6):589-594. DOI: 10.1002/jat.1602
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 8:2 diPAPS, 8:2 Fluorotelomer phosphate diester
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Rosenmai AK, Nielsen FK, Pedersen M, Hadrup N, Trier X, Christensen JH, Vinggaard AM. 2013 Jan 1. Fluorochemicals used in food packaging inhibit male sex hormone synthesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 266(1):132-142. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.10.022.
Rosenmai AK, Taxvig C, Svingen T, Trier X, Vugt‐Lussenburg BMA, Pedersen M, Lesné L, Jégou B and Vinggaard AM. 2016. Fluorinated alkyl substances and technical mixtures used in food paper‐packaging exhibit endocrine‐related activity in vitro. Andrology 4(4):662-672. DOI: 10.1111/andr.12190.
USE REFERENCES
Rosenmai AK, Nielsen FK, Pedersen M, Hadrup N, Trier X, Christensen JH and Vinggaard AM. 2013. Fluorochemicals used in food packaging inhibit male sex hormone synthesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 266(1):132-142. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.10.022
Rosenmai AK, Taxvig C, Svingen T, Trier X, Vugt‐Lussenburg BMA, Pedersen M, Lesné L, Jégou B and Vinggaard AM. 2016. Fluorinated alkyl substances and technical mixtures used in food paper‐packaging exhibit endocrine‐related activity in vitro. Andrology 4(4):662-672. DOI: 10.1111/andr.12190
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: December 6, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 8:2 FTOH, 1H , 1H , 2H , 2H-perfluorodecan-1-ol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Ishibashi H, Ishida H, Matsuoka M, Tominaga N and Arizono K. 2007. Estrogenic effects of fluorotelomer alcohols for human estrogen receptor isoforms α and β in vitro. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 30(7):1358-1359. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.30.1358.
Ishibashi H, Yamauchi R, Matsuoka M, Kim JW, Hirano M, Yamaguchi A, Tominaga N and Arizono K. 2008. Fluorotelomer alcohols induce hepatic vitellogenin through activation of the estrogen receptor in male medaka (Oryzias latipes). Chemosphere 71(10):1853-1859. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.01.065.
Liu C, Deng J, Yu L, Ramesh M and Zhou B. 2010. Endocrine disruption and reproductive impairment in zebrafish by exposure to 8: 2 fluorotelomer alcohol. Aquatic Toxicology 96(1):70-76. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2009.09.012.
Liu C, Du Y and Zhou B. 2007. Evaluation of estrogenic activities and mechanism of action of perfluorinated chemicals determined by vitellogenin induction in primary cultured tilapia hepatocytes. Aquatic toxicology 85(4):267-277. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.09.009.
Liu C, Zhang X, Chang H, Jones P, Wiseman S, Naile J, Hecker M, Giesy JP and Zhou B. 2010. Effects of fluorotelomer alcohol 8: 2 FTOH on steroidogenesis in H295R cells: targeting the cAMP signalling cascade. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 247(3):222-228. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2010.06.016.
Maras M, Vanparys C, Muylle F, Robbens J, Berger U, Barber JL, Blust R and De Coen W. 2006. Estrogen-like properties of fluorotelomer alcohols as revealed by MCF-7 breast cancer cell proliferation. Environ Health Perspect 114(1):100-5. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.8149.
Rosenmai AK, Nielsen FK, Pedersen M, Hadrup N, Trier X, Christensen JH, Vinggaard AM. 2013 Jan 1. Fluorochemicals used in food packaging inhibit male sex hormone synthesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 266(1):132-142. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.10.022.
Rosenmai AK, Nielsen FK, Pedersen M, Hadrup N, Trier X, Christensen JH, Vinggaard AM. 2013 Jan 1. Fluorochemicals used in food packaging inhibit male sex hormone synthesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 266(1):132-142. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.10.022.
USE REFERENCES
Rosenmai AK, Nielsen FK, Pedersen M, Hadrup N, Trier X, Christensen JH and Vinggaard AM. 2013. Fluorochemicals used in food packaging inhibit male sex hormone synthesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 266(1):132-142. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.10.022
Rosenmai AK, Taxvig C, Svingen T, Trier X, Vugt‐Lussenburg BMA, Pedersen M, Lesné L, Jégou B and Vinggaard AM. 2016. Fluorinated alkyl substances and technical mixtures used in food paper‐packaging exhibit endocrine‐related activity in vitro. Andrology 4(4):662-672. DOI: 10.1111/andr.12190
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: December 6, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 8:2 monoPAP, 8:2 fluorotelomer phosphate monoester
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Rosenmai AK, Nielsen FK, Pedersen M, Hadrup N, Trier X, Christensen JH, Vinggaard AM. 2013 Jan 1. Fluorochemicals used in food packaging inhibit male sex hormone synthesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 266(1):132-142. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.10.022.
Rosenmai AK, Taxvig C, Svingen T, Trier X, Vugt‐Lussenburg BMA, Pedersen M, Lesné L, Jégou B and Vinggaard AM. 2016. Fluorinated alkyl substances and technical mixtures used in food paper‐packaging exhibit endocrine‐related activity in vitro. Andrology 4(4):662-672. DOI: 10.1111/andr.12190.
USE REFERENCES
Rosenmai AK, Nielsen FK, Pedersen M, Hadrup N, Trier X, Christensen JH and Vinggaard AM. 2013. Fluorochemicals used in food packaging inhibit male sex hormone synthesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 266(1):132-142. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.10.022
Rosenmai AK, Taxvig C, Svingen T, Trier X, Vugt‐Lussenburg BMA, Pedersen M, Lesné L, Jégou B and Vinggaard AM. 2016. Fluorinated alkyl substances and technical mixtures used in food paper‐packaging exhibit endocrine‐related activity in vitro. Andrology 4(4):662-672. DOI: 10.1111/andr.12190
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: December 6, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 8:2 triPAP
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Rosenmai AK, Nielsen FK, Pedersen M, Hadrup N, Trier X, Christensen JH, Vinggaard AM. 2013 Jan 1. Fluorochemicals used in food packaging inhibit male sex hormone synthesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 266(1):132-142. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.10.022.
Rosenmai AK, Taxvig C, Svingen T, Trier X, Vugt‐Lussenburg BMA, Pedersen M, Lesné L, Jégou B and Vinggaard AM. 2016. Fluorinated alkyl substances and technical mixtures used in food paper‐packaging exhibit endocrine‐related activity in vitro. Andrology 4(4):662-672. DOI: 10.1111/andr.12190.
USE REFERENCES
Rosenmai AK, Nielsen FK, Pedersen M, Hadrup N, Trier X, Christensen JH and Vinggaard AM. 2013. Fluorochemicals used in food packaging inhibit male sex hormone synthesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 266(1):132-142. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.10.022
Rosenmai AK, Taxvig C, Svingen T, Trier X, Vugt‐Lussenburg BMA, Pedersen M, Lesné L, Jégou B and Vinggaard AM. 2016. Fluorinated alkyl substances and technical mixtures used in food paper‐packaging exhibit endocrine‐related activity in vitro. Andrology 4(4):662-672. DOI: 10.1111/andr.12190
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: December 6, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 9-OH-B[a]P
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Hydroxylated benzo[a]pyrene metabolites are responsible for in vitro estrogen receptor-mediated gene expression induced by benzo[a]pyrene, but do not elicit uterotrophic effects in vivo. Toxicol Sci 59(2):231-240. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/59.2.231.
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A, Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1):41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010.
USE REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Matthews JB and Zacharewski TR. 2001. Hydroxylated benzo[a]pyrene metabolites are responsible for in vitro estrogen receptor-mediated gene expression induced by benzo[a]pyrene, but do not elicit uterotrophic effects in vivo. Toxicol Sci 59(2): 231-240. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/59.2.231
van Lipzig MM, Vermeulen NP, Gusinu R, Legler J, Frank H, Seidel A and Meerman JH. 2005. Formation of estrogenic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene by cytochrome P450 activity and their combined and supra-maximal estrogenic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19(1): 41-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.010
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cook JW, Dodds EC, Hewett CL, Lawson W. 1934. The oestrogenic activity of some condensed-ring compounds in relation to their other biological activities. Proc Roy Soc Ser B 114(788):272-286. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1934.0006 .
USE REFERENCES
Cook JW, Dodds EC, Hewett CL, Lawson W. 1934. The oestrogenic activity of some condensed-ring compounds in relation to their other biological activities. Proc R Soc Lond B 114(788):272-286. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1934.0006
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cook JW, Dodds EC, Hewett CL, Lawson W. 1934. The oestrogenic activity of some condensed-ring compounds in relation to their other biological activities. Proc Roy Soc Ser B 114(788):272-286. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1934.0006 .
USE REFERENCES
Cook JW, Dodds EC, Hewett CL, Lawson W. 1934. The oestrogenic activity of some condensed-ring compounds in relation to their other biological activities. Proc R Soc Lond B 114(788):272-286. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1934.0006
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cook JW, Dodds EC, Hewett CL, Lawson W. 1934. The oestrogenic activity of some condensed-ring compounds in relation to their other biological activities. Proc Roy Soc Ser B 114(788):272-286. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1934.0006 .
USE REFERENCES
Cook JW, Dodds EC, Hewett CL, Lawson W. 1934. The oestrogenic activity of some condensed-ring compounds in relation to their other biological activities. Proc R Soc Lond B 114(788):272-286. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1934.0006
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Elbetieha A, Da'as SI. 2003. Assessment of antifertility activities of abamectin pesticide in male rats. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 55(3):307-313. DOI: 10.1016/S0147-6513(02)00165-3.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Metal/Metallurgy, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gupta M, Miggens J, Parrish A, Womack J, Ramos KS, Rodriguez LV, Goldstein LS, Holtzapple C, Stanker L, Safe SH. 1998. Ah receptor-independent induction of CYP1A2 gene expression in genetically inbred mice. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 5(3):205-213. DOI: 10.1016/S1382-6689(98)00004-0.
USE REFERENCES
Chemical and Product Categories (CPCAT) Link
Colborn T, Schultz K, Herrick L, Kwiatkowski C. 2014. An Exploratory Study of Air Quality near Natural Gas Operations. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 20(1):86-105. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2012.749447
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Rattner BA, Michael SD. 1985. Organophosphorus insecticide induced decrease in plasma luteinizing hormone concentration in white-footed mice. Toxicol Lett 24(1):65-69. DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(85)90141-9.
Singh AK, Jiang Y. 2003. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced activation of the immune system in control rats and rats chronically exposed to a low level of the organothiophosphate insecticide, acephate. Toxicol Ind Health 19(2-6):93-108. DOI: 10.1191/0748233703th181oa.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cannizzaro C, La Barbera M, Plescia F, Cacace S, Tringali G. 2010. Ethanol modulates corticotropin releasing hormone release from the rat hypothalamus: does acetaldehyde play a role? Alcohol Clin Exp Res 34(4):588-593. DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2009.01127.x.
Cobb CF, Van Thiel DH, Gavaler JS, Lester R. 1981. Effects of ethanol and acetaldehyde on the rat adrenal. Metabolism 30(6):537-543. DOI: 10.1016/0026-0495(81)90127-X.
Soffritti M, Belpoggi F, Lambertin L, Lauriola M, Padovani M, Maltoni C. 2002. Results of long-term experimental studies on the carcinogenicity of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in rats. Ann N Y Acad Sci 982:87-105. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04926.x.
Sreenathan RN, Padmanabhan R, Singh S. 1982. Teratogenic effects of acetaldehyde in the rat. Drug Alcohol Depend 9(4):339-350. DOI: 10.1016/0376-8716(82)90072-2.
Sreenathan RN, Singh S, Padmanabhan R. 1984. Implication of the placenta in acetaldehyde-induced intrauterine growth retardation. Drug Alcohol Depend 13(2):199-204. DOI: 10.1016/0376-8716(84)90059-0.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Waxman HA, Markey EJ, and DeGette D. 2011. Chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. United States House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce Minority Staff. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: mospilan
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kong, D., Zhang, J., Hou, X., Zhang, S., Tan, J., Chen, Y., Yang, W., Zeng, J., Han, Y., Liu, X. and Xu, D., 2016. Acetamiprid inhibits testosterone synthesis by affecting the mitochondrial function and cytoplasmic adenosine triphosphate production in rat Leydig cells. Biology of reproduction, 96(1), pp.254-265. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.116.139550.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: March 30, 2018
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hurley PM, Hill RN, Whiting RJ. 1998. Mode of carcinogenic action of pesticides inducing thyroid follicular cell tumors in rodents [review]. Environ Health Perspect 106(8):437-445. DOI: 10.2307/3434175 .
Rollerova E, Wsolova L, Urbancikova M. 2011. Neonatal exposure to herbicide acetochlor alters pubertal development in female Wistar rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 21(5):406-417. DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2010.551554.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mitran E, Callender T, Orha B, Dragnea P, Botezatu G. 1997. Neurotoxicity associated with occupational exposure to acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and cyclohexanone. Environ Res 73(1-2):181-188. DOI: 10.1006/enrs.1997.3703.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Waxman HA, Markey EJ, and DeGette D. 2011. Chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. United States House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce Minority Staff. Link
DATE ADDED: April 21, 2015 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
Takeuchi S, Iida M, Yabushita H, Matsuda T, Kojima H. 2008. In vitro screening for aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonistic activity in 200 pesticides using a highly sensitive reporter cell line, DR-EcoScreen cells, and in vivo mouse liver cytochrome P450-1A induction by propanil, diuron and linuron. Chemosphere 74(1):155-165. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.08.015.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Benisek M, Blaha L, Hilscherova K. 2008. Interference of PAHs and their N-heterocyclic analogs with signaling of retinoids in vitro. Toxicol in Vitro 22(8):1909-1917. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.09.009.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 12, 2015 DATE UPDATED: August 12, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2-propenamide, propeneamide
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metal/Metallurgy, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kassotis CD, Klemp KC, Vu DC, Lin CH, Meng CX, Besch-Williford CL, Pinatti L, Zoeller RT, Drobnis EZ, Balise VD, and Isiguzo CJ, 2015. Endocrine-disrupting activity of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and adverse health outcomes after prenatal exposure in male mice. Endocrinology, 156(12), pp.4458-4473. DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1375.
Tyl RW, Friedman MA, Losco PE, Fisher LC, Johnson KA, Strother DE, Wolf CH. 2000. Rat two-generation reproduction and dominant lethal study of acrylamide in drinking water. Repro Tox 14(5): 385-401. DOI: 10.1016/S0890-6238(00)00097-6.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Waxman HA, Markey EJ, and DeGette D. 2011. Chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. United States House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce Minority Staff. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: acrylonitrile monomer, AN, cyanoethylene, propenenitrile, 2-propenenitrile, VCN, vinyl cyanide, prop-2-enenitrile
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Johannsen, F.R. and Levinskas, G.J., 2002. Comparative chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity of acrylonitrile by drinking water and oral intubation to Spartan® Sprague–Dawley rats. Toxicology letters, 132(3), pp.197-219. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(02)00073-5.
Nemec, M.D., Kirkpatrick, D.T., Sherman, J., Van Miller, J.P., Pershing, M.L. and Strother, D.E., 2008. Two-generation reproductive toxicity study of inhaled acrylonitrile vapors in Crl: CD (SD) rats. International journal of toxicology, 27(1), pp.11-29. DOI: 10.1080/10915810701876463 .
Nilsen, O.G., Toftgård, R. and Eneroth, P., 1980. Effects of acrylonitrile on rat liver cytochrome P-450, benzo (a) pyrene metabolism and serum hormone levels. Toxicology letters, 6(6), pp.399-404. DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(80)90113-7.
Tandon, R., Saxena, D.K., Chandra, S.V., Seth, P.K. and Srivastava, S.P., 1988. Testicular effects of acrylonitrile in mice. Toxicology letters, 42(1), pp.55-63. DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(88)90102-6.
USE REFERENCES
Groh, K.J., Backhaus, T., Carney-Almroth, B., Geueke, B., Inostroza, P.A., Lennquist, A., Maffini, M., Leslie, H.A., Slunge, D., Trasande, L. and Warhurst, M., 2018. Chemicals associated with plastic packaging: Inventory and hazards. PeerJ Preprints, 6, p.e27036v1. DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.27036v1
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: September 26, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: celestolide, 4-acetyl-1 , 1-dimethyl-6-tert-butyl-indan, 4-acetyl-6-t-butyl-1 , 1-dimethylindan
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mori T, Iida M, Ishibashi H, Kohra S, Takao Y, Takemasa T, Arizono K. 2007. Hormonal activity of polycyclic musks evaluated by reporter gene assay. Environ Sci 14(4):195-202. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Mori T, Iida M, Ishibashi H, Kohra S, Takao Y, Takemasa T, Arizono K. 2007. Hormonal activity of polycyclic musks evaluated by reporter gene assay. Environ Sci 14(4):195-202. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 24, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: versalide, acetylethyltetramethyltetralin, ATTN
CATEGORY OF USE: Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akasaki Y, Takauchi S, Miyoshi K. 1990. Cerebellar degeneration induced by acetyl-ethyl-tetramethyl-tetralin (AETT). Acta Neuropathol 80(2):129-137. DOI: 10.1007/BF00308915.
Pennisi SC, Trombetta LD, Bidanset JH. 1984. Cytotoxic changes induced in rat-liver cells by short-term exposure to acetylethyltetramethyltetralin. Food Chem Toxicol 22(12):943-949. DOI: 10.1016/0278-6915(84)90143-1.
Schreurs RH, Sonneveld E, Jansen JH, Seinen W, van der Burg B. 2005. Interaction of polycyclic musks and UV filters with the estrogen receptor (ER), androgen receptor (AR), and progesterone receptor (PR) in reporter gene bioassays. Toxicol Sci 83(2):264-272. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfi035.
USE REFERENCES
OSPAR (Oslo and Paris Commission) 1999. Agenda Item 3. DIFF 99/3/12-E. OSPAR convention for the protection of the marine environment of the North-East Atlantic. Working group on diffuse sources (DIFF). Bern-Ittigen 18-22 October 1999. Draft Background Document concerning the Elaboration of Programmes and Measures on Musk Xylenes and other Musks. Presented by Switzerland.
DATE ADDED: July 31, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 1, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: phantolide, acetyl hexamethyl indan, 6-acetyl-1 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 3 , 5-hexamethylindan, 5-acetyl-1 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 3 , 6-hexamethylindan
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mori T, Iida M, Ishibashi H, Kohra S, Takao Y, Takemasa T, Arizono K. 2007. Hormonal activity of polycyclic musks evaluated by reporter gene assay. Environ Sci 14(4):195-202. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Mori T, Iida M, Ishibashi H, Kohra S, Takao Y, Takemasa T, Arizono K. 2007. Hormonal activity of polycyclic musks evaluated by reporter gene assay. Environ Sci 14(4):195-202. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 24, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: tonalide, 6-acetyl-1 , 1 , 2 , 4 , 4 , 7-hexamethyltetralin, 6-acetyl-1 , 1 , 2 , 4 , 4 , 7-hexamethyltetraline
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mori T, Iida M, Ishibashi H, Kohra S, Takao Y, Takemasa T, Arizono K. 2007. Hormonal activity of polycyclic musks evaluated by reporter gene assay. Environ Sci 14(4):195-202. Link.
USE REFERENCES
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 24, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Goldner WS, Sandler DP, Yu F, Shostrom V, Hoppin JA, Kamel F, LeVan TD. Hypothyroidism and pesticide use among male private pesticide applicators in the agricultural health study. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine/American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2013 Oct;55(10):1171. DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31829b290b.
Klotz DM, Beckman BS, Hill SM, McLachlan JA, Walters MR, Arnold SF. 1996. Identification of environmental chemicals with estrogenic activity using a combination of in vitro assays. Environ Health Perspect 104(10):1084-1089. DOI: 10.2307/3433121 .
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
Lemaire G, Mnif W, Pascussi JM, Pillon A, Rabenoelina F, Fenet H, Gomez E, Casellas C, Nicolas JC, Cavailles V, Duchesne MJ, Balaguer P. 2006. Identification of new human pregnane X receptor ligands among pesticides using a stable reporter cell system. Toxicol Sci 91(2):501-509. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj173.
Scippo ML, Argiris C, Van De Weerdt C, Muller M, Willemsen P, Martial J, Maghuin-Rogister G. 2004. Recombinant human estrogen, androgen and progesterone receptors for detection of potential endocrine disruptors. Anal Bioanal Chem 378(3):664-669. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-003-2251-0.
Wilson AGE, Thake DC, Heydens WE, Brewster DW, Hotz KJ. 1996. Mode of action of thyroid tumor formation in the male Long-Evans rat administered high doses of alachlor. Fundam Appl Toxicol 33(1):16-23. DOI: 10.1006/faat.1996.0138.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Casale GP, Vennerstrom JL, Bavari S, Wang T. 1993. Inhibition of interleukin 2 driven proliferation of mouse CTLL2 cells, by selected carbamate and organophosphate insecticides and congeners of carbaryl. Immunopharmacology & Immunotoxicology 15(2 & 3):199-215. DOI: 10.3109/08923979309025994.
Hajoui O, Flipo D, Mansour S, Fournier M, Krzystyniak K. 1992. Immunotoxicity of subchronic versus chronic exposure to aldicarb in mice. Int J Immunopharmacol 14(7):1203-1211. DOI: 10.1016/0192-0561(92)90056-Q.
Kanayama T, Kobayashi N, Mamiya S, Nakanishi T, Nishikawa J. 2005. Organotin compounds promote adipocyte differentiation as agonists of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor [gamma]/retinoid X receptor pathway. Mol Pharmacol 67(3):766-774. DOI: 10.1124/mol.104.008409 .
Klotz DM, Arnold SF, McLachlan JA. 1997. Inhibition of 17 beta-estradiol and progesterone activity in human breast and endometrial cancer cells by carbamate insecticides. Life Sci 60(17):1467-1475. DOI: 10.1016/S0024-3205(97)00098-2.
Smulders CJ, Bueters TJ, Van Kleef RG, Vijverberg HP. 2003. Selective effects of carbamate pesticides on rat neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and rat brain acetylcholinesterase. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 193(2):139-146. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2003.07.011.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Abalis IM, Eldefrawi ME, Eldefrawi AT. 1985. High-affinity stereospecific binding of cyclodiene insecticides and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane to gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors of rat brain. Pesticide Biochemistry & Physiology 24(1):95-102. DOI: 10.1016/0048-3575(85)90118-X.
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
Kuzan FB, Prahlad KV. 1975. The effects of 1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro-1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydroxy endo, exo-5, 8-dimthionaphthalene (aldrin) and sodium ethylenebisdithiocarbomate (Nabam) on the chick. Poult Sci 54(4):1054-1064. DOI: 10.3382/ps.0541054.
Scippo ML, Argiris C, Van De Weerdt C, Muller M, Willemsen P, Martial J, Maghuin-Rogister G. 2004. Recombinant human estrogen, androgen and progesterone receptors for detection of potential endocrine disruptors. Anal Bioanal Chem 378(3):664-669. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-003-2251-0.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: Turkey red
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N, Hashimoto S. 2005. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environ Toxicol Chem 24(8):1984-1993. DOI: 10.1897/04-310R.1.
Matsuda H, Shimoda H, Morikawa T, Yoshikawa M. 2001. Phytoestrogens from the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum (Polygonaceae): structure-requirement of hydroxyanthraquinones for estrogenic activity. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 11(14):1839-1842. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-894X(01)00318-3.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Becker RA, Bergfelt DR, Borghoff S, Davis JP, Hamby BT, O'Connor JC, Kaplan AM, Sloan CS, Tyl RW, Wade M, Marty MS. 2012. Interlaboratory Study Comparison of the 15‐Day Intact Adult Male Rat Screening Assay: Evaluation of an Antithyroid Chemical and a Negative Control Chemical. Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology. 95(1):63-78. DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.20343.
Irwin RD. 2006. NTP Technical Report on the comparative toxicity studies of allyl acetate (CAS No. 591-87-7), allyl alcohol (CAS No. 107-18-6) and acrolein (CAS No. 107-02-8) administered by gavage to F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice. Toxicity report series. (48):1-73. Link.
Moustafa SA. 2001. Effect of glutathione (GSH) depletion on the serum levels of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and T3/T4 ratio in allyl alcohol-treated male rats and possible protection with zinc. International journal of toxicology. 20(1):15-20. Link.
O'Connor JC, Sue Marty M, Becker RA, Snajdr S, Michael Kaplan A. 2008. Results of the negative control chemical allyl alcohol in the 15‐day intact adult male rat screening assay for endocrine activity. Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology. 83(2):117-22. DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.20152.
Pellinen P, Stenbäck F, Rautio A, Pelkonen O, Lang M, Pasanen M. 1993. Response of mouse liver coumarin 7-hydroxylase activity to hepatotoxins: dependence on strain and agent and comparison to other monooxygenases. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology. 348(4):435-43. DOI: 10.1007/BF00171345.
Slott VL, Hales BF. 1985. Teratogenicity and embryolethality of acrolein and structurally related compounds in rats. Teratology. 32(1):65-72. DOI: 10.1002/tera.1420320110.
USE REFERENCES
US EPA. 2017. Inert Ingredients Overview and Guidance. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: September 18, 2017 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: ACH
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kluwe WM, Gupta BN, Lamb JC 4th. 1983. The comparative effects of 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) and its metabolites, 3-chloro-1,2-propaneoxide (epichlorohydrin), 3-chloro-1,2- propanediol (alphachlorohydrin), and oxalic acid, on the urogenital system of male rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 70(1):67-86. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(83)90180-1.
Omura M, Hirata M, Zhao M, Tanaka A, Inoue N. 1995. Comparative testicular toxicities of two isomers of dichloropropanol, 2,3-dichloro-1-propanol, and 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol, and their metabolites alpha-chlorohydrin and epichlorohydrin, and the potent testicular toxicant 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 55(1):1-7. DOI: 10.1007/BF00212381.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: endosulfan I
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Abalis IM, Eldefrawi ME, Eldefrawi AT. 1985. High-affinity stereospecific binding of cyclodiene insecticides and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane to gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors of rat brain. Pesticide Biochemistry & Physiology 24(1):95-102. DOI: 10.1016/0048-3575(85)90118-X.
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
Scippo ML, Argiris C, Van De Weerdt C, Muller M, Willemsen P, Martial J, Maghuin-Rogister G. 2004. Recombinant human estrogen, androgen and progesterone receptors for detection of potential endocrine disruptors. Anal Bioanal Chem 378(3):664-669. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-003-2251-0.
Soto AM, Chung KL, Sonnenschein C. 1994. The pesticides endosulfan, toxaphene and dieldrin have estrogenic properties in human estrogen-sensitive cells. Environ Health Perspect 102(4):380-383. Link.
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
Abalis IM, Eldefrawi ME, Eldefrawi AT. 1985. High-affinity stereospecific binding of cyclodiene insecticides and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane to gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors of rat brain. Pestic Biochem Physiol 24(1):95-102. DOI: 10.1016/0048-3575(85)90118-X
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: alpha-HCH, alpha-benzene hexachloride, alpha-BHC
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: α-NF, 7 , 8 benzoflavone
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Campbell DR, Kurzer MS. 1993. Flavonoid inhibition of aromatase enzyme activity in human preadipocytes. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 46(3):381-388. DOI: 10.1016/0960-0760(93)90228-O.
Pelissero C, Lenczowski MJP, Chinzi D, Davail-Cuisset B, Sumpter JP, Fostier A. 1996. Effects of flavonoids on aromatase activity, an in vitro study. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 57(3-4):215-223. DOI: 10.1016/0960-0760(95)00261-8.
USE REFERENCES
Campbell DR, Kurzer MS. 1993. Flavonoid inhibition of aromatase enzyme activity in human preadipocytes. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 46(3):381-388. DOI: 10.1016/0960-0760(93)90228-O
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: vitamin E
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Food additives and contact material, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Rosenberg RS, Grass L, Jenkins DJ, Kendall CWC, Diamandis EP. 1998. Modulation of androgen and progesterone receptors by phytochemicals in breast cancer cell lines. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 248(3):935-939. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8977.
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Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code. Standard 1.2.4 - Labelling of ingredients. Link
PUBCHEM. Tocopherols. Link
UK Food Standards Agency. Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers. Link
US FDA. 2012. Food Additive Status List. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Weiser H, Riss G, Kormann AW. 1996. Biodiscrimination of the eight alpha-tocopherol stereoisomers results in preferential accumulation of the four 2R forms in tissues and plasma of rats. J Nutr 126(10):2539-2549. DOI: 10.1093/jn/126.10.2539
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 17, 2013
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Minervini F, Dell'Aquila ME, Maritato F, Minoia P, Visconti A. 2001. Toxic effects of the mycotoxin zearalenone and its derivatives on in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes and 17 beta-estradiol levels in mural granulosa cell cultures. Toxicol in Vitro 15(4-5):489-495. DOI: 10.1016/S0887-2333(01)00068-6.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: aluminium
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Metal/Metallurgy, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gonzalez-Suarez I, Alvarez-Hernandez D, Carrillo-Lopez N, Naves-Diaz M, Luis Fernandez-Martin J, Cannata-Andia JB. 2005. Aluminum posttranscriptional regulation of parathyroid hormone synthesis: a role for the calcium-sensing receptor. Kidney Int 68(6):2484-2496. DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00724.x.
Waring CP, Brown JA, Collins JE, Prunet P. 1996. Plasma prolactin, cortisol, and thyroid responses of the brown trout (Salmo trutta) exposed to lethal and sublethal aluminium in acidic soft waters. General & Comparative Endocrinology 102(3):377-385. DOI: 10.1006/gcen.1996.0081.
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US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA-PPTS. 1998. Status of Pesticides in Registration, Reregistration, and Special Review. EPA 738-R-98-002, p. 295.
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Ziemkiewicz PF, Quaranta JD, Darnell A, Wise R. 2014. Exposure pathways related to shale gas development and procedures for reducing environmental and public risk. J Nat Gas Sci Eng 16(0):77-84. DOI: 10.1016/j.jngse.2013.11.003
Ziemkiewicz PF, Thomas He Y. 2015. Evolution of water chemistry during Marcellus Shale gas development: A case study in West Virginia. Chemosphere 134:224-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.040
DATE ADDED: June 16, 2011 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: tetrafluoroaluminate anion, aluminium fluoride, AlF4-
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Metal/Metallurgy
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Morgan PJ, Hastings MH, Thompson M, Barrett P, Lawson W, Davidson G. 1991. Intracellular signalling in the ovine pars tuberalis: an investigation using aluminium fluoride and melatonin. J Mol Endocrinol 7(2):137-144. DOI: 10.1677/jme.0.0070137.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: June 16, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 1, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: aluminium sulphate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Alleva E, Rankin J, Santucci D. 1998. Neurobehavioral alteration in rodents following developmental exposure to aluminum. Toxicol Ind Health 14(1-2):209-221. DOI: 10.1177/074823379801400113.
USE REFERENCES
National Pesticide Information Retrieval System. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: June 16, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 1, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: ametryne ( UK )
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Wiltrout RW, Ercegovich CD, Ceglowski WS. 1978. Humoral immunity in mice following oral administration of selected pesticides. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 20(3):423-431. DOI: 10.1007/BF01683542.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cascino P, Nectoux M, Guiraud G, Bounias M. 1989. The formamidine amitraz as a hyperglycemic alpha-agonist in worker honeybees (Apis mellifera mellifera L.) in vivo. Biomed Environ Sci 2(2):106-114. Link.
Chou CP, Lu SY, Ueng TH. 2008. Modulation of serum concentrations and hepatic metabolism of 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone by amitraz in rats. Arch Toxicol 82(10): 729-737. DOI: 10.1007/s00204-008-0288-8.
Costa LG, Olibet G, Murphy SD. 1988. Alpha2-adrenoceptors as a target for formamidine pesticides: In vitro and in vivo studies in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 93(2):319-328. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(88)90132-9.
Palermo-Neto J, Florio JC, Sakate M. 1994. Developmental and behavioral effects of prenatal amitraz exposure in rats. Neurotoxicol Teratol 16(1):65-70. DOI: 10.1016/0892-0362(94)90010-8.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: aminotriazole, aminotriazol, amitrol, 2-amino-1 , 3 , 4-triazole, 3-amino-1 , 2 , 4-triazole,
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fregly MJ. 1968. Effect of aminotriazole on thyroid function in the rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 13(3):271-286. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(68)90101-4.
Hurley PM, Hill RN, Whiting RJ. 1998. Mode of carcinogenic action of pesticides inducing thyroid follicular cell tumors in rodents [review]. Environ Health Perspect 106(8):437-445. DOI: 10.2307/3434175 .
Jukes TH, Shaffer CB. 1960. Antithyroid effects of aminotriazole. Science 132(3422):296-297. DOI: 10.1126/science.132.3422.296 .
Steinhoff D, Weber H, Mohr U, Boehme K. 1983. Evaluation of amitrole (aminotriazole) for potential carcinogenicity in orally dosed rats, mice, and golden hamsters. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 69(2):161-169. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(83)90296-X.
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Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
Heim WG, Appleman D, Pyfrom HT. 1955. Production of catalase changes in animals with 3-amino-1, 2, 4-triazole. Science 122(3172):693-694. DOI: 10.1126/science.122.3172.693
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 24, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
De SN, Bhattacharya S. 1976. Effect of some industrial pollutants on fish thyroid peroxidase activity and role of cytochrome C thereon. Indian J Exp Biol 14(5):561-563. Link.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Flame retardant, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metal/Metallurgy, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Won JH, Parekattil SJ, Davidson SD, Luddy JS, Choudhury MS, Mallouh C, Tazaki H, Konno S. 1999. Ammonium-chloride-induced prostatic hypertrophy in vitro: urinary ammonia as a potential risk factor for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urol Res 27(5):376-381. DOI: 10.1007/s002400050166.
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US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Waxman HA, Markey EJ, and DeGette D. 2011. Chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. United States House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce Minority Staff. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Greenlee AR, Ellis TM, Berg RL. 2004. Low-dose agrochemicals and lawn-care pesticides induce developmental toxicity in murine preimplantation embryos. Environ Health Perspect 112(6):703-709. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.6774.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: February 19, 2015 DATE UPDATED: February 19, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Goleman WL, Carr JA, Anderson TA. 2002. Environmentally relevant concentrations of ammonium perchlorate inhibit thyroid function and alter sex ratios in developing Xenopus laevis. Environ Toxicol Chem 21(3):590-597. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620210318.
Goleman WL, Urquidi LJ, Anderson TA, Smith EE, Kendall RJ, Carr JA. 2002. Environmentally relevant concentrations of ammonium perchlorate inhibit development and metamorphosis in Xenopus laevis. Environ Toxicol Chem 21(2):424-430. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620210227.
York RG, Brown WR, Girard MF, Dollarhide JS. 2001. Oral (drinking water) developmental toxicity study of ammonium perchlorate in New Zealand White rabbits. International Journal of Toxicology 20(4):199-205. Link.
York RG, Brown WR, Girard MF, Dollarhide JS. 2001. Two-generation reproduction study of ammonium perchlorate in drinking water in rats evaluates thyroid toxicity. International Journal of Toxicology 20(4):183-197. Link.
York RG, Funk KA, Girard MF, Mattie D, Strawson JE. 2003. Oral (drinking water) developmental toxicity study of ammonium perchlorate in Sprague-Dawley rats. International Journal of Toxicology 22(6):453-464. DOI: 10.1177/109158180302200606.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 5, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 5, 2014
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Flame retardant, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Metal/Metallurgy, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Ram RN, Sathyanesan AG. 1986. Inclusion bodies: formation and degeneration of the oocytes in the fish Channa punctatus (Bloch) in response to ammonium sulfate treatment. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 11(3):272-276. DOI: 10.1016/0147-6513(86)90101-6.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Waxman HA, Markey EJ, and DeGette D. 2011. Chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. United States House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce Minority Staff. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Smith ER, Quinn MM. 1992. Uterotropic action in rats of amsonic acid and three of its synthetic precursors. Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health 36(1):13-25. DOI: 10.1080/15287399209531620.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hall AT, Oris JT. 1991. Anthracene reduces reproductive potential and is maternally transferred during long-term exposure in fathead minnows. Aquatic Toxicology 19(3):249-264. DOI: 10.1016/0166-445X(91)90022-2.
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Paulik LB, Donald CE, Smith BW, Tidwell LG, Hobbie KA, Kincl L, Haynes EN, and Anderson KA, 2016. Emissions of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Natural Gas Extraction into Air. Environ Sci Technol 50(14):7921-7929. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02762
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
Zielinska B, Campbell D, Samburova V. 2014. Impact of emissions from natural gas production facilities on ambient air quality in the Barnett Shale area: a pilot study. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 64(12):1369-1383. DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2014.954735
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N, Hashimoto S. 2005. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environ Toxicol Chem 24(8):1984-1993. DOI: 10.1897/04-310R.1.
USE REFERENCES
Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N and Hashimoto S. 2005. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 24(8):1984-1993. DOI: 10.1897/04-310R.1
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: antimony trichloride
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metal/Metallurgy
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Choe SY, Kim SJ, Kim HG, Lee JH, Choi Y, Lee H, Kim Y. 2003. Evaluation of estrogenicity of major heavy metals. Sci Total Environ 312(1-3):15-21. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00190-6.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
Oberdörster E, Clay MA, Cottam DM, Wilmot FA, McLachlan JA, Milner MJ. 2001. Common phytochemicals are ecdysteroid agonists and antagonists: a possible evolutionary link between vertebrate and invertebrate steroid hormones. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 77(4-5):229-238. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-0760(01)00067-X.
Rosenberg RS, Grass L, Jenkins DJ, Kendall CWC, Diamandis EP. 1998. Modulation of androgen and progesterone receptors by phytochemicals in breast cancer cell lines. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 248(3):935-939. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8977.
Scippo ML, Argiris C, Van De Weerdt C, Muller M, Willemsen P, Martial J, Maghuin-Rogister G. 2004. Recombinant human estrogen, androgen and progesterone receptors for detection of potential endocrine disruptors. Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry 378(3):664-669. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-003-2251-0.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 17, 2013
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gellert RJ. 1978. Uterotrophic activity of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and induction of precocious reproductive aging in neonatally treated female rats. Environ Res 16(1-3):123-130 . DOI: 10.1016/0013-9351(78)90149-4.
Petit F, Le Goff P, Cravedi JP, Valotaire Y, Pakdel F. 1997. Two complementary bioassays for screening the estrogenic potency of xenobiotics: recombinant yeast for trout estrogen receptor and trout hepatocyte cultures. J Mol Endocrinol 19(3):321-335. DOI: 10.1677/jme.0.0190321.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Jansen HT, Cooke PS, Porcelli J, Liu T-C, Hansen LG. 1993. Estrogenic and antiestrogenic actions of PCBs in the female rat: In vitro and in vivo studies. Reprod Toxicol 7(3):237-248. DOI: 10.1016/0890-6238(93)90230-5.
Vonier PM, Crain DA, McLachlan JA, Guillette LJ Jr., Arnold SF. 1996. Interaction of environmental chemicals with the estrogen and progesterone receptors from the oviduct of the American alligator. Environ Health Perspect 104(12):1318-1322. DOI: 10.2307/3432968 .
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Petit F, Le Goff P, Cravedi JP, Valotaire Y, Pakdel F. 1997. Two complementary bioassays for screening the estrogenic potency of xenobiotics: recombinant yeast for trout estrogen receptor and trout hepatocyte cultures. J Mol Endocrinol 19(3):321-335. DOI: 10.1677/jme.0.0190321.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gellert RJ. 1978. Uterotrophic activity of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and induction of precocious reproductive aging in neonatally treated female rats. Environ Res 16(1-3):123-130 . DOI: 10.1016/0013-9351(78)90149-4.
Hornhardt S, Jenke HS, Michel G. 1994. Polychlorinated biphenyls modulate protooncogene expression in Chang liver cells. FEBS Lett 339(1-2):185-188. DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(94)80412-5.
Portigal CL, Cowell SP, Fedoruk MN, Butler CM, Rennie PS, Nelson CC. 2002. Polychlorinated biphenyls interfere with androgen-induced transcriptional activation and hormone binding. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 179(3):185-194. DOI: 10.1006/taap.2002.9371.
Yang D, Kim KH, Phimister A, Bachstetter AD, Ward TR, Stackman RW, Mervis RF, Wisniewski AB, Klein SL, Kodavanti PR, Anderson KA, Wayman G, Pessah IN, Lein PJ. 2009. Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls interferes with experience-dependent dendritic plasticity and ryanodine receptor expression in weanling rats. Environ Health Perspect 117(3):426-435. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.11771.
Zoeller RT, Dowling AL, Vas AA. 2000. Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls exerts thyroid hormone-like effects on the expression of RC3/neurogranin and myelin basic protein messenger ribonucleic acids in the developing rat brain. Endocrinology 141(1):181-189. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.1.7273.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hurst JG, Newcomer WS, Morrison JA. 1974. Some effects of DDT, Toxaphene and Polychlorinated Biphenyl on thyroid function in Bobwhite Quail. Poult Sci 53(1):125-133. DOI: 10.3382/ps.0530125.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bitman J, Cecil HC. 1970. Estrogenic activity of DDT analogs and polychlorinated biphenyls. Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry 18(6):1108-1112. DOI: 10.1021/jf60172a019.
USE REFERENCES
ChemicalBook. 2010. Aroclor 5442. Link
Electron Microscopy Sciences. 2011. Adhesives and Mountants for Materials Science & Metrology. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 12, 2013
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
McKee RH, Wong ZA, Schmitt S, Beatty P, Swanson M, Schreiner CA, Schardein JL. 1990. The reproductive and developmental toxicity of High Flash Aromatic Naphtha. Toxicol Ind Health 6(3-4):441-460 DOI: 10.1177/074823379000600307.
USE REFERENCES
The Endocrine Disruption Exchange. 2011. Multistate Report Spreadsheet. Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Metal/Metallurgy, Pesticide ingredient, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bodwell JE, Gosse JA, Nomikos AP, Hamilton JW. 2006. Arsenic disruption of steroid receptor gene activation: Complex dose-response effects are shared by several steroid receptors. Chem Res Toxicol 19(12):1619-1629. DOI: 10.1021/tx060122q.
Bodwell JE, Kingsley LA, Hamilton JW. 2004. Arsenic at very low concentrations alters glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-mediated gene activation but not GR-mediated gene repression: complex dose-response effects are closely correlated with levels of activated GR and require a functional GR DNA binding domain. Chem Res Toxicol 17(8):1064-1076. DOI: 10.1021/tx0499113.
Meeker JD, Rossano MG, Protas B, Diamond MP, Puscheck E, Daly D, Paneth N, Wirth JJ. 2009. Multiple metals predict prolactin and thyrotropin (TSH) levels in men. Environ Res 109(7):869-873. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2009.06.004.
USE REFERENCES
Alawattegama SK, Kondratyuk T, Krynock R, Bricker M, Rutter JK, Bain DJ, Stolz JF. 2015. Well water contamination in a rural community in southwestern Pennsylvania near unconventional shale gas extraction. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 50(5):516-528. DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2015.992684
Hood E. 2006. The Apple Bites Back: Claiming Old Orchards for Residential Development. Environ Health Perspect 114(8):A470-A476. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.114-a470
Maguire-Boyle SJ, Barron AR. 2014. Organic compounds in produced waters from shale gas wells. Environ Sci Process Impacts 16(10):2237-2248. DOI: 10.1039/C4EM00376D
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. 2011. Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. (arsenic compounds) Link
Zielinska B, Campbell D, Samburova V. 2014. Impact of emissions from natural gas production facilities on ambient air quality in the Barnett Shale area: a pilot study. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 64(12):1369-1383. DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2014.954735
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: arsenic trioxide
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Choe SY, Kim SJ, Kim HG, Lee JH, Choi Y, Lee H, Kim Y. 2003. Evaluation of estrogenicity of major heavy metals. Sci Total Environ 312(1-3):15-21. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00190-6.
Palazzolo DL, Jansen KP. 2008 Winter. The minimal arsenic concentration required to inhibit the activity of thyroid peroxidase activity in vitro. Biol Trace Elem Res 126(1-3):49-55. DOI: 10.1007/s12011-008-8183-y.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: traseolide, 5-acetyl-1 , 1 , 2 , 6-tetramethyl-3-isopropylindan, 5-Acetyl-3-isopropyl-1 , 1 , 2 , 6-tetramethylindane
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mori T, Iida M, Ishibashi H, Kohra S, Takao Y, Takemasa T, Arizono K. 2007. Hormonal activity of polycyclic musks evaluated by reporter gene assay. Environ Sci 14(4):195-202. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Mori T, Iida M, Ishibashi H, Kohra S, Takao Y, Takemasa T, Arizono K. 2007. Hormonal activity of polycyclic musks evaluated by reporter gene assay. Environ Sci 14(4):195-202. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 24, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cooper RL, Stoker TE, Tyrey L, Goldman JM, McElroy WK. 2000. Atrazine disrupts the hypothalamic control of pituitary-ovarian function. Toxicol Sci 53(2):297-307. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/53.2.297.
Danzo BJ. 1997. Environmental xenobiotics may disrupt normal endocrine function by interfering with the binding of physiological ligands to steroid receptors and binding proteins. Environ Health Perspect 105(3):294-301. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.97105294.
Fakhouri WD, Nunez JL, Trail F. 2010. Atrazine binds to the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor and affects growth hormone gene expression. Environ Health Perspect 118(10):1400-1405. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.0900738.
Fan WQ, Yanase T, Morinaga H, Gondo S, Okabe T, Nomura M, Komatsu T, Morohashi K-I, Hayes TB, Takayanagi R, Nawata H. 2007. Atrazine-induced aromatase expression is SF-1 dependent: implications for endocrine disruption in wildlife and reproductive cancers in humans. Environ Health Perspect 115(5):720-727. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9758.
Giusi G, Facciolo RM, Canonaco M, Alleva E, Belloni V, Dessi'-Fulgheri F, Santucci D. 2006. The endocrine disruptor atrazine accounts for a dimorphic somatostatinergic neuronal expression pattern in mice. Toxicol Sci 89(1):257-264. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj012.
Hayes TB, Stuart AA, Mendoza M, Collins A, Noriega N, Vonk A, Johnston G, Liu R, Kpodzo D. 2006. Characterization of atrazine-induced gonadal malformations in African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis) and comparisons with effects of an androgen antagonist (cyproterone acetate) and exogenous estrogen (17[beta]-estradiol): support for the demasculinization/feminization hypothesis . Environ Health Perspect 114 (Suppl. 1):134-141. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.8067.
Lim S, Ahn SY, Song IC, Chung MH, Jang HC, Park KS, Lee KU, Pak YK, Lee HK. 2009. Chronic exposure to the herbicide, atrazine, causes mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance. PLoS One 4(4):e5186. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005186.
Palma P, Palma VL, Matos C, Fernandes RM, Bohn A, Soares AM, Barbosa IR. 2009. Assessment of the pesticides atrazine, endosulfan sulphate and chlorpyrifos for juvenoid-related endocrine activity using Daphnia magna. Chemosphere 76(3):335-340. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.03.059.
Vonier PM, Crain DA, McLachlan JA, Guillette LJ Jr., Arnold SF. 1996. Interaction of environmental chemicals with the estrogen and progesterone receptors from the oviduct of the American alligator. Environ Health Perspect 104(12):1318-1322. DOI: 10.2307/3432968 .
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: desethyl-atrazine, 4-deethyl atrazine
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Sanderson JT, Letcher RJ, Heneweer M, Giesy JP, van den Berg M. 2001. Effects of chloro-s-triazine herbicides and metabolites on aromatase activity in various human cell lines and on vitellogenin production in male carp hepatocytes. Environ Health Perspect 109(10):1027-1031. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Sanderson JT, Letcher RJ, Heneweer M, Giesy JP, van den Berg M. 2001. Effects of chloro-s-triazine herbicides and metabolites on aromatase activity in various human cell lines and on vitellogenin production in male carp hepatocytes. Environ Health Perspect 109(10):1027-1031. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.011091027
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: desisopropyl-atrazine
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Sanderson JT, Letcher RJ, Heneweer M, Giesy JP, van den Berg M. 2001. Effects of chloro-s-triazine herbicides and metabolites on aromatase activity in various human cell lines and on vitellogenin production in male carp hepatocytes. Environ Health Perspect 109(10):1027-1031. Link.
Tran DQ, Kow KY, McLachlan JA, Arnold SF. 1996. The inhibition of estrogen receptor-mediated responses by chloro-s-triazine-derived compounds is dependent on estradiol concentration in yeast. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 227(1):140-146. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1480.
USE REFERENCES
Sanderson JT, Letcher RJ, Heneweer M, Giesy JP, van den Berg M. 2001. Effects of chloro-s-triazine herbicides and metabolites on aromatase activity in various human cell lines and on vitellogenin production in male carp hepatocytes. Environ Health Perspect 109(10):1027-1031. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.011091027
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: p-rosolic acid, 4 , 4'-dihydroxyfuchsone, 4- ( bis ( p-hydroxyphenyl ) methylene ) cyclohexa-2 , 5-dien-1-one
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
USE REFERENCES
Sigma-Aldrich. 2013. p-Rosolic acid. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Huang J, Casida JE. 1997. Avermectin B1a binds to high- and low-affinity sites with dual effects on the gamma-aminobutyric acid-gated chloride channel of cultured cerebellar granule neurons. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 281(1):261-266. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). (avermectin B1). Link
Huang J, Casida JE. 1997. Avermectin B1a binds to high- and low-affinity sites with dual effects on the gamma-aminobutyric acid-gated chloride channel of cultured cerebellar granule neurons. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 281(1):261-266. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane ( B-MDM ) , 4-tert-butyl-4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane ( BM-DBM )
CATEGORY OF USE: Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schreurs RH, Sonneveld E, Jansen JH, Seinen W, van der Burg B. 2005. Interaction of polycyclic musks and UV filters with the estrogen receptor (ER), androgen receptor (AR), and progesterone receptor (PR) in reporter gene bioassays. Toxicol Sci 83(2):264-272. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfi035.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: February 19, 2015 DATE UPDATED: April 24, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 7-heptanedicarboxylic acid
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Stamatiadis, D., Bulteau‐Portois, M.C. and Mowszowicz, I., 1988. Inhibition of 5α‐reductase activity in human skin by zinc and azelaic acid. British Journal of Dermatology, 119(5), pp.627-632. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb03474.x .
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: September 26, 2018
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Orton F, Rosivatz E, Scholze M, Kortenkamp A. 2011. Widely used pesticides with previously unknown endocrine activity revealed as in vitro antiandrogens. Environ Health Perspect 119(6):794-800. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002895.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US EPA. 2012. ChemicalSearch. Pesticide Reregistration Status for Organophosphates. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: October 7, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 23, 2013
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metal/Metallurgy, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Berggren PO, Andersson B, Hellman B. 1982. Stimulation of the insulin secretory mechanism following barium accumulation in pancreatic beta-cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 720(3):320-328. DOI: 10.1016/0167-4889(82)90057-X.
Sandstrom PE, Sehlin J. 1990. Barium mimics the effect of D-glucose on 86Rb+ fluxes in mouse pancreatic beta-cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 1055(2):93-97. DOI: 10.1016/0167-4889(90)90107-O.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metal/Metallurgy, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Choe SY, Kim SJ, Kim HG, Lee JH, Choi Y, Lee H, Kim Y. 2003. Evaluation of estrogenicity of major heavy metals. Sci Total Environ 312(1-3):15-21. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00190-6.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: malachite green cation, malachite green chloride, malachite green oxalate, bis[4- ( dimethylamino ) phenyl] ( phenyl ) methylium chloride malachit green, C.I. basic green 4, bis[[4-[4- ( dimethylamino ) benzhydrylidene]cyclohexa-2 , 5-dien-1-ylidene]dimethylammonium] oxalate , dioxalate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Culp, S.J., Blankenship, L.R., Kusewitt, D.F., Doerge, D.R., Mulligan, L.T. and Beland, F.A., 1999. Toxicity and metabolism of malachite green and leucomalachite green during short-term feeding to Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F1 mice. Chemico-biological interactions, 122(3), pp.153-170. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2797(99)00119-2.
Jiao, B. and Cheng, C.H., 2010. Disrupting actions of bisphenol A and malachite green on growth hormone receptor gene expression and signal transduction in seabream. Fish physiology and biochemistry, 36(2), pp.251-261. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-008-9227-0.
White, C.R., Davies, S.J. and Henry, T.B., 2012. Malachite Green Toxicity and Effects on Reproductive Success in Zebrafish Danio rerio. Zebrafish, 9(3), pp.135-139. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2012.0762.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: June 20, 2018
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Klotz DM, Arnold SF, McLachlan JA. 1997. Inhibition of 17 beta-estradiol and progesterone activity in human breast and endometrial cancer cells by carbamate insecticides. Life Sci 60(17):1467-1475. DOI: 10.1016/S0024-3205(97)00098-2.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Barnes TB, Verlangieri AJ, Wilson MC. 1983. Reproductive toxicity of methyl-1-(butylcarbamoyl)-2-benzimidazole carbamate (benomyl) in male Wistar rats. Toxicology 28:103-115. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(83)90110-5.
Linder RE, Strader LF, Slott VL, Suarez JD. 1992. Endpoints of spermatotoxicity in the rat after short duration exposures to fourteen reproductive toxicants. Reprod Toxicol 6(6):491-505. DOI: 10.1016/0890-6238(92)90034-Q.
Scippo ML, Argiris C, Van De Weerdt C, Muller M, Willemsen P, Martial J, Maghuin-Rogister G. 2004. Recombinant human estrogen, androgen and progesterone receptors for detection of potential endocrine disruptors. Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry 378(3):664-669. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-003-2251-0.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US EPA, OPPTS. 2002 Jul 31. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED): Benomyl. EPA-738-R-02-011. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: bentazone, bendioxide
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Orton F, Lutz I, Kloas W, Routledge EJ. 2009. Endocrine disrupting effects of herbicides and pentachlorophenol: in vitro and in vivo evidence. Environ Sci Technol 43(6):2144-2150. DOI: 10.1021/es8028928.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Benisek M, Blaha L, Hilscherova K. 2008. Interference of PAHs and their N-heterocyclic analogs with signaling of retinoids in vitro. Toxicol in Vitro 22(8):1909-1917. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.09.009.
USE REFERENCES
Benisek M, Blaha L, Hilscherova K. 2008. Interference of PAHs and their N-heterocyclic analogs with signaling of retinoids in vitro. Toxicol in Vitro 22(8):1909-1917. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.09.009
DATE ADDED: August 12, 2015 DATE UPDATED: August 12, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 1 , 2-benzanthracene, benzo[a]anthracene, benzo[b]phenanthrene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7.
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
Vinggaard AM, Hnida C, Larsen JC. 2000. Environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons affect androgen receptor activation in vitro. Toxicology 145(2-3):173-183. DOI: 10.1016/S0300-483X(00)00143-8.
Vondracek J, Kozubík A, Machala M. 2002. Modulation of estrogen receptor-dependent reporter construct activation and G0/G1-S-phase transition by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells. Toxicol Sci 70(2):193-201. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/70.2.193.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1995. Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Link
Colborn T, Schultz K, Herrick L, Kwiatkowski C. 2014. An Exploratory Study of Air Quality near Natural Gas Operations. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 20(1):86-105. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2012.749447
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Zielinska B, Campbell D, Samburova V. 2014. Impact of emissions from natural gas production facilities on ambient air quality in the Barnett Shale area: a pilot study. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 64(12):1369-1383. DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2014.954735
DATE ADDED: July 31, 2014 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Benisek M, Kubincova P, Blaha L, Hilscherova K. 2011. The effects of PAHs and N-PAHs on retinoid signaling and Oct-4 expression in vitro. Toxicol Lett 200(3):169-175. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.11.011.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: February 19, 2015 DATE UPDATED: April 24, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lacroix G, Tissot S, Rogerieux F, Beaulieu R, Cornu L, Gillet C, Robidel F, Lefevre JP, Bois FY. 2002. Decrease in ovalbumin-induced pulmonary allergic response by benzaldehyde but not acetaldehyde exposure in a Guinea pig model. J Toxicol Environ Health A 65(14):995-1012. DOI: 10.1080/00984100290071199.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 12, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 12, 2014
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Brown-Woodman PD, Webster WS, Picker K, Huq F. 1994. In vitro assessment of individual and interactive effects of aromatic hydrocarbons on embryonic development of the rat. Reprod Toxicol 8(2):121-135. DOI: 10.1016/0890-6238(94)90019-1.
Kassotis CD, Klemp KC, Vu DC, Lin CH, Meng CX, Besch-Williford CL, Pinatti L, Zoeller RT, Drobnis EZ, Balise VD, et al. 2015 in press. Endocrine-disrupting activity of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and adverse health outcomes after prenatal exposure in male mice. Endocrinology:en20151375. DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1375.
Wierda D, King A, Luebke R, Reasor M, Smialowicz R. 1989. Perinatal immunotoxicology of benzene toward mouse B cell development. Journal of the American College of Toxicology 8(5):981-996. DOI: 10.3109/10915818909018060.
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US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
Waxman HA, Markey EJ, and DeGette D. 2011. Chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. United States House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce Minority Staff. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7.
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Ergun Y,Gundogdu C, Tercan B, Ermis, E, Hokelek T. 2010. 11-Butyl-3-methoxy-11H-benzo[a]carbazole. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 66(Pt 7):o1634–o1635. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536810021963
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
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Norwegian Pollution Control Authority (SFT). 2001. Harmonised Quantification and Reporting Procedures (HARP-HAZ Prototype). Fifth International Conference on the Protection of the North Sea. Oslo: NPCA. Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: benz[a]pyrene, benzo ( d , e , f ) chrysene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
Thomas P. 1990. Teleost model for studying the effects of chemicals on female reproductive endocrine function. J Exp Zool Suppl 4:126-128. DOI: 10.1002/jez.1402560421.
Vinggaard AM, Hnida C, Larsen JC. 2000. Environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons affect androgen receptor activation in vitro. Toxicology 145(2-3):173-183. DOI: 10.1016/S0300-483X(00)00143-8.
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ATSDR. 1995. Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Link
Colborn T, Schultz K, Herrick L, Kwiatkowski C. 2014. An Exploratory Study of Air Quality near Natural Gas Operations. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 20(1):86-105.
Paulik LB, Donald CE, Smith BW, Tidwell LG, Hobbie KA, Kincl L, Haynes EN, and Anderson KA, 2016. Emissions of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Natural Gas Extraction into Air. Environ Sci Technol 50(14):7921-7929. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02762
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Zielinska B, Campbell D, Samburova V. 2014. Impact of emissions from natural gas production facilities on ambient air quality in the Barnett Shale area: a pilot study. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 64(12):1369-1383. DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2014.954735
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2 , 3-benzfluoranthene, 2 , 3-benzofluoranthrene, 3 , 4-benzfluoranthene, benz[e]acephenanthrylene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kim A, Park M, Yoon TK, Lee WS, Ko JJ, Lee K, Bae J. 2011. Maternal exposure to benzo[b]fluoranthene disturbs reproductive performance in male offspring mice. Toxicol Lett 203(1):54-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.03.003.
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
Oberdörster E, Cottam DM, Wilmot FA, Milner MJ, McLachlan JA. 1999. Interaction of PAHs and PCBs with ecdysone-dependent gene expression and cell proliferation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 160(1):101-108. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1999.8745.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1995. Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Link
Colborn T, Schultz K, Herrick L, Kwiatkowski C. 2014. An Exploratory Study of Air Quality near Natural Gas Operations. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 20(1):86-105.
Paulik LB, Donald CE, Smith BW, Tidwell LG, Hobbie KA, Kincl L, Haynes EN, and Anderson KA, 2016. Emissions of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Natural Gas Extraction into Air. Environ Sci Technol 50(14):7921-7929. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02762
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Zielinska B, Campbell D, Samburova V. 2014. Impact of emissions from natural gas production facilities on ambient air quality in the Barnett Shale area: a pilot study. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 64(12):1369-1383. DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2014.954735
DATE ADDED: August 4, 2014 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: B[b]N[2 , 1-d]T, benzo ( a ) dibenzothiophene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7.
USE REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-178. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7 Get
Sigma-Aldrich. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: B[b]N[2 , 3-d]T
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7.
USE REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-178. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7 Get
Sigma-Aldrich. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7.
USE REFERENCES
Fertuck KC, Kumar S, Sikka HC, Matthews JB, Zacharewski TR. 2001. Interaction of PAH-related compounds with the alpha and beta isoforms of the estrogen receptor. Toxicol Lett 121(3):167-177. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00344-7 Get
LookChem Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3 , 4-benzphenanthrene
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
USE REFERENCES
National Research Council, Committee on Pyrene and Selected Analogues. 1983. 2. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from natural and stationary anthropogenic sources and their atmospheric concentrations. In: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Evaluation of Sources and Effects. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 12, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: benz[e]pyrene, benzo[l]pyrene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1995. Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Zielinska B, Campbell D, Samburova V. 2014. Impact of emissions from natural gas production facilities on ambient air quality in the Barnett Shale area: a pilot study. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 64(12):1369-1383. DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2014.954735
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: benz[j]fluoranthene, benzo[l]fluoranthene, dibenzo[a , jk]fluorene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metal/Metallurgy, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1995. Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Zielinska B, Campbell D, Samburova V. 2014. Impact of emissions from natural gas production facilities on ambient air quality in the Barnett Shale area: a pilot study. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 64(12):1369-1383. DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2014.954735
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: benz[k]fluoranthene, dibenzo[b , jk]fluorene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1995. Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Link
Colborn T, Schultz K, Herrick L, Kwiatkowski C. 2014. An Exploratory Study of Air Quality near Natural Gas Operations. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 20(1):86-105. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2012.749447
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Zielinska B, Campbell D, Samburova V. 2014. Impact of emissions from natural gas production facilities on ambient air quality in the Barnett Shale area: a pilot study. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 64(12):1369-1383. DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2014.954735
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mineo H, Ohdate T, Fukumura K, Katayama T, Onaga T, Kato S, Yanaihara N. 1995. Effects of benzoic acid and its analogues on insulin and glucagon secretion in sheep. Eur J Pharmacol 280(2):149-154. DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(95)00192-N.
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US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Jobling S, Reynolds T, White R, Parker MG, Sumpter JP. 1995. A variety of environmentally persistent chemicals, including some phthalate plasticizers, are weakly estrogenic. Environ Health Perspect 103(6):582-587. DOI: 10.2307/3432434 .
Kanayama T, Kobayashi N, Mamiya S, Nakanishi T, Nishikawa J. 2005. Organotin compounds promote adipocyte differentiation as agonists of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor [gamma]/retinoid X receptor pathway. Mol Pharmacol 67(3):766-774. DOI: 10.1124/mol.104.008409 .
USE REFERENCES
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: sulisobenzone, BP-4
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kunz PY, Fent K. 2006. Multiple hormonal activities of UV filters and comparison of in vivo and in vitro estrogenic activity of ethyl-4-aminobenzoate in fish. Aquat Toxicol 79(4):305-324. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.06.016.
Kunz PY, Galicia HF, Fent K. 2006. Comparison of in vitro and in vivo estrogenic activity of UV filters in fish. Toxicol Sci 90(2):349-361 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj082.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: C.I. direct red 2, red 4B, direct red 2
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bazin, I., Hassine, A.I.H., Hamouda, Y.H., Mnif, W., Bartegi, A., Lopez-Ferber, M., De Waard, M. and Gonzalez, C., 2012. Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity of 23 commercial textile dyes. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, pp.131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.003.
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Bazin, I., Hassine, A.I.H., Hamouda, Y.H., Mnif, W., Bartegi, A., Lopez-Ferber, M., De Waard, M. and Gonzalez, C., 2012. Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity of 23 commercial textile dyes. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, pp.131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.003
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: June 20, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: ( chloromethyl ) benzene, alpha-chlorotoluene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metal/Metallurgy, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lijinsky W. 1986. Chronic bioassay of benzyl chloride in F344 rats and (C57BL/6J x BALB/c)F1 mice. J Natl Cancer Inst 76(6):1231-1236. DOI: 10.1093/jnci/76.6.1231.
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Chemical and Product Categories (CPCAT) Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Waxman HA, Markey EJ, and DeGette D. 2011. Chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. United States House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce Minority Staff. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: benzyl-4-hydroxybenzoate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
Miller D, Wheals BB, Beresford N, Sumpter JP. 2001. Estrogenic activity of phenolic additives determined by an in vitro yeast bioassay. Environ Health Perspect 109(2):133-138. DOI: 10.2307/3434765 .
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
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[Anonymous]. 2008. Final amended report on the safety assessment of Methylparaben, Ethylparaben, Propylparaben, Isopropylparaben, Butylparaben, Isobutylparaben, and Benzylparaben as used in cosmetic products. Int J Toxicol 27 Suppl 4:1-82 DOI: 10.1080/10915810802548359
Miller D, Wheals BB, Beresford N, Sumpter JP. 2001. Estrogenic activity of phenolic additives determined by an in vitro yeast bioassay. Environ Health Perspect 109(2):133-138. DOI: 10.2307/3434765
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Charles AK, Darbre PD. 2009. Oestrogenic activity of benzyl salicylate, benzyl benzoate and butylphenylmethylpropional (Lilial) in MCF7 human breast cancer cells in vitro. J Appl Toxicol 29(5):422-434. DOI: 10.1002/jat.1429.
Hashimoto Y, Kawaguchi M, Miyazaki K, Nakamura M. 2003. Estrogenic activity of tissue conditioners in vitro. Dent Mater 19(4):341-346. DOI: 10.1016/S0109-5641(02)00064-7.
Kunz PY, Fent K. 2006. Multiple hormonal activities of UV filters and comparison of in vivo and in vitro estrogenic activity of ethyl-4-aminobenzoate in fish. Aquat Toxicol 79(4):305-324. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.06.016.
Kunz PY, Galicia HF, Fent K. 2006. Comparison of in vitro and in vivo estrogenic activity of UV filters in fish. Toxicol Sci 90(2):349-361 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj082.
Zhang Z, Jia C, Hu Y, Sun L, Jiao J, Zhao L, Zhu D, Li J, Tian Y, Bai H, Li R, Hu J. 2012. The estrogenic potential of salicylate esters and their possible risks in foods and cosmetics. Toxicol Lett 209(2):146-153. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.12.004.
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Charles AK and Darbre PD. 2009. Oestrogenic activity of benzyl salicylate, benzyl benzoate and butylphenylmethylpropional (Lilial) in MCF7 human breast cancer cells in vitro. J Appl Toxicol 29(5): 422-434. DOI: 10.1002/jat.1429
Hashimoto Y, Kawaguchi M, Miyazaki K and Nakamura M. 2003. Estrogenic activity of tissue conditioners in vitro. Dent Mater 19(4): 341-346. DOI: 10.1016/S0109-5641(02)00064-7
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. EnvironToxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Metal/Metallurgy
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Perry ST, Kulkarni SB, Lee KL, Kenney FT. 1982. Selective effect of the metallocarcinogen beryllium on hormonal regulation of gene expression in cultured cells. Cancer Res 42(2):473-476. Link.
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US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: June 16, 2011 DATE UPDATED: June 16, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Rosenberg RS, Grass L, Jenkins DJ, Kendall CWC, Diamandis EP. 1998. Modulation of androgen and progesterone receptors by phytochemicals in breast cancer cell lines. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 248(3):935-939. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8977.
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US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: endosulfan II
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Abalis IM, Eldefrawi ME, Eldefrawi AT. 1985. High-affinity stereospecific binding of cyclodiene insecticides and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane to gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors of rat brain. Pesticide Biochemistry & Physiology 24(1):95-102. DOI: 10.1016/0048-3575(85)90118-X.
Jin L, Tran DQ, Ide CF, McLachlan JA, Arnold SF. 1997. Several synthetic chemicals inhibit progesterone receptor-mediated transactivation in yeast. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 233(1):139-146. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6417.
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
Scippo ML, Argiris C, Van De Weerdt C, Muller M, Willemsen P, Martial J, Maghuin-Rogister G. 2004. Recombinant human estrogen, androgen and progesterone receptors for detection of potential endocrine disruptors. Anal Bioanal Chem 378(3):664-669. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-003-2251-0.
Soto AM, Chung KL, Sonnenschein C. 1994. The pesticides endosulfan, toxaphene and dieldrin have estrogenic properties in human estrogen-sensitive cells. Environ Health Perspect 102(4):380-383. Link.
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Abalis IM, Eldefrawi ME, Eldefrawi AT. 1985. High-affinity stereospecific binding of cyclodiene insecticides and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane to gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors of rat brain. Pestic Biochem Physiol 24(1):95-102. DOI: 10.1016/0048-3575(85)90118-X
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: beta-HCH, beta-benzene hexachloride, beta-BHC
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
van Velsen FL, Danse LHJC, van Leeuwen FXR, Dormans JAMA, van Logten MJ. 1986. The subchronic oral toxicity of the [beta]-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane in rats. Fundam Appl Toxicol 6(4):697-712. DOI: 10.1016/0272-0590(86)90183-1.
Wester PW. 1991. Histopathological effects of environmental pollutants [beta]-HCH and methyl mercury on reproductive organs in freshwater fish. Comp Biochem Physiol C 100(1-2):237-239. DOI: 10.1016/0742-8413(91)90160-U.
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PANNA. PAN Pesticide Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 17, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 5 , 6-benzoflavone
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Evanson M, Van Der Kraak GJ. 2001. Stimulatory effects of selected PAHs on testosterone production in goldfish and rainbow trout and possible mechanisms of action. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 130(2):249-258. DOI: 10.1016/S1532-0456(01)00246-0.
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Johnson WT, Smith TB. 1994. Copper deficiency increases cytochrome P450-dependent 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity in rat small intestine. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 207(3):302-308. DOI: 10.3181/00379727-207-43820
DATE ADDED: March 26, 2015 DATE UPDATED: March 26, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W, Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chem Res Toxicol 16(10):1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g.
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ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W and Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chemical Research in Toxicology 16(10): 1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
Takeuchi S, Iida M, Yabushita H, Matsuda T, Kojima H. 2008. In vitro screening for aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonistic activity in 200 pesticides using a highly sensitive reporter cell line, DR-EcoScreen cells, and in vivo mouse liver cytochrome P450-1A induction by propanil, diuron and linuron. Chemosphere 74(1):155-165. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.08.015.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: ( 2-methyl[1 , 1'-biphenyl]-3-yl ) methyl ( 1R , 3R ) -rel-3-[ ( 1Z ) -2-chloro-3 , 3 , 3-trifluoro-1-propen-1-yl]-2 , 2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Brander SM, He G, Smalling KL, Denison MS, Cherr GN. 2012. The in vivo estrogenic and in vitro anti-estrogenic activity of permethrin and bifenthrin. Environ Toxicol Chem 31(12):2848-2855. DOI: 10.1002/etc.2019.
Orton F, Rosivatz E, Scholze M, Kortenkamp A. 2011. Widely used pesticides with previously unknown endocrine activity revealed as in vitro antiandrogens. Environ Health Perspect 119(6):794-800. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002895.
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Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: October 7, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Wang L, Liu W, Yang C, Pan Z, Gan J, Xu C, Zhao M, Schlenk D. 2007. Enantioselectivity in estrogenic potential and uptake of bifenthrin. Environ Sci Technol 41(17):6124-6128. DOI: 10.1021/es070220d.
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Wang L, Liu W, Yang C, Pan Z, Gan J, Xu C, Zhao M, Schlenk D. 2007. Enantioselectivity in estrogenic potential and uptake of bifenthrin. Environ Sci Technol 41(17):6124-6128. DOI: 10.1021/es070220d
DATE ADDED: May 16, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 16, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: d-trans-allethrin, 2-methyl-4-oxo-3- ( 2-propen-1-yl ) -2-cyclopenten-1-yl ( 1R , 3R ) -2 , 2-dimethyl-3- ( 2-methyl-1-propen-1-yl ) cyclopropanecarboxylate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Eil C, Nisula BC. 1990. The binding properties of pyrethroids to human skin fibroblast androgen receptors and to sex hormone binding globulin. J Steroid Biochem 35(3/4):409-414. DOI: 10.1016/0022-4731(90)90248-Q.
Go V, Garey J, Wolff MS, Pogo BGT. 1999. Estrogenic potential of certain pyrethroid compounds in the MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cell line. Environ Health Perspect 107(3):173-177. DOI: 10.2307/3434505.
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Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Biogenic compound
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Petit F, Le Goff P, Cravedi JP, Valotaire Y, Pakdel F. 1997. Two complementary bioassays for screening the estrogenic potency of xenobiotics: recombinant yeast for trout estrogen receptor and trout hepatocyte cultures. J Mol Endocrinol 19(3):321-335. DOI: 10.1677/jme.0.0190321.
Scippo ML, Argiris C, Van De Weerdt C, Muller M, Willemsen P, Martial J, Maghuin-Rogister G. 2004. Recombinant human estrogen, androgen and progesterone receptors for detection of potential endocrine disruptors. Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry 378(3):664-669. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-003-2251-0.
USE REFERENCES
Scippo ML, Argiris C, Van De Weerdt C, Muller M, Willemsen P, Martial J, Maghuin-Rogister G. 2004. Recombinant human estrogen, androgen and progesterone receptors for detection of potential endocrine disruptors. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 378(3):664-669. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-003-2251-0
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Petit F, Le Goff P, Cravedi JP, Valotaire Y, Pakdel F. 1997. Two complementary bioassays for screening the estrogenic potency of xenobiotics: recombinant yeast for trout estrogen receptor and trout hepatocyte cultures. J Mol Endocrinol 19(3):321-335. DOI: 10.1677/jme.0.0190321.
USE REFERENCES
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4 , 4'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfide, 4 , 4'-dioxydiphenylsulfide, 4 , 4'-thiobisphenol, 4 , 4'-thiodiphenol, TDP, bis ( 4-hydroxyphenyl ) sulfide, bis ( p-hydroxyphenyl ) sulfide
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Chen M-Y, Ike M, Fujita M. 2002. Acute toxicity, mutagenicity, and estrogenicity of bisphenol-A and other bisphenols. Environmental Toxicology 17(1):80-86. DOI: 10.1002/tox.10035.
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IHS GlobalSpec. Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) Sulfide -- D1356. . Link
LookChem Link
Sheftel, VO. 2000. Chapter 4. Catalysts, Initiators, Hardeners, Curing, and Cross-Linking agents. In: Indirect Food Additives and Polymers - Migration and Toxicology. Boca Raton: CRC Press. p. 414. Link
DATE ADDED: February 19, 2015 DATE UPDATED: February 19, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: BPC
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Coleman KP, Toscano WA, Jr., Wiese TE. 2003. Qsar models of the in vitro estrogen activity of bisphenol a analogs. QSAR Comb Sci 22:78-88. DOI: 10.1002/qsar.200390008.
Zhang HC, Hu XL, Yin DQ, Lin ZF. 2011. Development of molecular docking-based binding energy to predict the joint effect of BPA and its analogs. Hum Exp Toxicol 30(4):318-327. DOI: 10.1177/0960327110372400.
USE REFERENCES
Zhang HC, Hu XL, Yin DQ and Lin ZF. 2011. Development of molecular docking-based binding energy to predict the joint effect of BPA and its analogs. Hum Exp Toxicol 30(4):318-327. DOI: 10.1177/0960327110372400
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: phenol red impurity
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bindal RD, Katzenellenbogen JA. 1988. Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)[2-(phenoxysulfonyl)phenyl]methane - isolation and structure elucidation of a novel estrogen from commercial preparations of phenol red (phenolsulfonphthalein). J Med Chem 31(10):1978-1983. DOI: 10.1021/jm00118a020.
USE REFERENCES
Bindal RD, Katzenellenbogen JA. 1988. Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)[2-(phenoxysulfonyl)phenyl]methane - isolation and structure elucidation of a novel estrogen from commercial preparations of phenol red (phenolsulfonphthalein). J Med Chem 31(10):1978-1983. DOI: 10.1021/jm00118a020
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bulger WH, Feil VJ, Kupfer D. 1985. Role of hepatic monooxygenases in generating estrogenic metabolites from methoxychlor and from its identified contaminants. Mol Pharmacol 27(1):115-124. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Bulger WH, Feil VJ, Kupfer D. 1985. Role of hepatic monooxygenases in generating estrogenic metabolites from methoxychlor and from its identified contaminants. Mol Pharmacol 27(1):115-124. Link
DATE ADDED: July 13, 2017 DATE UPDATED: July 13, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: BPA, 2 , 2-bis ( 4-hydroxyphenyl ) propane, 4 , 4'-isopropylidenediphenol, polycarbonate monomer
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Plastic/Rubber, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Ho SM, Tang WY, De Frausto JB, Prins GS. 2006. Developmental exposure to estradiol and bisphenol A increases susceptibility to prostate carcinogenesis and epigenetically regulates phosphodiesterase type 4 variant 4. Cancer Res 66(11):5624-5632. DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-0516.
Kassotis CD, Klemp KC, Vu DC, Lin CH, Meng CX, Besch-Williford CL, Pinatti L, Zoeller RT, Drobnis EZ, Balise VD, et al. 2015 in press. Endocrine-disrupting activity of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and adverse health outcomes after prenatal exposure in male mice. Endocrinology:en20151375. DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1375.
Kubo K, Arai O, Omura M, Watanabe R, Ogata R, Aou S. 2003. Low dose effects of bisphenol A on sexual differentiation of the brain and behavior in rats. Neurosci Res 45(3):345-356. DOI: 10.1016/S0168-0102(02)00251-1.
Murray TJ, Maffini MV, Ucci AA, Sonnenschein C, Soto AM. 2007. Induction of mammary gland ductal hyperplasias and carcinoma in situ following fetal bisphenol A exposure. Reprod Toxicol 23(3):383-390. DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2006.10.002 PMCID: PMC1987322.
Timms BG, Howdeshell KL, Barton L, Bradley S, Richter CA, vom Saal FS. 2005. Estrogenic chemicals in plastic and oral contraceptives disrupt development of the fetal mouse prostate and urethra. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 102(19):7014-7019 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0502544102.
Wadia PR, Vandenberg LN, Schaeberle CM, Rubin BS, Sonnenschein C, Soto AM. 2007. Perinatal bisphenol A exposure increases estrogen sensitivity of the mammary gland in diverse mouse strains. Environ Health Perspect 115(4):592-598. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9640.
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Bondesson M, Jonsson J, Pongratz I, Olea N, Cravedi JP, Zalko D, Hakansson H, Halldin K, Di Lorenzo D, Behl C, Manthey D, Balaguer P, Demeneix B, Fini JB, Laudet V, Gustafsson JA. 2009. A CASCADE of effects of bisphenol A. Reprod Toxicol 28(4):563-567. DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2009.06.014
Orem WH, Tatu CA, Lerch HE, Rice CA, Bartos TT, Bates AL, Tewalt S, Corum MD. 2007. Organic compounds in produced waters from coalbed natural gas wells in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming, USA. Appl Geochem 22(10):2240-2256. DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.04.010
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: BPACF
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Perez P, Pulgar R, Olea-Serrano F, Villalobos M, Rivas A, Metzler M, Pedraza V, Olea N. 1998. The estrogenicity of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes with various substituents at the central carbon and the hydroxy groups. Environ Health Perspect 106(3):167-174. DOI: 10.2307/3434318 .
USE REFERENCES
Perez P, Pulgar R, Olea-Serrano F, Villalobos M, Rivas A, Metzler M, Pedraza V, Olea N. 1998. The estrogenicity of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes with various substituents at the central carbon and the hydroxy groups. Environ Health Perspect 106(3):167-174. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.98106167
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: BADGE, 2 , 2'-bis ( 4- ( 2 , 3-epoxypropoxy ) phenyl ) propane, 2 , 2'-[ ( 1-methylethylidene ) bis ( 4 , 1-phenyleneoxymethylene ) ]bisoxirane
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bishop-Bailey D, Hla T, Warner TD. 2000. Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) is a PPAR gamma agonist in an ECV304 cell line. Br J Pharmacol 131(4):651-654. DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703628.
Letcher RJ, Sanderson JT, Bokkers A, Giesy JP, Van Den Berg M. 2005. Effects of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes on vitellogenin production in male carp (Cyprinus carpio) hepatocytes and aromatase (CYP19) activity in human H295R adrenocortical carcinoma cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 209(2):95-104. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2005.03.013.
Li H, Ruan XZ, Powis SH, Fernando R, Mon WY, Wheeler DC, Moorhead JF, Varghese Z. 2005. EPA and DHA reduce LPS-induced inflammation responses in HK-2 cells: evidence for a PPAR-gamma-dependent mechanism. Kidney Int 67(3):867-874. DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00151.x.
Satoh K, Ohyama K, Aoki N, Iida M, Nagai F. 2004. Study on anti-androgenic effects of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) and their derivatives using cells stably transfected with human androgen receptor, AR-EcoScreen. Food & Chemical Toxicology 42(6):983-993. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2004.02.011.
Wright HM, Clish CB, Mikami T, Hauser S, Yanagi K, Hiramatsu R, Serhan CN, Spiegelman BM. 2000. A synthetic antagonist for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma inhibits adipocyte differentiation. J Biol Chem 275(3):1873-1877. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.3.1873 .
USE REFERENCES
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 24, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: bis-DMA
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Perez P, Pulgar R, Olea-Serrano F, Villalobos M, Rivas A, Metzler M, Pedraza V, Olea N. 1998. The estrogenicity of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes with various substituents at the central carbon and the hydroxy groups. Environ Health Perspect 106(3):167-174. DOI: 10.2307/3434318 .
USE REFERENCES
Bonefeld-Jorgensen EC, Long M, Hofmeister MV, Vinggaard AM. 2007. Endocrine-disrupting potential of bisphenol A, bisphenol A dimethacrylate, 4-n-nonylphenol, and 4-n-octylphenol in vitro: new data and a brief review. Environ Health Perspect 115 (Suppl 1):69-76. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9368
Gonzalez-Castro MI, Olea-Serrano MF, Rivas-Velasco AM, Medina-Rivero E, Ordonez-Acevedo LG, De Leon-Rodriguez A. 2011. Phthalates and bisphenols migration in Mexican food cans and plastic food containers. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 86(6):627-631. DOI: 10.1007/s00128-011-0266-3
Olea N, Pulgar R, Perez P, Olea-Serrano F, Rivas A, Novillo-Fertrell A, Pedraza V, Soto AM, Sonnenschein C. 1996. Estrogenicity of resin-based composites and sealants used in dentistry. Environ Health Perspect 104(3):298-305. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.96104298
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: BPA-EDA
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Perez P, Pulgar R, Olea-Serrano F, Villalobos M, Rivas A, Metzler M, Pedraza V, Olea N. 1998. The estrogenicity of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes with various substituents at the central carbon and the hydroxy groups. Environ Health Perspect 106(3):167-174. DOI: 10.2307/3434318 .
USE REFERENCES
Alibaba.com. Link
Perez P, Pulgar R, Olea-Serrano F, Villalobos M, Rivas A, Metzler M, Pedraza V, Olea N. 1998. The estrogenicity of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes with various substituents at the central carbon and the hydroxy groups. Environ Health Perspect 106(3):167-174. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.98106167
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: BPAF, 2 , 2-bis ( 4-hydroxyphenyl ) perfluoropropane, 4 , 4'- ( hexafluoroisopropylidene ) diphenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
Perez P, Pulgar R, Olea-Serrano F, Villalobos M, Rivas A, Metzler M, Pedraza V, Olea N. 1998. The estrogenicity of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes with various substituents at the central carbon and the hydroxy groups. Environ Health Perspect 106(3):167-174. DOI: 10.2307/3434318 .
USE REFERENCES
Kitamura S, Suzuki T, Sanoh S, Kohta R, Jinno N, Sugihara K, Yoshihara S, Fujimoto N, Watanabe H, Ohta S. 2005. Comparative study of the endocrine-disrupting activity of bisphenol A and 19 related compounds. Toxicol Sci 84(2):249-259. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfi074
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: BPB, 2 , 2-bis ( 4-hydroxyphenyl ) -n-butane
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kitamura S, Suzuki T, Sanoh S, Kohta R, Jinno N, Sugihara K, Yoshihara S, Fujimoto N, Watanabe H, Ohta S. 2005. Comparative study of the endocrine-disrupting activity of bisphenol A and 19 related compounds. Toxicol Sci 84(2):249-259. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfi074.
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
Terasaka S, Inoue A, Tanji M, Kiyama R. 2006. Expression profiling of estrogen-responsive genes in breast cancer cells treated with alkylphenols, chlorinated phenols, parabens, or bis- and benzoylphenols for evaluation of estrogenic activity. Toxicol Lett 163(2):130-141. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.10.005.
Yamasaki K, Takeyoshi M, Sawaki M, Imatanaka N, Shinoda K, Takatsuki M. 2003. Immature rat uterotrophic assay of 18 chemicals and Hershberger assay of 30 chemicals. Toxicology 183(1-3):93-115. DOI: 10.1016/S0300-483X(02)00445-6.
Yoshihara S, Makishima M, Suzuki N, Ohta S. 2001. Metabolic activation of bisphenol A by rat liver S9 fraction. Toxicol Sci 62(2):221-227. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/62.2.221.
USE REFERENCES
Kitamura S, Suzuki T, Sanoh S, Kohta R, Jinno N, Sugihara K, Yoshihara S, Fujimoto N, Watanabe H, Ohta S. 2005. Comparative study of the endocrine-disrupting activity of bisphenol A and 19 related compounds. Toxicol Sci 84(2):249-259. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfi074
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2 , 2-bis ( 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl ) propane, 3 , 3'-dimethylbisphenol A
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
Perez P, Pulgar R, Olea-Serrano F, Villalobos M, Rivas A, Metzler M, Pedraza V, Olea N. 1998. The estrogenicity of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes with various substituents at the central carbon and the hydroxy groups. Environ Health Perspect 106(3):167-174. DOI: 10.2307/3434318 .
USE REFERENCES
Alibaba.com. Link
Perez P, Pulgar R, Olea-Serrano F, Villalobos M, Rivas A, Metzler M, Pedraza V, Olea N. 1998. The estrogenicity of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes with various substituents at the central carbon and the hydroxy groups. Environ Health Perspect 106(3):167-174. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.98106167
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: February 19, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: bis-E, 1 , 1-bis ( 4-hydroxyphenyl ) ethane, bis ( 4-hydroxyphenyl ) ethane, 4 , 4'-ethylidene-bisphenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gaido KW, Maness SC, McDonnell DP, Dehal SS, Kupfer D, Safe S. 2000. Interaction of methoxychlor and related compounds with estrogen receptor [alpha] and [beta], and androgen receptor: structure-activity studies. Mol Pharmacol 58(4):852-858. DOI: 10.1124/mol.58.4.852 .
Perez P, Pulgar R, Olea-Serrano F, Villalobos M, Rivas A, Metzler M, Pedraza V, Olea N. 1998. The estrogenicity of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes with various substituents at the central carbon and the hydroxy groups. Environ Health Perspect 106(3):167-174. DOI: 10.2307/3434318 .
USE REFERENCES
PUBCHEM. Bisphenol E - Compound Summary. Link
Sheng X, Akinc M, Kessler MR. 2008. Cure kinetics of thermosetting bisphenol E cyanate ester. J Therm Anal Calorim 93(1):77-85. DOI: 10.1007/s10973-007-8803-3
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: BPF, bis ( 4-hydroxyphenyl ) methane, 4 , 4'-methylenediphenol, 4 , 4'-methylenebis ( phenol ) , 4 , 4'-dihydroxydiphenylmethane, bakelite
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
Bitman J, Cecil HC. 1970. Estrogenic activity of DDT analogs and polychlorinated biphenyls. Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry 18(6):1108-1112. DOI: 10.1021/jf60172a019.
Gaido KW, Maness SC, McDonnell DP, Dehal SS, Kupfer D, Safe S. 2000. Interaction of methoxychlor and related compounds with estrogen receptor [alpha] and [beta], and androgen receptor: structure-activity studies. Mol Pharmacol 58(4):852-858. DOI: 10.1124/mol.58.4.852 .
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
USE REFERENCES
Kitamura S, Suzuki T, Sanoh S, Kohta R, Jinno N, Sugihara K, Yoshihara S, Fujimoto N, Watanabe H, Ohta S. 2005. Comparative study of the endocrine-disrupting activity of bisphenol A and 19 related compounds. Toxicol Sci 84(2):249-259. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfi074
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4 , 4'- ( 1 , 3-phenylenediisopropylidene ) bisphenol, 1 , 3-bis ( 2- ( 4-hydroxyphenyl ) -2-propyl ) benzene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: BPS, 4 , 4'-sulfonylbisphenol, 4 , 4'-sulfonyldiphenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
USE REFERENCES
Kitamura S, Suzuki T, Sanoh S, Kohta R, Jinno N, Sugihara K, Yoshihara S, Fujimoto N, Watanabe H, Ohta S. 2005. Comparative study of the endocrine-disrupting activity of bisphenol A and 19 related compounds. Toxicol Sci 84(2):249-259. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfi074
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4 , 4'-cyclohexylidenebisphenol, BPZ
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Allen AR, MacPhail RC. 1993. Bitertanol, a triazole fungicide, increases operant responding but not motor activity. Neurotoxicol Teratol 15(4):237-242. DOI: 10.1016/0892-0362(93)90004-8.
Chan PK, Lu SY, Liao JW, Wei CF, Tsai Y, Ueng TH. 2006. Induction and inhibition of cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases of rats by fungicide bitertanol. Food Chem Toxicol 44(12):2047-2057. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2006.07.005.
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Household product ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bazin, I., Hassine, A.I.H., Hamouda, Y.H., Mnif, W., Bartegi, A., Lopez-Ferber, M., De Waard, M. and Gonzalez, C., 2012. Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity of 23 commercial textile dyes. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, pp.131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.003.
USE REFERENCES
Bazin, I., Hassine, A.I.H., Hamouda, Y.H., Mnif, W., Bartegi, A., Lopez-Ferber, M., De Waard, M. and Gonzalez, C., 2012. Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity of 23 commercial textile dyes. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, pp.131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.003
DATE ADDED: June 20, 2018
CATEGORY OF USE: Household product ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bazin, I., Hassine, A.I.H., Hamouda, Y.H., Mnif, W., Bartegi, A., Lopez-Ferber, M., De Waard, M. and Gonzalez, C., 2012. Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity of 23 commercial textile dyes. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, pp.131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.003.
USE REFERENCES
Bazin, I., Hassine, A.I.H., Hamouda, Y.H., Mnif, W., Bartegi, A., Lopez-Ferber, M., De Waard, M. and Gonzalez, C., 2012. Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity of 23 commercial textile dyes. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, pp.131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.003
DATE ADDED: June 20, 2018
CATEGORY OF USE: Household product ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bazin, I., Hassine, A.I.H., Hamouda, Y.H., Mnif, W., Bartegi, A., Lopez-Ferber, M., De Waard, M. and Gonzalez, C., 2012. Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity of 23 commercial textile dyes. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, pp.131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.003.
USE REFERENCES
Bazin, I., Hassine, A.I.H., Hamouda, Y.H., Mnif, W., Bartegi, A., Lopez-Ferber, M., De Waard, M. and Gonzalez, C., 2012. Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity of 23 commercial textile dyes. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, pp.131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.003
DATE ADDED: June 20, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAME: sodium tetraborate decahydrate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Flame retardant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metal/Metallurgy, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kassotis CD, Klemp KC, Vu DC, Lin CH, Meng CX, Besch-Williford CL, Pinatti L, Zoeller RT, Drobnis EZ, Balise VD, et al. 2015 in press. Endocrine-disrupting activity of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and adverse health outcomes after prenatal exposure in male mice. Endocrinology:en20151375. DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1375.
Kassotis CD, Tillitt DE, Davis JW, Hormann AM, Nagel SC. 2014. Estrogen and androgen receptor activities of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and surface and ground water in a drilling-dense region. Endocrinology 155(3):897-907. DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1697.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 27, 2015 DATE UPDATED: November 2, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Flame retardant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Linder RE, Strader LF, Slott VL, Suarez JD. 1992. Endpoints of spermatotoxicity in the rat after short duration exposures to fourteen reproductive toxicants. Reprod Toxicol 6(6):491-505. DOI: 10.1016/0890-6238(92)90034-Q.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kugathas S, Audouze K, Ermler S, Orton F, Rosivatz E, Scholze M, Kortenkamp A. 2015 (in press). Effects of common pesticides on prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) inhibition in SC5 mouse Sertoli cells, evidence of binding at the COX2 active site, and implications for endocrine disruption. Environ Health Perspect. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409544.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: July 13, 2017 DATE UPDATED: July 13, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hurley PM, Hill RN, Whiting RJ. 1998. Mode of carcinogenic action of pesticides inducing thyroid follicular cell tumors in rodents [review]. Environ Health Perspect 106(8):437-445. DOI: 10.2307/3434175 .
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: bromofos, bromophos-methyl
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: ethyl-bromophos
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3 , 5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1 , 3-diol, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1 , 3-propanediol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kassotis CD, Klemp KC, Vu DC, Lin CH, Meng CX, Besch-Williford CL, Pinatti L, Zoeller RT, Drobnis EZ, Balise VD, et al. 2015 in press. Endocrine-disrupting activity of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and adverse health outcomes after prenatal exposure in male mice. Endocrinology:en20151375. DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1375.
Kassotis CD, Tillitt DE, Davis JW, Hormann AM, Nagel SC. 2014. Estrogen and androgen receptor activities of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and surface and ground water in a drilling-dense region. Endocrinology 155(3):897-907. DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1697.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 27, 2015 DATE UPDATED: November 2, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lemaire G, Mnif W, Pascussi JM, Pillon A, Rabenoelina F, Fenet H, Gomez E, Casellas C, Nicolas JC, Cavailles V, Duchesne MJ, Balaguer P. 2006. Identification of new human pregnane X receptor ligands among pesticides using a stable reporter cell system. Toxicol Sci 91(2):501-509. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj173.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Chang J, Liu S, Zhou S, Wang M, Zhu G. 2013. Effects of butachlor on reproduction and hormone levels in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Exp Toxicol Pathol 65(1-2):205-209. DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.08.007.
Hisato MI, 1998. Effects of the agrochemicals butachlor, pretilachlor and isoprothiolane on rat liver xenobioticmetabolizing enzymes. Xenobiotica 28(11):1029-1039. DOI: 10.1080/004982598238921.
Tu W, Niu L, Liu W, Xu C. 2013. Embryonic exposure to butachlor in zebrafish (Danio rerio): endocrine disruption, developmental toxicity and immunotoxicity. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 89:189-195. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.11.031.
Zhu L, Li W, Zha J, Wang M, Yuan L, Wang Z. 2014. Butachlor causes disruption of HPG and HPT axes in adult female rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus). Chem Biol Interact 221:119-126. DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.07.016.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: April 21, 2015 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: benzyl butyl phthalate ( BBP )
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Coldham NG, Dave M, Sivapathasundaram S, Mcdonnell DP, Connor C, Sauer MJ. 1997. Evaluation of a recombinant yeast cell estrogen screening assay. Environ Health Perspect 105(7):734-742. DOI: 10.2307/3433729.
Jobling S, Reynolds T, White R, Parker MG, Sumpter JP. 1995. A variety of environmentally persistent chemicals, including some phthalate plasticizers, are weakly estrogenic. Environ Health Perspect 103(6):582-587. DOI: 10.2307/3432434 .
Kanayama T, Kobayashi N, Mamiya S, Nakanishi T, Nishikawa J. 2005. Organotin compounds promote adipocyte differentiation as agonists of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor [gamma]/retinoid X receptor pathway. Mol Pharmacol 67(3):766-774. DOI: 10.1124/mol.104.008409 .
Lampen A, Zimnik S, Nau H. 2003. Teratogenic phthalate esters and metabolites activate the nuclear receptors PPARs and induce differentiation of F9 cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 188(1):14-23. DOI: 10.1016/S0041-008X(03)00014-0.
Lu KY, Tseng FW, Wu CJ, Liu PS. 2004. Suppression by phthalates of the calcium signaling of human nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Toxicology 200(2-3):113-121. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2004.03.018.
USE REFERENCES
Orem WH, Tatu CA, Lerch HE, Rice CA, Bartos TT, Bates AL, Tewalt S, Corum MD. 2007. Organic compounds in produced waters from coalbed natural gas wells in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming, USA. Appl Geochem 22(10):2240-2256. DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.04.010
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: n-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, N-butyl-p-hydroxybenzoate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Food additives and contact material, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Boberg J, Metzdorff S, Wortziger R, Axelstad M, Brokken L, Vinggaard AM, Dalgaard M, Nellemann C. 2008. Impact of diisobutyl phthalate and other PPAR agonists on steroidogenesis and plasma insulin and leptin levels in fetal rats. Toxicology 250(2-3):75-81. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2008.05.020.
Chen JG, Ahn KC, Gee NA, Gee SJ, Hammock BD, Lasley BL. 2007. Antiandrogenic properties of parabens and other phenolic containing small molecules in personal care products. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 221(3):278-284. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2007.03.015.
Gomez E, Pillon A, Fenet H, Rosain D, Duchesne MJ, Nicolas JC, Balaguer P, Casellas C. 2005. Estrogenic activity of cosmetic components in reporter cell lines: parabens, UV screens, and musks. J Toxicol Environ Health A 68(4):239-251. DOI: 10.1080/15287390590895054.
Song BL, Peng DR, Li HY, Zhang GH, Zhang J, Li KL, Zhao YQ. 1991. Evaluation of the effect of butyl p-hydroxybenzoate on the proteolytic activity and membrane function of human spermatozoa. J Reprod Fertil 91(2):435-440. DOI: 10.1530/jrf.0.0910435 .
Taxvig C, Vinggaard AM, Hass U, Axelstad M, Boberg J, Hansen PR, Frederiksen H, Nellemann C. 2008. Do parabens have the ability to interfere with steroidogenesis? Toxicol Sci 106(1):206-213. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfn148.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: BHA, t-butylhydroxyanisole, 2 ( 3 ) -tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Jeong SH, Kim BY, Kang HG, Ku HO, Cho JH. 2005. Effects of butylated hydroxyanisole on the development and functions of reproductive system in rats. Toxicology 208(1):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2004.11.014.
Kang HG, Jeong SH, Cho JH, Kim DG, Park JM, Cho MH. 2005. Evaluation of estrogenic and androgenic activity of butylated hydroxyanisole in immature female and castrated rats. Toxicology 213(1-2):147-156. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2005.05.027.
Okubo T, Kano I. 2003. [Studies on estrogenic activities of food additives with human breast cancer MCF-7 cells and mechanism of estrogenicity by BHA and OPP]. Yakugaku Zasshi 123(6):443-452. DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.123.443.
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
ter Veld MGR, Schouten B, Louisse J, Van Es DS, Van Der Saag PT, Rietjens IMCM, Murk AJ. 2006. Estrogenic potency of food-packaging-associated plasticizers and antioxidants as detected in ERalpha and ERbeta reporter gene cell lines. Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry 54(12):4407-4416. DOI: 10.1021/jf052864f.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 23, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: BHT, 2 , 6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene, 2 , 6-bis ( 1 , 1-dimethylethyl ) -4-methylphenol, 2 , 6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hughes PJ, McLellan H, Lowes DA, Khan SZ, Bilmen JG, Tovey SC, Godfrey RE, Michell RH, Kirk CJ, Michelangeli F. 2000. Estrogenic alkylphenols induce cell death by inhibiting testis endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pumps. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 277(3):568-574. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.3710.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: October 7, 2013 DATE UPDATED: October 23, 2013
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Metal/Metallurgy, Pesticide ingredient, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Garcia-Morales P, Saceda M, Kenney N, Kim N, Salomon DS, Gottardis MM, Solomon HB, Sholler PF, Jordan VC, Martin MB. 1994. Effect of cadmium on estrogen receptor levels and estrogen-induced responses in human breast cancer cells. J Biol Chem 269(24):16896-16901. Link.
USE REFERENCES
The Endocrine Disruption Exchange. 2011. Multistate Report Spreadsheet. Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bhattacharya T, Bhattacharya S, Ray AK, Dey S. 1989. Influence of industrial pollutants on thyroid function in Channa punctatus (Bloch). Indian J Exp Biol 27(1):65-68. Link.
Johnson MD, Kenney N, Stoica A, Hilakivi-Clarke L, Singh B, Chepko G, Clarke R, Sholler PF, Lirio AA, Foss C, Reiter R, Trock B, Paik S, Martin MB. 2003. Cadmium mimics the in vivo effects of estrogen in the uterus and mammary gland. Nat Med 9(8):1081-108 DOI: 10.1038/nm902.
Nordberg GF. 1975. Effects on long-term cadmium exposure on the seminal vesicles of mice. J Reprod Fertil 45(1):165-167. Link.
Shrivastava VK, Sathyanesan AG. 1988. Effect of cadmium chloride on thyroid activity of the female Indian Palmsquirrel, Funambulus pennati (Wroughton). Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 40(2):268-272. DOI: 10.1007/BF01881050.
Simons SS Jr, Chakraborti PK, Cavanaugh AH. 1990. Arsenite and cadmium(II) as probes of glucocorticoid receptor structure and function. J Biol Chem 265(4):1938-1945. Link.
Stoica A, Katzenellenbogen BS, Martin MB. 2000. Activation of estrogen receptor-alpha by the heavy metal cadmium. Mol Endocrinol 14(4):545-553. DOI: 10.1210/mend.14.4.0441.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hinther A, Vawda S, Skirrow RC, Veldhoen N, Collins P, Cullen JT, van Aggelen G, Helbing CC. 2010. Nanometals induce stress and alter thyroid hormone action in amphibia at or below North American water quality guidelines. Environ Sci Technol 44(21):8314-8321. DOI: 10.1021/es101902n.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: October 7, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3 , 7-dihydro-1 , 3 , 7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2 , 6-dione
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Food additives and contact material, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fort DJ, Stover EL, Propst TL, Faulkner BC, Vollmuth TA, Murray FJ. 1998. Evaluation of the developmental toxicity of caffeine and caffeine metabolites using the frog embryo teratogenesis assay--Xenopus (FETAX). Food & Chemical Toxicology 36(7):591-600. DOI: 10.1016/S0278-6915(98)00021-0.
Tanaka H, Nakazawa K, Arima M. 1987. Effects of maternal caffeine ingestion on the perinatal cerebrum. Biol Neonate 51(6):332-339. DOI: 10.1159/000242672.
Yun JW, Shin ES, Cho SY, Kim SH, Kim CW, Lee TR, Kim BH. 2008. The effects of BADGE and caffeine on the time-course response of adiponectin and lipid oxidative enzymes in high fat diet-fed C57BL/6J mice: correlation with reduced adiposity and steatosis. Exp Anim 57(5):461-469. DOI: 10.1538/expanim.57.461.
USE REFERENCES
Orem WH, Tatu CA, Lerch HE, Rice CA, Bartos TT, Bates AL, Tewalt S, Corum MD. 2007. Organic compounds in produced waters from coalbed natural gas wells in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming, USA. Appl Geochem 22(10):2240-2256. DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.04.010
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: octanoic acid, octylic acid
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Flame retardant, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gravena, C., Mathias, P.C. and Ashcroft, S.J., 2002. Acute effects of fatty acids on insulin secretion from rat and human islets of Langerhans. Journal of Endocrinology, 173(1), pp.73-80. DOI: doi: 10.1677/joe.0.1730073.
Zhou, Y.P. and Grill, V.E., 1994. Long-term exposure of rat pancreatic islets to fatty acids inhibits glucose-induced insulin secretion and biosynthesis through a glucose fatty acid cycle. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 93(2), p.870. DOI: 10.1172/JCI117042.
USE REFERENCES
European Commisson. 2016. Commission Staff Working Document Impact Assessment. Defining criteria for identifying endocrine disruptors in the context of the implementation of the plant protection products regulation and biocidal products regulation. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: April 4, 2018
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Okubo T, Yokoyama Y, Kano K, Soya Y, Kano I. 2004. Estimation of estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities of selected pesticides by MCF-7 cell proliferation assay. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 46(4):445-453. DOI: 10.1007/s00244-003-3017-6.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 4, 2015 DATE UPDATED: August 5, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: carbaril, sevin
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Casale GP, Vennerstrom JL, Bavari S, Wang T. 1993. Inhibition of interleukin 2 driven proliferation of mouse CTLL2 cells, by selected carbamate and organophosphate insecticides and congeners of carbaryl. Immunopharmacology & Immunotoxicology 15(2 & 3):199-215. DOI: 10.3109/08923979309025994.
Dieringer CS, Thomas JA. 1974. Effects of carbaryl on the metabolism of androgens in the prostate and liver of the mouse. Environ Res 7(3):381-386. DOI: 10.1016/0013-9351(74)90039-5.
Hassan A. 1971. Pharmacological effects of carbaryl. I. The effect of carbaryl on the synthesis and degradation of catecholamines in the rat. Biochem Pharmacol 20(9):2299-308. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(71)90229-2.
Klotz DM, Arnold SF, McLachlan JA. 1997. Inhibition of 17 beta-estradiol and progesterone activity in human breast and endometrial cancer cells by carbamate insecticides. Life Sci 60(17):1467-1475. DOI: 10.1016/S0024-3205(97)00098-2.
Smalley HE, Curtis JM, Earl FL. 1968. Teratogenic action of carbaryl in beagle dogs. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 13(3):392-403. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(68)90115-4.
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Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Goldman JM, Rehnberg GL, Cooper RL, Gray LE, Hein JF, McElroy WK. 1989. Effects of the benomyl metabolite, carbendazim, on the hypothalamic-pituitary reproductive axis in the male rat. Toxicology 57(2):173-182. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(89)90163-7.
Lim J, Miller MG. 1997. Role of testis exposure levels in the insensitivity of prepubertal rats to carbendazim-induced testicular toxicity. Fundam Appl Toxicol 37(2):158-167. DOI: 10.1006/faat.1997.2315.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
Morinaga H, Yanase T, Nomura M, Okabe T, Goto K, Harada N, Nawata H. 2004. A benzimidazole fungicide, benomyl, and its metabolite, carbendazim, induce aromatase activity in a human ovarian granulose-like tumor cell line (KGN). Endocrinology 145(4):1860-1869. DOI: 10.1210/en.2003-1182
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Casale GP, Vennerstrom JL, Bavari S, Wang T. 1993. Inhibition of interleukin 2 driven proliferation of mouse CTLL2 cells, by selected carbamate and organophosphate insecticides and congeners of carbaryl. Immunopharmacology & Immunotoxicology 15(2 & 3):199-215. DOI: 10.3109/08923979309025994.
Goldner WS, Sandler DP, Yu F, Shostrom V, Hoppin JA, Kamel F, LeVan TD. Hypothyroidism and pesticide use among male private pesticide applicators in the agricultural health study. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine/American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2013 Oct;55(10):1171. DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31829b290b.
Yousef MI, Bertheussen K, Ibrahim HZ, Helmi S, Seehy MA, Salem MH. 1996. A sensitive sperm-motility test for the assessment of cytotoxic effect of pesticides. Journal of Environmental Science & Health Part B 31(1):99-115. DOI: 10.1080/03601239609372977.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US EPA. 2012. Pesticide Reregistration Status for n-methyl Carbamates. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Yoshida S, Hiyoshi K, Ichinose T, Takano H, Oshio S, Sugawara I, Takeda K, Shibamoto T. 2009. Effect of nanoparticles on the male reproductive system of mice. Int J Androl 32(4):337-342 . DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2007.00865.x.
USE REFERENCES
Yoshida S, Hiyoshi K, Ichinose T, Takano H, Oshio S, Sugawara I, Takeda K and Shibamoto T. 2009. Effect of nanoparticles on the male reproductive system of mice. Int J Androl 32(4): 337-342. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2007.00865.x
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: carbon disulphide
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metal/Metallurgy, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Caroldi S, Jarvis J, Magos L. 1985. Carbon disulphide exposure affects the response of rat adrenal medulla to hypothermia and hypoglycaemia. Br J Pharmacol 84(2):357-363. DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1985.tb12920.x.
Guo XM, Tang RH, Qin XY, Yang J, Chen GY. 2008. Effects of carbon disulfide on the expression and activity of nitric oxide synthase in rat hippocampus. Chin Med J (Engl) 121(24):2553-2556. Link.
Kumar S, Patel KG, Gautam AK, Agarwal K, Shah BA, Saiyed HN. 1999. Detection of germ cell genotoxic potential of carbon disulphide using sperm head shape abnormality test. Hum Exp Toxicol 18(12):731-734. Link.
Opacka J, Opalska B, Kolakowski J, Wronska-Nofer T. 1986. Neurotoxic effects of the combined exposure to carbon disulphide and ethanol in rats. Toxicol Lett 32(1-2):9-18. DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(86)90043-3.
Tsai ML, Chang JH, Huang BM, Liu MY. 2000. In vivo exposure to carbon disulfide increases the contraction frequency of pregnant rat uteri through an indirect pathway. Life Sci 66(3):201-208. DOI: 10.1016/S0024-3205(99)00581-0.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
Rich A, Grover JP, Sattler ML. 2014. An exploratory study of air emissions associated with shale gas development and production in the Barnett Shale. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 64(1):61-72. DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2013.832713
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Metal/Metallurgy, Pesticide ingredient, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Brogan WC, Eacho PI, Hinton DE, Colby HD. 1984. Effect of carbon tetrachloride on adrenocortical structure and function in guinea pigs. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 75(1):118-127. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(84)90082-6.
Colby HD, Purcell H, Kominami S, Takemori S, Kossor DC. 1994. Adrenal activation of carbon tetrachloride: Role of microsomal P450 isozymes. Toxicology 94(1-3):31-40. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(94)90026-4.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: CMC
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Pesticide ingredient, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Chassaing B, Koren O, Goodrich JK, Poole AC, Srinivasan S, Ley RE and Gewirtz AT. 2015. Dietary emulsifiers impact the mouse gut microbiota promoting colitis and metabolic syndrome. Nature 519(7541):92-96. DOI: 10.1038/nature14232.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 1 , 2-dihydroxybenzene, 1 , 2-benzenediol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lindsay RH, Hill JB, Gaitan E, Cooksey RC, Jolley RL. 1992. Antithyroid effects of coal-derived pollutants. J Toxicol Environ Health 37(4):467-481. DOI: 10.1080/15287399209531686.
USE REFERENCES
National Pesticide Information Retrieval System. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 23, 2013
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Yang CY, Chang CC, Tsai SS, Chuang HY, Ho CK, Wu TN, Sung FC. 2003. Preterm delivery among people living around Portland cement plants. Environ Res 92(1):64-68. DOI: 10.1016/S0013-9351(02)00055-5.
USE REFERENCES
The Endocrine Disruption Exchange. 2011. Multistate Report Spreadsheet. Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Flame retardant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Metal/Metallurgy, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Wyatt, I., Coutss, C.T. and Elcombe, C.R., 1993. The effect of chlorinated paraffins on hepatic enzymes and thyroid hormones. Toxicology, 77(1-2), pp.81-90. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(93)90139-J.
USE REFERENCES
Groh, K.J., Backhaus, T., Carney-Almroth, B., Geueke, B., Inostroza, P.A., Lennquist, A., Maffini, M., Leslie, H.A., Slunge, D., Trasande, L. and Warhurst, M., 2018. Chemicals associated with plastic packaging: Inventory and hazards. PeerJ Preprints, 6, p.e27036v1. DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.27036v1
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: September 26, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: caesium-137, Cs-137 radioisotope, 137Cs radioisotope
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Grignard, E., Guéguen, Y., Grison, S., Dublineau, I., Gourmelon, P. and Souidi, M., 2010. Testicular steroidogenesis is not altered by 137 cesium Chernobyl fallout, following in utero or post-natal chronic exposure. Comptes rendus biologies, 333(5), pp.416-423. DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2010.02.003.
Manens, L., Grison, S., Bertho, J.M., Lestaevel, P., Guéguen, Y., Benderitter, M., Aigueperse, J. and Souidi, M., 2016. Chronic exposure of adult, postnatal and in utero rat models to low-dose 137Cesium: impact on circulating biomarkers. Journal of radiation research, 57(6), pp.607-619. DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrw067.
USE REFERENCES
Chemical and Product Categories (CPCAT) Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: September 24, 2018
CATEGORY OF USE: Biogenic compound
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W, Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chem Res Toxicol 16(10):1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g.
USE REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W and Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chemical Research in Toxicology 16(10): 1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 1 , 4-tetrachlorobenzoquinone, 2 , 3 , 5 , 6-tetrachlorobenzoquinone
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Anderson RJ, Prahlad KV. 1976. The deleterious effects of fungicides and herbicides on Xenopus laevis embryos. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 4(3):312-323. DOI: 10.1007/BF02221030.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: C.I. direct black 38, direct black 38, disodium 4-amino-3-[[4'-[ ( 2 , 4-diaminophenyl ) azo][1 , 1'-biphenyl]-4-yl]azo]-5-hydroxy-6- ( phenylazo ) naphthalene-2 , 7-disulphonate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gray LE, Jr., Ostby JS. 1993. The effects of prenatal administration of azo dyes on testicular development in the mouse: a structure activity profile of dyes derived from benzidine, dimethylbenzidine, or dimethoxybenzidine. Fundam Appl Toxicol 20(2):177-183. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/20.2.177.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cranmer JM, Cranmer MF, Goad PT. 1984. Prenatal chlordane exposure: effects on plasma corticosterone concentrations over the lifespan of mice. Environ Res 35(1):204-210. DOI: 10.1016/0013-9351(84)90128-2 Get .
Goldner WS, Sandler DP, Yu F, Shostrom V, Hoppin JA, Kamel F, LeVan TD. Hypothyroidism and pesticide use among male private pesticide applicators in the agricultural health study. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine/American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2013 Oct;55(10):1171. DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31829b290b.
Haake J, Kelley M, Keys B, Safe S. 1987. The effects of organochlorine pesticides as inducers of testosterone and benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylases. Gen Pharmacol 18(2):165-169. DOI: 10.1016/0306-3623(87)90244-8.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
EPA. 2011. Chlordane. Link
National Pesticide Information Center (NPIC). 2001. Chlordane. General Fact Sheet. Link
Rotterdam Convention. 2004. Link
Stockholm Convention. 2001. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: cis-chlordane, alpha-chlordane
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. (chlordane) Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: trans-chlordane, beta-chlordane, 'gamma-chlordane'
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: kepone
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Okubo T, Yokoyama Y, Kano K, Soya Y, Kano I. 2004. Estimation of estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities of selected pesticides by MCF-7 cell proliferation assay. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 46(4):445-453. DOI: 10.1007/s00244-003-3017-6.
Scippo ML, Argiris C, Van De Weerdt C, Muller M, Willemsen P, Martial J, Maghuin-Rogister G. 2004. Recombinant human estrogen, androgen and progesterone receptors for detection of potential endocrine disruptors. Anal Bioanal Chem 378(3):664-669. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-003-2251-0.
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
Vonier PM, Crain DA, McLachlan JA, Guillette LJ Jr., Arnold SF. 1996. Interaction of environmental chemicals with the estrogen and progesterone receptors from the oviduct of the American alligator. Environ Health Perspect 104(12):1318-1322. DOI: 10.2307/3432968 .
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
PANNA. PAN Pesticide Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cooper RL, Barrett MA, Goldman JM, Rehnberg GL, McElroy WK, Stoker TE. 1994. Pregnancy alterations following xenobiotic induced delays in ovulation in the female rat. Fundam Appl Toxicol 22(3):474-480. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/22.3.474.
Costa LG, Olibet G, Murphy SD. 1988. Alpha2-adrenoceptors as a target for formamidine pesticides: In vitro and in vivo studies in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 93(2):319-328. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(88)90132-9.
Goldman JM, Cooper RL, Laws SC, Rehnberg GL, Edwards TL, McElroy WK, Hein J. 1990. Chlordimeform-induced alterations in endocrine regulation within the male rat reproductive system. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 104(1):25-35. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(90)90279-4.
Stoker TE, Goldman JM, Cooper RL, McElroy WK. 1991. Influence of chlordimeform on alpha-adrenergic receptor-associated mechanisms of hormonal regulation in the rat: pituitary and adrenocortical secretion. Toxicology 69(3):257-268. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(91)90185-4.
Wiltrout RW, Ercegovich CD, Ceglowski WS. 1978. Humoral immunity in mice following oral administration of selected pesticides. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 20(3):423-431. DOI: 10.1007/BF01683542.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kowalczyk-Bronisz S, Gieldanowski J, Bubak B, Kotz J. 1992. Studies on effect of pesticide Chlorfenwinfos on mouse immune system. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 40(5-6):283-289. Link.
Osicka-Koprowska A, Lipska M, Wysocka-Paruszewska B. 1984. Effects of chlorfenvinphos on plasma corticosterone and aldosterone levels in rats. Arch Toxicol 55(1):68-69. DOI: 10.1007/BF00316589.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US EPA. 2012. May 9. Pesticide Reregistration Status for Organophosphates. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: October 7, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bercz JP, Jones L, Garner L, Murray D, Ludwig A, Boston J. 1982. Subchronic toxicity of chlorine dioxide and related compounds in drinking water in the nonhuman primate. Environ Health Perspect 46:47-55. DOI: 10.2307/3429421.
Harrington RM, Shertzer HG, Bercz JP. 1986. Effects of chlorine dioxide on thyroid function in the African green monkey and the rat. J Toxicol Environ Health 19(2):235-242. DOI: 10.1080/15287398609530923.
Revis NW, McCauley P, Bull R, Holdsworth G. 1986. Relationship of drinking water disinfectants to plasma cholesterol and thyroid hormone levels in experimental studies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 83(5):1485-1489. Link.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Long M, Laier P, Vinggaard AM, Andersen HR, Lynggaard J, Bonefeld-Jorgensen EC. 2003. Effects of currently used pesticides in the AhR-CALUX assay: comparison between the human TV101L and the rat H4IIE cell line. Toxicology 194(1-2):77-93. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2003.08.001 Get .
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: March 25, 2015 DATE UPDATED: March 25, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.6649
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: CNP-amino, amino-chlornitrofen
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.6649
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2-chloroacetamide
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
SCCS (Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety). 2011. Opinion on chloroacetamide. 22 March 2011 Link.
USE REFERENCES
European Commisson. 2016. Commission Staff Working Document Impact Assessment. Defining criteria for identifying endocrine disruptors in the context of the implementation of the plant protection products regulation and biocidal products regulation. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: April 4, 2018
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: vinyl chloride, chloroethene, chloroethylene, ethylene monochloride, monochloroethene, monochloroethylene, VC, vinyl chloride monomer ( VCM )
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bi, W., Wang, Y., Huang, M. and Meng, D., 1985. Effect of vinyl chloride on testis in rats. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 10(3), pp.281-289. DOI: 10.1016/0147-6513(85)90074-0.
Himeno, S., Okuda, H. and Suzuki, T., 1983. Lack of dominant lethal effects in male CD-1 mice after short-term and long-term exposures to vinyl chloride monomer. Toxicology letters, 16(1-2), pp.47-53. DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(83)90009-7.
USE REFERENCES
Groh, K.J., Backhaus, T., Carney-Almroth, B., Geueke, B., Inostroza, P.A., Lennquist, A., Maffini, M., Leslie, H.A., Slunge, D., Trasande, L. and Warhurst, M., 2018. Chemicals associated with plastic packaging: Inventory and hazards. PeerJ Preprints, 6, p.e27036v1. DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.27036v1
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: September 26, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: methyl trichloride, trichloromethane
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lim GE, Stals SI, Petrik JJ, Foster WG, and Holloway AC. 2004. The effect of in utero and lactational exposure to chloroform on postnatal growth and glucose tolerance in male wistar rats. Endocrine, 25(3), pp.223-228. DOI: 10.1385/ENDO:25:3:223.
USE REFERENCES
Hildenbrand ZL, Carlton DD, Fontenot B, Meik JM, Walton J, Taylor J, Thacker J, Korlie S, Shelor CP, Henderson D, et al. 2015. A Comprehensive Analysis of Groundwater Quality in The Barnett Shale Region. Environ Sci Technol 49(13):8254-8262. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01526
Rich A, Grover JP, Sattler ML. 2014. An exploratory study of air emissions associated with shale gas development and production in the Barnett Shale. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 64(1):61-72. DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2013.832713
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Rosenberg RS, Grass L, Jenkins DJ, Kendall CWC, Diamandis EP. 1998. Modulation of androgen and progesterone receptors by phytochemicals in breast cancer cell lines. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 248(3):935-939. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8977.
USE REFERENCES
PUBCHEM. Chlorogenic Acid. Link
PUBCHEM. Chlorogenic Acid. Link
Rosenberg RS, Grass L, Jenkins DJ, Kendall CWC, Diamandis EP. 1998. Modulation of androgen and progesterone receptors by phytochemicals in breast cancer cell lines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 248(3):935-939. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8977
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2-chloro-1 , 3-butadiene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Sanotskii IV. 1976. Aspects of the toxicology of chloroprene: immediate and long-term effects. Environ Health Perspect 17:85-93. DOI: 10.2307/3428612 .
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Andersen HR, Vinggaard AM, Rasmussen TH, Gjermandsen IM, Bonefeld-Jorgensen EC. 2002. Effects of currently used pesticides in assays for estrogenicity, androgenicity, and aromatase activity in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 179(1):1-12. DOI: 10.1006/taap.2001.9347.
McMahon T, Halstead N, Johnson S, Raffel TR, Romansic JM, Crumrine PW, Boughton RK, Martin LB, Rohr JR. 2011. The fungicide chlorothalonil is nonlinearly associated with corticosterone levels, immunity, and mortality in amphibians. Environ Health Perspect 119(8):1098-1103. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002956.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 4-chloro-2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kramer VJ, Giesy JP. 1999. Specific binding of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites and other substances to bovine calf uterine estrogen receptor: structure-binding relationships. Sci Total Environ 233(1-3):141-161. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00221-1.
Miller D, Wheals BB, Beresford N, Sumpter JP. 2001. Estrogenic activity of phenolic additives determined by an in vitro yeast bioassay. Environ Health Perspect 109(2):133-138. DOI: 10.2307/3434765 .
USE REFERENCES
Miller D, Wheals BB, Beresford N, Sumpter JP. 2001. Estrogenic activity of phenolic additives determined by an in vitro yeast bioassay. Environ Health Perspect 109(2):133-138. DOI: 10.2307/3434765
PUBCHEM. Chlorothymol-Compound Summary. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: chlortoluron
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mu H, Zhang P, Xu J. 2008. Testicular toxicity and mechanisms of chlorotoluron compounds in the mouse. Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods 18(5):399-403. DOI: 10.1080/15376510701533921.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Flame retardant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Wyatt, I., Coutss, C.T. and Elcombe, C.R., 1993. The effect of chlorinated paraffins on hepatic enzymes and thyroid hormones. Toxicology, 77(1-2), pp.81-90. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(93)90139-J.
USE REFERENCES
Wyatt, I., Coutss, C.T. and Elcombe, C.R., 1993. The effect of chlorinated paraffins on hepatic enzymes and thyroid hormones. Toxicology, 77(1-2), pp.81-90. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(93)90139-J
DATE ADDED: September 26, 2018
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
USDA. 1996. Chloroxuron (Tenoran), chloramben (Amiben), diethatyl-ethyl (Antor). USDA Pesticide Re-registration Notification Network 6(2). . Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Flame retardant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Wyatt, I., Coutss, C.T. and Elcombe, C.R., 1993. The effect of chlorinated paraffins on hepatic enzymes and thyroid hormones. Toxicology, 77(1-2), pp.81-90. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(93)90139-J.
USE REFERENCES
Wyatt, I., Coutss, C.T. and Elcombe, C.R., 1993. The effect of chlorinated paraffins on hepatic enzymes and thyroid hormones. Toxicology, 77(1-2), pp.81-90. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(93)90139-J
DATE ADDED: September 26, 2018
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kugathas S, Audouze K, Ermler S, Orton F, Rosivatz E, Scholze M, Kortenkamp A. 2015 (in press). Effects of common pesticides on prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) inhibition in SC5 mouse Sertoli cells, evidence of binding at the COX2 active site, and implications for endocrine disruption. Environ Health Perspect. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409544.
Orton F, Lutz I, Kloas W, Routledge EJ. 2009. Endocrine disrupting effects of herbicides and pentachlorophenol: in vitro and in vivo evidence. Environ Sci Technol 43(6):2144-2150. DOI: 10.1021/es8028928.
Orton F, Rosivatz E, Scholze M, Kortenkamp A. 2011. Widely used pesticides with previously unknown endocrine activity revealed as in vitro antiandrogens. Environ Health Perspect 119(6):794-800. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002895.
Takeuchi S, Iida M, Yabushita H, Matsuda T, Kojima H. 2008. In vitro screening for aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonistic activity in 200 pesticides using a highly sensitive reporter cell line, DR-EcoScreen cells, and in vivo mouse liver cytochrome P450-1A induction by propanil, diuron and linuron. Chemosphere 74(1):155-165. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.08.015.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
Palma P, Palma VL, Matos C, Fernandes RM, Bohn A, Soares AM, Barbosa IR. 2009. Assessment of the pesticides atrazine, endosulfan sulphate and chlorpyrifos for juvenoid-related endocrine activity using Daphnia magna. Chemosphere 76(3):335-340. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.03.059.
Qiao D, Seidler FJ, Abreu-Villaca Y, Tate CA, Cousins MM, Slotkin TA. 2004. Chlorpyrifos exposure during neurulation: cholinergic synaptic dysfunction and cellular alterations in brain regions at adolescence and adulthood. Developmental Brain Research 148(1):43-52. DOI: 10.1016/j.devbrainres.2003.10.004.
Slotkin TA, Brown KK, Seidler FJ. 2005. Developmental exposure of rats to chlorpyrifos elicits sex-selective hyperlipidemia and hyperinsulinemia in adulthood. Environ Health Perspect 113(10):1291-1294. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.8133.
Slotkin TA, Tate CA, Cousins MM, Seidler FJ. 2005. Imbalances emerge in cardiac autonomic cell signaling after neonatal exposure to terbutaline or chlorpyrifos, alone or in combination. Developmental Brain Research 160(2):219-230. DOI: 10.1016/j.devbrainres.2005.09.006.
Takeuchi S, Iida M, Yabushita H, Matsuda T, Kojima H. 2008. In vitro screening for aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonistic activity in 200 pesticides using a highly sensitive reporter cell line, DR-EcoScreen cells, and in vivo mouse liver cytochrome P450-1A induction by propanil, diuron and linuron. Chemosphere 74(1):155-165. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.08.015.
Venerosi A, Cutuli D, Colonnello V, Cardona D, Ricceri L, Calamandrei G. 2008. Neonatal exposure to chlorpyrifos affects maternal responses and maternal aggression of female mice in adulthood. Neurotoxicol Teratol 30(6):468-474. DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2008.07.002.
Viswanath G, Chatterjee S, Dabral S, Nanguneri SR, Divya G, Roy P. 2010. Anti-androgenic endocrine disrupting activities of chlorpyrifos and piperophos. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 120(1):22-29. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.02.032.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Quistad GB, Nomura DK, Sparks SE, Segall Y, Casida JE. 2002. Cannabinoid CB1 receptor as a target for chlorpyrifos oxon and other organophosphorus pesticides. Toxicol Lett 135(1-2):89-93. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(02)00251-5.
Schuh RA, Lein PJ, Beckles RA, Jett DA. 2002. Noncholinesterase mechanisms of chlorpyrifos neurotoxicity: altered phosphorylation of Ca2+/cAMP response element binding protein in cultured neurons. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 182(2):176-185. DOI: 10.1006/taap.2002.9445.
USE REFERENCES
Quistad GB, Nomura DK, Sparks SE, Segall Y, Casida JE. 2002. Cannabinoid CB1 receptor as a target for chlorpyrifos oxon and other organophosphorus pesticides. Toxicol Lett 135(1-2):89-93. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(02)00251-5
DATE ADDED: October 7, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 7, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Jeong SH, Kim BY, Kang HG, Ku HO, Cho JH. 2006. Effect of chlorpyrifos-methyl on steroid and thyroid hormones in rat F0- and F1-generations. Toxicology 220(2-3):189-202. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2006.01.005.
Kang HG, Jeong SH, Cho JH, Kim DG, Park JM, Cho MH. 2004. Chlropyrifos-methyl shows anti-androgenic activity without estrogenic activity in rats. Toxicology 199(2-3):219-230. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2004.02.025.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: October 7, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: fospirate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Quistad GB, Nomura DK, Sparks SE, Segall Y, Casida JE. 2002. Cannabinoid CB1 receptor as a target for chlorpyrifos oxon and other organophosphorus pesticides. Toxicol Lett 135(1-2):89-93. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(02)00251-5.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
Quistad GB, Nomura DK, Sparks SE, Segall Y, Casida JE. 2002. Cannabinoid CB1 receptor as a target for chlorpyrifos oxon and other organophosphorus pesticides. Toxicol Lett 135(1-2):89-93. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(02)00251-5
DATE ADDED: October 7, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 19, 2013
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metal/Metallurgy, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kumar S, Sathwara NG, Gautam AK, Agarwal K, Shah B, Kulkarni PK, Patel K, Patel A, Dave LM, Parikh DJ, and Saiyed HN. 2005. Semen quality of industrial workers occupationally exposed to chromium. J Occup Health, 47(5), pp.424-430. DOI: 10.1539/joh.47.424.
Li Y, Gao Q, Li M, Li M, Gao X. 2014. Cadmium, Chromium, and Copper Concentration plus Semen-Quality in Environmental Pollution Site, China. Iran J Public Health 43(1):35-41. Link.
USE REFERENCES
The Endocrine Disruption Exchange. 2011. Multistate Report Spreadsheet. Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: chromous chloride, chromium ( II ) chloride
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Metal/Metallurgy
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Choe SY, Kim SJ, Kim HG, Lee JH, Choi Y, Lee H, Kim Y. 2003. Evaluation of estrogenicity of major heavy metals. Sci Total Environ 312(1-3):15-21. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00190-6.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: trivalent chromium
CATEGORIES OF USE: Metal/Metallurgy, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Elbetieha A, Al-Hamood MH. 1997. Long-term exposure of male and female mice to trivalent and hexavalent chromium compounds: effect on fertility. Toxicology 116(1-3):39-47. DOI: 10.1016/S0300-483X(96)03516-0.
USE REFERENCES
The Endocrine Disruption Exchange. 2011. Multistate Report Spreadsheet. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: hexavalent chromium
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Metal/Metallurgy
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Li H, Chen Q, Li S, Yao W, Li L, Shi X, Wang L, Castranova V, Vallyathan V, Ernst E, and Chen C, 2001. Effect of Cr (VI) exposure on sperm quality: human and animal studies. Ann Occup Hyg, 45(7), pp.505-511. DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4878(01)00004-7.
USE REFERENCES
Li H, Chen Q, Li S, Yao W, Li L, Shi X, Wang L, Castranova V, Vallyathan V, Ernst E, and Chen C. 2001. Effect of Cr (VI) exposure on sperm quality: human and animal studies. Ann Occup Hyg 45(7):505-511. DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4878(01)00004-7
DATE ADDED: March 19, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
Vinggaard AM, Hnida C, Larsen JC. 2000. Environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons affect androgen receptor activation in vitro. Toxicology 145(2-3):173-183. DOI: 10.1016/S0300-483X(00)00143-8.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1995. Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Link
Colborn T, Schultz K, Herrick L, Kwiatkowski C. 2014. An Exploratory Study of Air Quality near Natural Gas Operations. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 20(1):86-105. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2012.749447
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Zielinska B, Campbell D, Samburova V. 2014. Impact of emissions from natural gas production facilities on ambient air quality in the Barnett Shale area: a pilot study. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 64(12):1369-1383. DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2014.954735
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Biogenic compound
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Oberdörster E, Clay MA, Cottam DM, Wilmot FA, McLachlan JA, Milner MJ. 2001. Common phytochemicals are ecdysteroid agonists and antagonists: a possible evolutionary link between vertebrate and invertebrate steroid hormones. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 77(4-5):229-238. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-0760(01)00067-X.
USE REFERENCES
Oberdorster E, Clay MA, Cottam DM, Wilmot FA, McLachlan JA and Milner MJ. 2001. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 77(4-5):229-38. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-0760(01)00067-X
Oberdörster E, Clay MA, Cottam DM, Wilmot FA, McLachlan JA, Milner MJ. 2001. Common phytochemicals are ecdysteroid agonists and antagonists: a possible evolutionary link between vertebrate and invertebrate steroid hormones. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 77(4-5):229-238. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-0760(01)00067-X
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metabolite/Degradate, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Matsuda H, Shimoda H, Morikawa T, Yoshikawa M. 2001. Phytoestrogens from the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum (Polygonaceae): structure-requirement of hydroxyanthraquinones for estrogenic activity. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 11(14):1839-1842. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-894X(01)00318-3.
USE REFERENCES
Kim DH. 2000. Metabolism of rhaponticin and chrysophanol 8-o-beta-D-glucopyranoside from the rhizome of rheum undulatum by human intestinal bacteria and their anti-allergic actions. Biol Pharm Bull 23:830-833. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.23.830
Matsuda H, Shimoda H, Morikawa T, Yoshikawa M. 2001. Phytoestrogens from the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum (Polygonaceae): structure-requirement of hydroxyanthraquinones for estrogenic activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 11(14):1839-1842. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-894X(01)00318-3
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Matsuda H, Shimoda H, Morikawa T, Yoshikawa M. 2001. Phytoestrogens from the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum (Polygonaceae): structure-requirement of hydroxyanthraquinones for estrogenic activity. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 11(14):1839-1842. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-894X(01)00318-3.
USE REFERENCES
Kim DH. 2000. Metabolism of rhaponticin and chrysophanol 8-o-beta-D-glucopyranoside from the rhizome of rheum undulatum by human intestinal bacteria and their anti-allergic actions. Biol Pharm Bull 23:830-833. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.23.830
Matsuda H, Shimoda H, Morikawa T, Yoshikawa M. 2001. Phytoestrogens from the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum (Polygonaceae): structure-requirement of hydroxyanthraquinones for estrogenic activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 11(14):1839-1842. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-894X(01)00318-3
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: styrene dimer SD-3
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Ohyama K-I, Nagai F, Tsuchiya Y. 2001. Certain styrene oligomers have proliferative activity on MCF-7 human breast tumor cells and binding affinity for human estrogen receptor. Environ Health Perspect 109(7):699-703. Link.
Satoh K, Nagai F, Aoki N. 2001. Several environmental pollutants have binding affinities for both androgen receptor and estrogen receptor α. Journal of Health Science 47(5):495-501. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.47.495.
USE REFERENCES
Ohyama K-I, Nagai F, Tsuchiya Y. 2001. Certain styrene oligomers have proliferative activity on MCF-7 human breast tumor cells and binding affinity for human estrogen receptor. Environ Health Perspect 109(7):699-703. DOI: 10.2307/3454786
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: ( chlofentezine, chlorfentezine, clorfentezine: misspellings )
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hurley PM, Hill RN, Whiting RJ. 1998. Mode of carcinogenic action of pesticides inducing thyroid follicular cell tumors in rodents [review]. Environ Health Perspect 106(8):437-445. DOI: 10.2307/3434175 .
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
FAO. 2005. Clofentezine. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Besselink HT, van Beusekom S, Roex E, Vethaak AD, Koeman JH, Brouwer A. 1996. Low hepatic 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity and minor alterations in retinoid and thyroid hormone levels in flounder (Plathicthys flesus) exposed to the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixture, Clophen A50. Environ Pollut 92(3):267-274. DOI: 10.1016/0269-7491(95)00116-6.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) (p 410). Link
Schulz DE, Petrick G, Duinker JC. 1989. Complete characterization of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in commercial Aroclor and Clophen mixtures by multidimensional gas chromatography-- electron capture detection. Environ Sci Technol 23(7):852-859. DOI: 10.1021/es00065a015
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: TI 435
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hoshi, N., Hirano, T., Omotehara, T., Tokumoto, J., Umemura, Y., Mantani, Y., Tanida, T., Warita, K., Tabuchi, Y., Yokoyama, T. and Kitagawa, H., 2014. Insight into the mechanism of reproductive dysfunction caused by neonicotinoid pesticides. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 37(9), pp.1439-1443. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b14-00359.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: March 30, 2018
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lemaire G, Mnif W, Pascussi JM, Pillon A, Rabenoelina F, Fenet H, Gomez E, Casellas C, Nicolas JC, Cavailles V, Duchesne MJ, Balaguer P. 2006. Identification of new human pregnane X receptor ligands among pesticides using a stable reporter cell system. Toxicol Sci 91(2):501-509. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj173.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: cobalt ( II ) chloride, cobaltous chloride
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Goebeler M, Roth J, Brocker EB, Sorg C, Schulze-Osthoff K. 1995. Activation of nuclear factor-kappa B and gene expression in human endothelial cells by the common haptens nickel and cobalt. J Immunol 155(5):2459-2467. Link.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: C.I. direct red 28
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gray LE, Jr., Ostby JS, Kavlock RJ, Marshall R. 1992. Gonadal effects of fetal exposure to the azo dye congo red in mice: infertility in female but not male offspring. Fundam Appl Toxicol 19(3):411-422. DOI: 10.1016/0272-0590(92)90180-P.
Gray LE, Jr., Ostby JS. 1993. The effects of prenatal administration of azo dyes on testicular development in the mouse: a structure activity profile of dyes derived from benzidine, dimethylbenzidine, or dimethoxybenzidine. Fundam Appl Toxicol 20(2):177-183. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/20.2.177.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Shivanandappa T, Krishnakumari MK, Majumder SK. 1983. Testicular atrophy in Gallus domesticus fed acute doses of copper fungicides. Poult Sci 62(2):405-408. DOI: 10.3382/ps.0620405.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: copper ( II ) sulfate, cupric sulfate [CuSO4]
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metal/Metallurgy, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Shivanandappa T, Krishnakumari MK, Majumder SK. 1983. Testicular atrophy in Gallus domesticus fed acute doses of copper fungicides. Poult Sci 62(2):405-408. DOI: 10.3382/ps.0620405.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 23, 2013
CATEGORY OF USE: Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Sotelo A, Montalvo I, de la Luz Crail M, Gonzalez-Garza MT. 1982. Infertility in male rats induced by diets containing whole cottonseed flour. J Nutr 112(11):2052-2057. DOI: 10.1093/jn/112.11.2052.
USE REFERENCES
EPA Actor Link
The Endocrine Disruption Exchange. 2011. Multistate Report Spreadsheet. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
USE REFERENCES
Kuiper GGJM, Lemmen JG, Carlsson B, Corton JC, Safe SH, van der Saag PT, van der Burg P, Gustafsson JA. 1998. Interaction of estrogenic chemicals and phytoestrogens with estrogen receptor beta. Endocrinology 139(10):4252-4263. DOI: 10.1210/endo.139.10.6216
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282
Santa Cruz BioTechnology. Coumestrol. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Andrè E, Campi B, Materazzi S, Trevisani M, Amadesi S, Massi D, Creminon C, Vaksman N, Nassini R, Civelli M, Baraldi PG, Poole DP, Bunnett NW, Geppetti P, Patacchini R. 2008. Cigarette smoke-induced neurogenic inflammation is mediated by alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes and the TRPA1 receptor in rodents. J Clin Invest 118(7):2574-2582. DOI: 10.1172/JCI34886.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 12, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 12, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: isopropylbenzene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kassotis CD, Klemp KC, Vu DC, Lin CH, Meng CX, Besch-Williford CL, Pinatti L, Zoeller RT, Drobnis EZ, Balise VD, et al. 2015 in press. Endocrine-disrupting activity of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and adverse health outcomes after prenatal exposure in male mice. Endocrinology:en20151375. DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1375.
Kassotis CD, Tillitt DE, Davis JW, Hormann AM, Nagel SC. 2014. Estrogen and androgen receptor activities of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and surface and ground water in a drilling-dense region. Endocrinology 155(3):897-907. DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1697.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Waxman HA, Markey EJ, and DeGette D. 2011. Chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. United States House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce Minority Staff. Link
DATE ADDED: August 27, 2015 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: copper ( II ) acetate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metal/Metallurgy, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Choe SY, Kim SJ, Kim HG, Lee JH, Choi Y, Lee H, Kim Y. 2003. Evaluation of estrogenicity of major heavy metals. Sci Total Environ 312(1-3):15-21. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00190-6.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: copper ( II ) chloride
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Metal/Metallurgy, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Choe SY, Kim SJ, Kim HG, Lee JH, Choi Y, Lee H, Kim Y. 2003. Evaluation of estrogenicity of major heavy metals. Sci Total Environ 312(1-3):15-21. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00190-6.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Shafer TJ, Ward TR, Meacham CA, Cooper RL. 1999. Effects of the chlorotriazine herbicide, cyanazine, on GABA(A) receptors in cortical tissue from rat brain. Toxicology 142(1):57-68. DOI: 10.1016/S0300-483X(99)00133-X.
Tran DQ, Kow KY, McLachlan JA, Arnold SF. 1996. The inhibition of estrogen receptor-mediated responses by chloro-s-triazine-derived compounds is dependent on estradiol concentration in yeast. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 227(1):140-146. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1480.
Vonier PM, Crain DA, McLachlan JA, Guillette LJ Jr., Arnold SF. 1996. Interaction of environmental chemicals with the estrogen and progesterone receptors from the oviduct of the American alligator. Environ Health Perspect 104(12):1318-1322. DOI: 10.2307/3432968 .
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
PAN-UK. 2008. Which pesticides are banned in Europe? Link
US EPA. 2012. Pesticide Reregistration Status for Triazines. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mitran E, Callender T, Orha B, Dragnea P, Botezatu G. 1997. Neurotoxicity associated with occupational exposure to acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and cyclohexanone. Environ Res 73(1-2):181-188. DOI: 10.1006/enrs.1997.3703.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: April 21, 2015 DATE UPDATED: April 21, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Loukovaara M, Carson M, Adlercreutz H. 1995. Regulation of sex hormone-binding globulin secretion and gene expression by cycloheximide in vitro. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 54(3-4):141-146. DOI: 10.1016/0960-0760(95)00141-L.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
USE REFERENCES
Eisenstadt E, Gold A. 1978. Cyclopenta[c,d]pyrene: a highly mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 75(4):1667–1669. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.75.4.1667
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: cyano ( 3-phenoxyphenyl ) methyl 2 , 2-dichloro-1- ( 4-ethoxyphenyl ) cyclopropanecarboxylate
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Du G, Shen O, Sun H, Fei J, Lu C, Song L, Xia Y, Wang S, Wang X. 2010. Assessing hormone receptor activities of pyrethroid insecticides and their metabolites in reporter gene assays. Toxicol Sci 116(1):58-66. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfq120.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 10, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: cyano ( 4-fluoro-3-phenoxyphenyl ) methyl 3- ( 2 , 2-dichloroethenyl ) -2 , 2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Du G, Shen O, Sun H, Fei J, Lu C, Song L, Xia Y, Wang S, Wang X. 2010. Assessing hormone receptor activities of pyrethroid insecticides and their metabolites in reporter gene assays. Toxicol Sci 116(1):58-66. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfq120.
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: cyano ( 3-phenoxyphenyl ) methyl ( 1R , 3R ) -rel-3-[ ( 1Z ) -2-chloro-3 , 3 , 3-trifluoro-1-propen-1-yl]-2 , 2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Du G, Shen O, Sun H, Fei J, Lu C, Song L, Xia Y, Wang S, Wang X. 2010. Assessing hormone receptor activities of pyrethroid insecticides and their metabolites in reporter gene assays. Toxicol Sci 116(1):58-66. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfq120.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 10, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: cyano ( 3-phenoxyphenyl ) methyl 3- ( 2 , 2-dichloroethenyl ) -2 , 2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Du G, Shen O, Sun H, Fei J, Lu C, Song L, Xia Y, Wang S, Wang X. 2010. Assessing hormone receptor activities of pyrethroid insecticides and their metabolites in reporter gene assays. Toxicol Sci 116(1):58-66. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfq120.
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
Kugathas S, Audouze K, Ermler S, Orton F, Rosivatz E, Scholze M, Kortenkamp A. 2015 (in press). Effects of common pesticides on prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) inhibition in SC5 mouse Sertoli cells, evidence of binding at the COX2 active site, and implications for endocrine disruption. Environ Health Perspect. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409544.
Moore A, Waring CP. 2001. The effects of a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide on some aspects of reproduction in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Aquatic Toxicology 52(1):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/S0166-445X(00)00133-8.
Varshneya C, Singh T, Sharma LD, Bahga HS, Garg SK. 1992. Immunotoxic responses of cypermethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide in rats. Indian Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 36(2):123-126. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA, OPPTS. 2006 Jun 14 (revised 01/14/08). Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Cypermethrin. EPA OPP-2005-0293. (p. 17) Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machera K. 1995. Developmental toxicity of cyproconazole, an inhibitor of fungal ergosterol biosynthesis, in the rat. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 54(3):363-369. DOI: 10.1007/BF00195106.
Trösken ER, Scholz K, Lutz RW, Völkel W, Zarn JA, Lutz WK. 2004. Comparative assessment of the inhibition of recombinant human CYP19 (aromatase) by azoles used in agriculture and as drugs for humans. Endocr Res 30(3):387-394. DOI: 10.1081/ERC-200035093.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fang CC, Chen FY, Chen CR, Liu CC, Wong LC, Liu YW, Su JG. 2013. Cyprodinil as an activator of aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Toxicology 304:32-40. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2012.11.018.
Kugathas S, Audouze K, Ermler S, Orton F, Rosivatz E, Scholze M, Kortenkamp A. 2015 (in press). Effects of common pesticides on prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) inhibition in SC5 mouse Sertoli cells, evidence of binding at the COX2 active site, and implications for endocrine disruption. Environ Health Perspect. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409544.
Orton F, Rosivatz E, Scholze M, Kortenkamp A. 2011. Widely used pesticides with previously unknown endocrine activity revealed as in vitro antiandrogens. Environ Health Perspect 119(6):794-800. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002895.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: October 7, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: cytarabine
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gray LE Jr., Kavlok RJ, Ostby J, Ferrell J, Rogers J, Gray K. 1986. An evaluation of figure-eight maze activity and general behavioral development following prenatal exposure to forty chemicals: effects of cytosine arabinoside, dinocap, nitrofen, and vitamin A. Neurotoxicology 7(2):449-462. Link.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kuiper GGJM, Lemmen JG, Carlsson B, Corton JC, Safe SH, van der Saag PT, van der Burg P, Gustafsson JA. 1998. Interaction of estrogenic chemicals and phytoestrogens with estrogen receptor beta. Endocrinology 139(10):4252-4263. DOI: 10.1210/endo.139.10.6216.
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
Ohlsson A, Ulleras E, Cedergreen N, Oskarsson A. 2010. Mixture effects of dietary flavonoids on steroid hormone synthesis in the human adrenocortical H295R cell line. Food Chem Toxicol 48(11):3194-3200. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.08.021.
Scippo ML, Argiris C, Van De Weerdt C, Muller M, Willemsen P, Martial J, Maghuin-Rogister G. 2004. Recombinant human estrogen, androgen and progesterone receptors for detection of potential endocrine disruptors. Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry 378(3):664-669. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-003-2251-0.
USE REFERENCES
Ohlsson A, Ulleras E, Cedergreen N, Oskarsson A. 2010. Mixture effects of dietary flavonoids on steroid hormone synthesis in the human adrenocortical H295R cell line. Food Chem Toxicol 48(11):3194-3200. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.08.021
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Andersen HR, Vinggaard AM, Rasmussen TH, Gjermandsen IM, Bonefeld-Jorgensen EC. 2002. Effects of currently used pesticides in assays for estrogenicity, androgenicity, and aromatase activity in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 179(1):1-12. DOI: 10.1006/taap.2001.9347.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: March 25, 2015 DATE UPDATED: March 25, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 3- ( 2 , 2-dichlorovinyl ) -2 , 2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Du G, Shen O, Sun H, Fei J, Lu C, Song L, Xia Y, Wang S, Wang X. 2010. Assessing hormone receptor activities of pyrethroid insecticides and their metabolites in reporter gene assays. Toxicol Sci 116(1):58-66. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfq120.
USE REFERENCES
CDC. 2012. Biomonitoring Summary-Cyfluthrin, Cypermethrin, Permethrin Link
Du G, Shen O, Sun H, Fei J, Lu C, Song L, Xia Y, Wang S, Wang X. 2010. Assessing hormone receptor activities of pyrethroid insecticides and their metabolites in reporter gene assays. Toxicol Sci 116(1):58-66. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfq120
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: dacthal, chlorthal-dimethyl, dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate, 2 , 3 , 5 , 6-tetrachloro-1 , 4-benzenedicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester. [For DCPA ( Japan ) , see propanil]
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hurley PM, Hill RN, Whiting RJ. 1998. Mode of carcinogenic action of pesticides inducing thyroid follicular cell tumors in rodents [review]. Environ Health Perspect 106(8):437-445. DOI: 10.2307/3434175 .
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PBDE-209
CATEGORIES OF USE: Flame retardant, Household product ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Sonneveld E, Murk AJ, Kester MH, Andersson PL, Legler J, Brouwer A. 2006. In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants. Toxicol Sci 92(1):157-173. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj187.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PCB-209
CATEGORY OF USE: Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
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CDPH. 1988. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Fact Sheet. Link
UNEP. 1999. Guidlines for the Identification of PCBs and Materials Containing PCBs. Link
US EPA. 2012. Aroclor and other PCB mixtures. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: D5
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Burns-Naas LA, Mast RW, Klykken PC, McCay JA, White KL, Jr., Mann PC, Naas DJ. 1998. Toxicology and humoral immunity assessment of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) following a 1-month whole body inhalation exposure in Fischer 344 rats. Toxicol Sci 43(1):28-38. DOI: 10.1006/toxs.1998.2442.
Burns-Naas LA, Mast RW, Meeks RG, Mann PC, Thevenaz P. 1998. Inhalation toxicology of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) following a 3-month nose-only exposure in Fischer 344 rats. Toxicol Sci 43(2):230-240. DOI: 10.1006/toxs.1998.2441.
Siddiqui WH, Stump DG, Reynolds VL, Plotzke KP, Holson JF, Meeks RG. 2007. A two-generation reproductive toxicity study of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) in rats exposed by whole-body vapor inhalation. Reprod Toxicol 23(2):216-225. DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2006.11.006.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: July 31, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 1, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: capric acid
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Goodfriend TL, Lee WM, Ball DL, Elliott ME. 1995. Specificity and mechanism of fatty acid inhibition of aldosterone secretion. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 52(2-3):145-149. DOI: 10.1016/0952-3278(95)90013-6.
USE REFERENCES
The Endocrine Disruption Exchange. 2011. Multistate Report Spreadsheet. Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: delta-HCH, delta-benzene hexachloride, delta-BHC
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Danzo BJ. 1997. Environmental xenobiotics may disrupt normal endocrine function by interfering with the binding of physiological ligands to steroid receptors and binding proteins. Environ Health Perspect 105(3):294-301. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.97105294.
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 23, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: ( S ) -cyano ( 3-phenoxyphenyl ) methyl ( 1R , 3R ) -3- ( 2 , 2-dibromoethenyl ) -2 , 2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Andrade AJ, Araujo S, Santana GM, Ohi M, Dalsenter PR. 2002. Reproductive effects of deltamethrin on male offspring of rats exposed during pregnancy and lactation. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 36(3):310-317. DOI: 10.1006/rtph.2002.1586.
Cabral JR, Galendo D, Laval M, Lyandrat N. 1990. Carcinogenicity studies with deltamethrin in mice and rats. Cancer Lett 49(2):147-152. DOI: 10.1016/0304-3835(90)90151-M.
Du G, Shen O, Sun H, Fei J, Lu C, Song L, Xia Y, Wang S, Wang X. 2010. Assessing hormone receptor activities of pyrethroid insecticides and their metabolites in reporter gene assays. Toxicol Sci 116(1):58-66. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfq120.
Madsen C, Claesson MH, Ropke C. 1996. Immunotoxicity of the pyrethroid insecticides deltametrin and a-cypermetrin. Toxicology 107(3):219-227. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(95)03244-A.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: DCDM, demethylchlordimeform
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Costa LG, Olibet G, Murphy SD. 1988. Alpha2-adrenoceptors as a target for formamidine pesticides: In vitro and in vivo studies in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 93(2):319-328. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(88)90132-9.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: DiBP
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Boberg J, Metzdorff S, Wortziger R, Axelstad M, Brokken L, Vinggaard AM, Dalgaard M, Nellemann C. 2008. Impact of diisobutyl phthalate and other PPAR agonists on steroidogenesis and plasma insulin and leptin levels in fetal rats. Toxicology 250(2-3):75-81. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2008.05.020.
Borch J, Axelstad M, Vinggaard AM, Dalgaard M. 2006. Diisobutyl phthalate has comparable anti-androgenic effects to di-n-butyl phthalate in fetal rat testis. Toxicol Lett 163(3):183-190. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.10.020.
Hannas BR, Lambright CS, Furr J, Howdeshell KL, Wilson VS, Gray LE Jr. 2011. Dose-response assessment of fetal testosterone production and gene expression levels in rat testes following in utero exposure to diethylhexyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, diisoheptyl phthalate and diisononyl phthalate. Toxicol Sci 123(1):206-216. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfr146.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: July 15, 2011 DATE UPDATED: July 15, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: DiDP
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Ghisari M, Bonefeld-Jorgensen EC. 2009. Effects of plasticizers and their mixtures on estrogen receptor and thyroid hormone functions. Toxicol Lett 189(1):67-77. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.05.004.
Harris R, Turan N, Kirk C, Ramsden D, Waring R. 2007. Effects of endocrine disruptors on dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase and enzymes involved in PAPS synthesis: genomic and nongenomic pathways. Environ Health Perspect 115 (Suppl 1):51-54. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9365.
Turan N, Waring RH, Ramsden DB. 2005. The effect of plasticisers on "sulphate supply" enzymes. Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology 244(1-2):15-19. DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2005.01.016.
Wenzel A, Franz C, Breous E, Loos U. 2005. Modulation of iodide uptake by dialkyl phthalate plasticisers in FRTL-5 rat thyroid follicular cells. Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology 244(1-2):63-71. DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2005.02.008.
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National Pesticide Information Retrieval System. Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: July 15, 2011 DATE UPDATED: July 15, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: DiHP
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hannas BR, Lambright CS, Furr J, Howdeshell KL, Wilson VS, Gray LE Jr. 2011. Dose-response assessment of fetal testosterone production and gene expression levels in rat testes following in utero exposure to diethylhexyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, diisoheptyl phthalate and diisononyl phthalate. Toxicol Sci 123(1):206-216. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfr146.
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McKee RH, Pavkov KL, Trimmer GW, Keller LH, Stump DG. 2006. An assessment of the potential developmental and reproductive toxicity of di-isoheptyl phthalate in rodents. Reprod Toxicol 21(3):241-252. DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2005.09.002
DATE ADDED: July 15, 2011 DATE UPDATED: July 15, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: DiNP
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Boberg J, Christiansen S, Axelstad M, Kledal TS, Vinggaard AM, Dalgaard M, Nellemann C, Hass U. 2011. Reproductive and behavioral effects of diisononyl phthalate (DINP) in perinatally exposed rats. Reprod Toxicol 31(2):200-209. DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2010.11.001.
DeKeyser JG, Laurenzana EM, Peterson EC, Chen T, Omiecinski CJ. 2011. Selective phthalate activation of naturally occurring human constitutive androstane receptor splice variants and the pregnane x receptor. Toxicol Sci 120(2):381-391. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfq394.
Gray LE Jr., Ostby J, Furr J, Price M, Veeramachaneni DNR, Parks L. 2000. Perinatal exposure to the phthalates DEHP, BBP, and DINP, but not DEP, DMP, or DOTP, alters sexual differentiation of the male rat. Toxicol Sci 58(2):350-365. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/58.2.350.
Hannas BR, Lambright CS, Furr J, Howdeshell KL, Wilson VS, Gray LE Jr. 2011. Dose-response assessment of fetal testosterone production and gene expression levels in rat testes following in utero exposure to diethylhexyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, diisoheptyl phthalate and diisononyl phthalate. Toxicol Sci 123(1):206-216. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfr146.
Kwack SJ, Kim KB, Kim HS, Lee BM. 2009. Comparative toxicological evaluation of phthalate diesters and metabolites in Sprague-Dawley male rats for risk assessment. J Toxicol Environ Health A 72(21-22):1446-1454. DOI: 10.1080/15287390903212923.
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National Pesticide Information Retrieval System. Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: July 15, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 23, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: DEHA, di- ( 2-ethylhexyl ) adipate, bis ( 2-ethylhexyl ) adipate, bis ( 2-ethylhexyl ) hexanedioate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Jobling S, Reynolds T, White R, Parker MG, Sumpter JP. 1995. A variety of environmentally persistent chemicals, including some phthalate plasticizers, are weakly estrogenic. Environ Health Perspect 103(6):582-587. DOI: 10.2307/3432434 .
Singh AR, Lawrence WH, Autian J. 1975. Dominant lethal mutations and antifertility effects of di-2-ethylhexyl adipate and diethyl adipate in male mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 32(3):566-576. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(75)90121-0.
USE REFERENCES
National Pesticide Information Retrieval System. Link
Orem WH, Tatu CA, Lerch HE, Rice CA, Bartos TT, Bates AL, Tewalt S, Corum MD. 2007. Organic compounds in produced waters from coalbed natural gas wells in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming, USA. Appl Geochem 22(10):2240-2256. DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.04.010
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: DEHP, bis ( 2-ethylhexyl ) phthalate, phthalic acid di- ( 2-ethyl-hexyl ) ester, di-sec-octyl phthalate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gray LE Jr., Wolf C, Lambright C, Mann P, Price M, Cooper RL, Ostby J. 1999. Administration of potentially antiandrogenic pesticides (procymidone, linuron, iprodione, chlozolinate, p,p'-DDE, and ketoconazole) and toxic substances (dibutyl- and diethylhexyl phthalate, PCB 169, and ethane dimethane sulphonate) during sexual differentiation produces diverse profiles of reproductive malformations in the male rat. Toxicol Ind Health 15(1-2):94-118. DOI: 10.1177/074823379901500109.
Ishihara A, Sawatsubashi S, Yamauchi K. 2003. Endocrine disrupting chemicals: interference of thyroid hormone binding to transthyretins and to thyroid hormone receptors. Mol Cell Endocrinol 199(1-2):105-117. DOI: 10.1016/S0303-7207(02)00302-7.
Lampen A, Zimnik S, Nau H. 2003. Teratogenic phthalate esters and metabolites activate the nuclear receptors PPARs and induce differentiation of F9 cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 188(1):14-23. DOI: 10.1016/S0041-008X(03)00014-0.
Lu KY, Tseng FW, Wu CJ, Liu PS. 2004. Suppression by phthalates of the calcium signaling of human nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Toxicology 200(2-3):113-121. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2004.03.018.
Poon R, Lecavalier P, Mueller R, Valli VE, Procter BG, Chu I. 1997. Subchronic oral toxicity of di-n-octyl phthalate and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in the rat. Food & Chemical Toxicology 35(2):225-239. DOI: 10.1016/S0278-6915(96)00064-6.
USE REFERENCES
Drollette BD, Hoelzer K, Warner NR, Darrah TH, Karatum O, O'Connor MP, Nelson RK, Fernandez LA, Reddy CM, Vengosh A, et al. 2015. Elevated levels of diesel range organic compounds in groundwater near Marcellus gas operations are derived from surface activities. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112(43):13184-13189. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1511474112
Maguire-Boyle SJ, Barron AR. 2014. Organic compounds in produced waters from shale gas wells. Environ Sci Process Impacts 16(10):2237-2248. DOI: 10.1039/C4EM00376D
National Pesticide Information Retrieval System. Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: July 15, 2011 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Aarab N, Lemaire-Gony S, Unruh E, Hansen PD, Larsen BK, Andersen OK, Narbonne JR. 2006. Preliminary study of responses in mussel (Mytilus edilus) exposed to bisphenol A, diallyl phthalate and tetrabromodiphenyl ether. Aquatic Toxicology 78 Suppl 1:S86-S92. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.02.021.
Kim YJ, Ryu JC. 2006. Evaluation of estrogenic effects of phthalate analogues using in vitro and in vivo screening assays. Molecular and Cellular Toxicology 2(2):106-113. Link.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: C.I. direct blue 15
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gray LE, Jr., Ostby JS. 1993. The effects of prenatal administration of azo dyes on testicular development in the mouse: a structure activity profile of dyes derived from benzidine, dimethylbenzidine, or dimethoxybenzidine. Fundam Appl Toxicol 20(2):177-183. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/20.2.177.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Abdel-Aziz MI, Sahlab AM, Abdel-Khalik M. 1994. Influence of diazinon and deltamethrin on reproductive organs and fertility of male rats. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr 101(6):230-232. Link.
Goldner WS, Sandler DP, Yu F, Shostrom V, Hoppin JA, Kamel F, LeVan TD. Hypothyroidism and pesticide use among male private pesticide applicators in the agricultural health study. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine/American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2013 Oct;55(10):1171. DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31829b290b.
Matin MA, Sattar S, Husain K. 1990. The role of adrenals in diazinon-induced changes in carbohydrate metabolism in rats. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 41(4):347-356. Link.
Spyker JM, Avery DL. 1977. Neurobehavioral effects of prenatal exposure to the organophosphate of diazinon in mice. J Toxicol Environ Health 3(5-6):989-1002. DOI: 10.1080/15287397709529633.
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Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. 2004. Diazinon Interim Reregistration Eligibility Decision. EPA 738-R-04-006. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Benisek M, Blaha L, Hilscherova K. 2008. Interference of PAHs and their N-heterocyclic analogs with signaling of retinoids in vitro. Toxicol in Vitro 22(8):1909-1917. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.09.009.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 12, 2015 DATE UPDATED: August 12, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Benisek M, Blaha L, Hilscherova K. 2008. Interference of PAHs and their N-heterocyclic analogs with signaling of retinoids in vitro. Toxicol in Vitro 22(8):1909-1917. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.09.009.
USE REFERENCES
Benisek M, Blaha L, Hilscherova K. 2008. Interference of PAHs and their N-heterocyclic analogs with signaling of retinoids in vitro. Toxicol in Vitro 22(8):1909-1917. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.09.009
DATE ADDED: August 12, 2015 DATE UPDATED: August 12, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Tran DQ, Ide CF, McLachlan JA, Arnold SF. 1996. The anti-estrogenic activity of selected polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in yeast expressing human estrogen receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 229(1):102-108. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1764.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: benzotriphenylene
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
USE REFERENCES
Sloss L. 2001. Organic compounds from coal utilisation. IEA Coal Research. Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: dibenz[a , e]aceanthrylene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
USE REFERENCES
Risktox Link
Santa Cruz Biotechnology. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: naphtho[1 , 2 , 3 , 4-def]chrysene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: dibenz[a , h]anthracene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
Vinggaard AM, Hnida C, Larsen JC. 2000. Environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons affect androgen receptor activation in vitro. Toxicology 145(2-3):173-183. DOI: 10.1016/S0300-483X(00)00143-8.
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ATSDR. 1995. Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Link
Colborn T, Schultz K, Herrick L, Kwiatkowski C. 2014. An Exploratory Study of Air Quality near Natural Gas Operations. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 20(1):86-105.
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: dibenzo[b , def]chrysene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: benzo[r , s , t]pentaphene, dibenzo[b , h]pyrene
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1995. Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: naphth ( 2 , 3-a ) aceanthrylene
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1995. Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: dibenzo[a , d]pyrene, dibenzo[d , e , f , p]chrysene
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Machala M, Vondracek J, Blaha L, Ciganek M, Neca JV. 2001. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro reporter gene assay. Mutat Res 497(1-2):49-62. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00240-6.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 7, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Brinkmann M, Maletz S, Krauss M, Bluhm K, Schiwy S, Kuckelkorn J, Tiehm A, Brack W, Hollert H. 2014. Heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons show estrogenic activity upon metabolization in a recombinant transactivation assay. Environ Sci Technol 48(10):5892-5901. DOI: 10.1021/es405731j.
Incardona JP, Collier TK, Scholz NL. 2004. Defects in cardiac function precede morphological abnormalities in fish embryos exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 196(2):191-205. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2003.11.026.
Petersen K, Tollefsen KE. 2011. Assessing combined toxicity of estrogen receptor agonists in a primary culture of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hepatocytes. Aquat Toxicol 101(1):186-195. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.09.018.
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US FDA. 1990 Nov 7. Clean-Up of Ineffective Ingredients in OTC Drug Products. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Zielinska B, Campbell D, Samburova V. 2014. Impact of emissions from natural gas production facilities on ambient air quality in the Barnett Shale area: a pilot study. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 64(12):1369-1383. DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2014.954735
DATE ADDED: June 1, 2015 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: DBAA
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Linder RE, Klinefelter GR, Strader LF, Veeramachaneni DNR, Roberts NL, Suarez JD. 1997. Histopathologic changes in the testes of rats exposed to dibromoacetic acid. Reprod Toxicol 11(1):47-56. DOI: 10.1016/S0890-6238(96)00196-7.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Metal/Metallurgy, Pesticide ingredient, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Poon R, Chu I, LeBel G, Yagminas A, Valli VE. 2003. Effects of dibromoacetonitrile on rats following 13-week drinking water exposure. Food Chem Toxicol 41(8):1051-1061. DOI: 10.1016/S0278-6915(03)00042-5.
USE REFERENCES
Chemical and Product Categories (CPCAT) Link
The Endocrine Disruption Exchange. 2011. Multistate Report Spreadsheet. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: DBCP, 1 , 2-dibromo-3-chloropropane
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Omura M, Hirata M, Zhao M, Tanaka A, Inoue N. 1995. Comparative testicular toxicities of two isomers of dichloropropanol, 2,3-dichloro-1-propanol, and 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol, and their metabolites alpha-chlorohydrin and epichlorohydrin, and the potent testicular toxicant 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 55(1):1-7. DOI: 10.1007/BF00212381.
Whorton D, Milby TH, Krauss RM, Stubbs HA. 1979. Testicular function in DBCP exposed pesticide workers. J Occup Med 21(3):161-166. Link.
USE REFERENCES
ATSDR. 1992. Toxicological Profile for 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane. Link
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W, Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chem Res Toxicol 16(10):1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: DBP, di-n-butyl phthalate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Davis WP. 1988. Reproductive and developmental responses in the self-fertilizing fish, Rivulus marmoratus, induced by the plasticizer, di-n-butylphthalate. Environmental Biology of Fishes 21(2):81-90. DOI: 10.1007/BF00004844.
Fan WQ, Yanase T, Morinaga H, Gondo S, Okabe T, Nomura M, Komatsu T, Morohashi K-I, Hayes TB, Takayanagi R, Nawata H. 2007. Atrazine-induced aromatase expression is SF-1 dependent: implications for endocrine disruption in wildlife and reproductive cancers in humans. Environ Health Perspect 115(5):720-727. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9758.
Kanayama T, Kobayashi N, Mamiya S, Nakanishi T, Nishikawa J. 2005. Organotin compounds promote adipocyte differentiation as agonists of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor [gamma]/retinoid X receptor pathway. Mol Pharmacol 67(3):766-774. DOI: 10.1124/mol.104.008409 .
Lu KY, Tseng FW, Wu CJ, Liu PS. 2004. Suppression by phthalates of the calcium signaling of human nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Toxicology 200(2-3):113-121. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2004.03.018.
Ryu JY, Lee BM, Kacew S, Kim HS. 2007. Identification of differentially expressed genes in the testis of Sprague-Dawley rats treated with di(n-butyl) phthalate. Toxicology 234(1-2):103-112. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2007.02.003.
USE REFERENCES
Orem WH, Tatu CA, Lerch HE, Rice CA, Bartos TT, Bates AL, Tewalt S, Corum MD. 2007. Organic compounds in produced waters from coalbed natural gas wells in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming, USA. Appl Geochem 22(10):2240-2256. DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.04.010
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: DBT, di-n-butyltin
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Atanasov AG, Nashev LG, Tan S, Baker ME, Odermatt A. 2005. Organotins disrupt the 11[beta]-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2-dependent local inactivation of glucocorticoids. Environ Health Perspect 113(11):1600-1606. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.8209.
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Atanasov AG, Nashev LG, Tan S, Baker ME, Odermatt A. 2005. Organotins disrupt the 11[beta]-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2-dependent local inactivation of glucocorticoids. Environ Health Perspect 113(11):1600-1606. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.8209
DATE ADDED: June 16, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 10, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: DBT dichloride, di-n-butyltin dichloride
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nakagomi M, Suzuki E, Usumi K, Saitoh Y, Yoshimura S, Nagao T, Ono H. 2001. Effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals on the microtubule network in Chinese hamster V79 cells in culture and in Sertoli cells in rats. Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis & Mutagenesis 21(6):453-462. DOI: 10.1002/tcm.1032.
Snoeij NJ, Penninks AH, Seinen W. 1988. Dibutyltin and tributyltin compounds induce thymus atrophy in rats due to a selective action on thymic lymphoblasts. Int J Immunopharmacol 10(7):891-899. DOI: 10.1016/0192-0561(88)90014-8.
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US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: June 16, 2011 DATE UPDATED: June 16, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: dibutyl tin dilaurate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Alam, M.S., Husain, R., Srivastava, S.P. and Seth, P.K., 1988. Influence of di-butyltin dilaurate on brain neurotransmitter systems and behavior in rats. Archives of toxicology, 61(5), pp.373-377. DOI: 10.1007/BF00334618.
Milton, F.A., Lacerda, M.G., Sinoti, S.B., Mesquita, P.G., Prakasan, D., Coelho, M.S., de Lima, C.L., Martini, A.G., Pazzine, G.T., Borin, M.D.F. and Amato, A.A., 2017. Dibutyltin compounds effects on PPARγ/RXRα activity, adipogenesis, and inflammation in mammalians cells. Frontiers in pharmacology, 8, p.507. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00507.
USE REFERENCES
Groh, K.J., Backhaus, T., Carney-Almroth, B., Geueke, B., Inostroza, P.A., Lennquist, A., Maffini, M., Leslie, H.A., Slunge, D., Trasande, L. and Warhurst, M., 2018. Chemicals associated with plastic packaging: Inventory and hazards. PeerJ Preprints, 6, p.e27036v1. DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.27036v1
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: September 26, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 3 , 6-dichloro-o-anisic acid, 3 , 6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Goldner WS, Sandler DP, Yu F, Shostrom V, Hoppin JA, Kamel F, LeVan TD. Hypothyroidism and pesticide use among male private pesticide applicators in the agricultural health study. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine/American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2013 Oct;55(10):1171. DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31829b290b.
Greenlee AR, Ellis TM, Berg RL. 2004. Low-dose agrochemicals and lawn-care pesticides induce developmental toxicity in murine preimplantation embryos. Environ Health Perspect 112(6):703-709. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.6774.
Zhu L, Li W, Zha J, Wang Z. 2014. Dicamba affects sex steroid hormone level and mRNA expression of related genes in adult rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) at environmentally relevant concentrations. Environ Toxicol 30(6):693-703. DOI: 10.1002/tox.21947.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: October 28, 2014 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bellas J. 2006. Comparative toxicity of alternative antifouling biocides on embryos and larvae of marine invertebrates. Sci Total Environ 367(2-3):573-585. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.01.028.
Meulenberg EP. 2002. A new test to identify endocrine disruptors using sex hormone-binding globulins from human serum. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 104(2):131-136. DOI: 10.1002/1438-9312(200202)104:2<131::AID-EJLT131>3.0.CO;2-0.
USE REFERENCES
Bellas J. 2006. Comparative toxicity of alternative antifouling biocides on embryos and larvae of marine invertebrates. Sci Total Environ 367(2-3):573-585. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.01.028
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2 , 3-dichloro-1 , 4-napthoquinone
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Anderson RJ, Prahlad KV. 1976. The deleterious effects of fungicides and herbicides on Xenopus laevis embryos. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 4(3):312-323. DOI: 10.1007/BF02221030.
Morisseau C, Merzlikin O, Lin A, He G, Feng W, Padilla I, Denison MS, Pessah IN, Hammock BD. 2009. Toxicology in the fast lane: application of high-throughput bioassays to detect modulation of key enzymes and receptors. Environ Health Perspect 117(12):1867-1872. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.0900834.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cosby NC, Dukelow WR. 1992. Toxicology of maternally ingested trichloroethylene (TCE) on embryonal and fetal development in mice and of TCE metabolites on in vitro fertilization. Fundam Appl Toxicol 19(2):268-274. DOI: 10.1016/0272-0590(92)90160-J.
Linder RE, Klinefelter GR, Strader LF, Suarez JD, Roberts NL. 1997. Spermatotoxicity of dichloroacetic acid. Reprod Toxicol 11(5):681-688. DOI: 10.1016/S0890-6238(97)00031-2.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: methylene dichloride, methylene chloride, methylene bichloride
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metal/Metallurgy, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fuxe K, Andersson K, Hansson T, Agnati LF, Eneroth P, Gustafsson JA. 1984. Central catecholamine neurons and exposure to dichloromethane. Selective changes in amine levels and turnover in tel- and diencephalic DA and NA nerve terminal systems and in the secretion of anterior pituitary hormones in the male rat. Toxicology 29(4):293-305. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(84)90161-6.
Moser VC, Cheek BM, MacPhail RC. 1995. A multidisciplinary approach to toxicological screening. III. Neurobehavioral toxicity. J Toxicol Environ Health 45(2):173-210. DOI: 10.1080/15287399509531988.
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Colborn T, Schultz K, Herrick L, Kwiatkowski C. 2014. An Exploratory Study of Air Quality near Natural Gas Operations. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 20(1):86-105. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2012.749447
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
Getzinger GJ, O'Connor MP, Hoelzer K, Drollette BD, Karatum O, Deshusses MA, Ferguson PL, Elsner M, Plata DL. 2015. Natural Gas Residual Fluids: Sources, Endpoints, and Organic Chemical Composition after Centralized Waste Treatment in Pennsylvania. Environ Sci Technol 49(14):8347-8355. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b00471
Hildenbrand ZL, Carlton DD, Fontenot B, Meik JM, Walton J, Taylor J, Thacker J, Korlie S, Shelor CP, Henderson D, et al. 2015. A Comprehensive Analysis of Groundwater Quality in The Barnett Shale Region. Environ Sci Technol 49(13):8254-8262. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01526
Rich A, Grover JP, Sattler ML. 2014. An exploratory study of air emissions associated with shale gas development and production in the Barnett Shale. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 64(1):61-72. DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2013.832713
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 4, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: dichlorophene, 2 , 2'-methylenebis ( 4-chlorophenol )
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
USE REFERENCES
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 23, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 2- ( 2 , 4-dichlorophenoxy ) propionic acid
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: DDVP, ( dichlorfos, dichlorphos, dichlorofos, dichlorophos, dichlorovos: misspellings )
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Casale GP, Vennerstrom JL, Bavari S, Wang T. 1993. Inhibition of interleukin 2 driven proliferation of mouse CTLL2 cells, by selected carbamate and organophosphate insecticides and congeners of carbaryl. Immunopharmacology & Immunotoxicology 15(2 & 3):199-215. DOI: 10.3109/08923979309025994.
Timmons EH, Chaklos RJ, Bannister TM, Kaplan HM. 1975. Dichlorvos effects on estrous cycle onset in the rat. Lab Anim Sci 25(1):45-47. DOI: 10.1016/0093-691X(75)90152-1.
Wyrobek AJ, Bruce WR. 1975. Chemical induction of sperm abnormalities in mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 72(11):4425-4429. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA, OPPTS. 2006 Jul 31. Reregistration Eligibility Decision for dichlorvos (DDVP). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Sanderson JT, Boerma J, Lansbergen GW, van den Berg M. 2002. Induction and inhibition of aromatase (CYP19) activity by various classes of pesticides in H295R human adrenocortical carcinoma cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 182(1):44-54. DOI: 10.1006/taap.2002.9420.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Petit F, Le Goff P, Cravedi JP, Valotaire Y, Pakdel F. 1997. Two complementary bioassays for screening the estrogenic potency of xenobiotics: recombinant yeast for trout estrogen receptor and trout hepatocyte cultures. J Mol Endocrinol 19(3):321-335. DOI: 10.1677/jme.0.0190321.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: kelthane, 1 , 1 , 1-trichloro-2 , 2-bis ( chlorophenyl ) ethanol
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Ishihara A, Sawatsubashi S, Yamauchi K. 2003. Endocrine disrupting chemicals: interference of thyroid hormone binding to transthyretins and to thyroid hormone receptors. Mol Cell Endocrinol 199(1-2):105-117. DOI: 10.1016/S0303-7207(02)00302-7.
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
Okubo T, Yokoyama Y, Kano K, Soya Y, Kano I. 2004. Estimation of estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities of selected pesticides by MCF-7 cell proliferation assay. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 46(4):445-453. DOI: 10.1007/s00244-003-3017-6.
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
Vinggaard AM, Hnida C, Breinholt V, Larsen JC. 2000. Screening of selected pesticides for inhibition of CYP19 aromatase activity in vitro. Toxicol in Vitro 14(3):227-234. DOI: 10.1016/S0887-2333(00)00018-7.
Vonier PM, Crain DA, McLachlan JA, Guillette LJ Jr., Arnold SF. 1996. Interaction of environmental chemicals with the estrogen and progesterone receptors from the oviduct of the American alligator. Environ Health Perspect 104(12):1318-1322. DOI: 10.2307/3432968 .
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: DCHP
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fan WQ, Yanase T, Morinaga H, Gondo S, Okabe T, Nomura M, Komatsu T, Morohashi K-I, Hayes TB, Takayanagi R, Nawata H. 2007. Atrazine-induced aromatase expression is SF-1 dependent: implications for endocrine disruption in wildlife and reproductive cancers in humans. Environ Health Perspect 115(5):720-727. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9758.
Ishido M, Masuo Y, Sayato-Suzuki J, Oka S, Niki E, Morita M. 2004. Dicyclohexylphthalate causes hyperactivity in the rat concomitantly with impairment of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity. J Neurochem 91(1):69-76. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02696.x.
Okubo T, Suzuki T, Yokoyama Y, Kano K, Kano I. 2003. Estimation of estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities of some phthalate diesters and monoesters by MCF-7 cell proliferation assay in vitro. Biol Pharm Bull 26(8):1219-1224. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.26.1219.
Sargis RM, Johnson DN, Choudhury RA, Brady MJ. 2010. Environmental endocrine disruptors promote adipogenesis in the 3T3-L1 cell line through glucocorticoid receptor activation. Obesity (Silver Spring) 18(7):1283-1288. DOI: 10.1038/oby.2009.419.
Yamasaki K, Okuda H, Takeuchi T, Minobe Y. 2009. Effects of in utero through lactational exposure to dicyclohexyl phthalate and p,p'-DDE in Sprague-Dawley rats. Toxicol Lett 189(1):14-20. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.04.023.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: July 15, 2011 DATE UPDATED: July 15, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Johnston BD, Seubert JM, Kennedy CJ. 1998. Biochemical effects of didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) exposure and osmoregulatory stress on juvenile coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 34(3):275-279. DOI: 10.1007/s002449900318.
Wood AW, Johnston BD, Farrell AP, Kennedy CJ. 1996. Effects of didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) on the swimming performance, gill morphology, disease resistance, and biochemistry of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Can J Fish Aquat Sci 53(11):2424-2432. DOI: 10.1139/f96-201.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Waxman HA, Markey EJ, and DeGette D. 2011. Chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. United States House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce Minority Staff. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Abalis IM, Eldefrawi ME, Eldefrawi AT. 1985. High-affinity stereospecific binding of cyclodiene insecticides and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane to gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors of rat brain. Pesticide Biochemistry & Physiology 24(1):95-102. DOI: 10.1016/0048-3575(85)90118-X.
Danzo BJ. 1997. Environmental xenobiotics may disrupt normal endocrine function by interfering with the binding of physiological ligands to steroid receptors and binding proteins. Environ Health Perspect 105(3):294-301. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.97105294.
Grunfeld HT, Bonefeld-Jorgensen EC. 2004. Effect of in vitro estrogenic pesticides on human oestrogen receptor alpha and beta mRNA levels. Toxicol Lett 151(3):467-480. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.03.021.
Haake J, Kelley M, Keys B, Safe S. 1987. The effects of organochlorine pesticides as inducers of testosterone and benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylases. Gen Pharmacol 18(2):165-169. DOI: 10.1016/0306-3623(87)90244-8.
Soto AM, Chung KL, Sonnenschein C. 1994. The pesticides endosulfan, toxaphene and dieldrin have estrogenic properties in human estrogen-sensitive cells. Environ Health Perspect 102(4):380-383. Link.
Wassermann M, Wassermann D, Kedar E, Djavaherian M, Cucos S. 1972. Effects of dieldrin and gamma BHC on serum proteins and PBI. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 8(3):177-185. DOI: 10.1007/BF01684474.
USE REFERENCES
CDC. Link
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Seagrave JC, Mcdonald JD, Reed MD, Seilkop SK, Mauderly JL. 2005. Responses to subchronic inhalation of low concentrations of diesel exhaust and hardwood smoke measured in rat bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Inhal Toxicol 17(12):657-670. DOI: 10.1080/08958370500189529.
Watanabe N, Kurita M. 2001. The masculinization of the fetus during pregnancy due to inhalation of diesel exhaust. Environ Health Perspect 109(2):111-119. DOI: 10.2307/3434762.
USE REFERENCES
American Cancer Society. 2012 Jun 12. Diesel Exhaust. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Metal/Metallurgy, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kassotis CD, Klemp KC, Vu DC, Lin CH, Meng CX, Besch-Williford CL, Pinatti L, Zoeller RT, Drobnis EZ, Balise VD, et al. 2015 in press. Endocrine-disrupting activity of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and adverse health outcomes after prenatal exposure in male mice. Endocrinology:en20151375. DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1375.
Kassotis CD, Tillitt DE, Davis JW, Hormann AM, Nagel SC. 2014. Estrogen and androgen receptor activities of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and surface and ground water in a drilling-dense region. Endocrinology 155(3):897-907. DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1697.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 27, 2015 DATE UPDATED: November 2, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Takeuchi S, Iida M, Yabushita H, Matsuda T, Kojima H. 2008. In vitro screening for aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonistic activity in 200 pesticides using a highly sensitive reporter cell line, DR-EcoScreen cells, and in vivo mouse liver cytochrome P450-1A induction by propanil, diuron and linuron. Chemosphere 74(1):155-165. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.08.015.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: March 24, 2015 DATE UPDATED: March 24, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Singh AR, Lawrence WH, Autian J. 1975. Dominant lethal mutations and antifertility effects of di-2-ethylhexyl adipate and diethyl adipate in male mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 32(3):566-576. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(75)90121-0.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: DEP
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Harris CA, Henttu P, Parker MG, Sumpter JP. 1997. The estrogenic activity of phthalate esters in vitro. Environ Health Perspect 105(8):802-811. Link.
Lu KY, Tseng FW, Wu CJ, Liu PS. 2004. Suppression by phthalates of the calcium signaling of human nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Toxicology 200(2-3):113-121. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2004.03.018.
Pereira C, Mapuskar K, Rao CV. 2006. Chronic toxicity of diethyl phthalate in male Wistar rats - A dose-response study. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 45(2):169-177. DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2006.04.006.
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Orem WH, Tatu CA, Lerch HE, Rice CA, Bartos TT, Bates AL, Tewalt S, Corum MD. 2007. Organic compounds in produced waters from coalbed natural gas wells in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming, USA. Appl Geochem 22(10):2240-2256. DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.04.010
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. 2006. Inert Reassessments: One exemption from the requirement of a tolerance for diethyl phthalate (CAS Reg No. 84-66-2). Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US FDA. Everything Added to Food in the U.S. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: July 15, 2011 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Semak IV and Pikulev AT. 1994. The Functional State of the Xenobiotic Metabolising System in Rat Liver Following Chronic Administration of Diethylnitrosamine or its Precursors. Drug metabolism and drug interactions, 11, pp.237-237. DOI: 10.1515/DMDI.1994.11.3.237.
DATE ADDED: July 13, 2017 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2 , 2'-oxybisethanol, 1 , 5-dihydroxy-3-oxapentane, 2 , 2'-oxybisethanol, 2 , 2'-oxydiethanol, bis ( beta-hydroxyethyl ) ether
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Williams J, Reel JR, George JD, Lamb JC. 1990. Reproductive effects of diethylene glycol and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether in Swiss CD-1 mice assessed by a continuous breeding protocol. Fundam Appl Toxicol 14(3):622-635. DOI: 10.1016/0272-0590(90)90266-M.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Waxman HA, Markey EJ, and DeGette D. 2011. Chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. United States House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce Minority Staff. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, monobutyl diethylene glycol ether, 2- ( 2-Butoxyethoxy ) ethanol,
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Johnson KA, Baker PC, Kan HL, Maurissen JP, Spencer PJ, Marty MS. 2005. Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (DGBE): two- and thirteen-week oral toxicity studies in Fischer 344 rats. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 43(3):467-481. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2004.12.003.
Sitarek K, Gromadzinska J, Lutz P, Stetkiewicz J, Swiercz R, Wasowicz W. 2012. Fertility and developmental toxicity studies of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (DGBE) in rats. Intl J Occup Med Environ Health 2012, 25(4):404-417. DOI: 10.2478/S13382-012-0058-y.
USE REFERENCES
The Endocrine Disruption Exchange. 2011. Multistate Report Spreadsheet. Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: diethylene glycol methyl ether, methoxydiglycol, 2- ( 2-methoxyethoxy ) ethanol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kassotis CD, Klemp KC, Vu DC, Lin CH, Meng CX, Besch-Williford CL, Pinatti L, Zoeller RT, Drobnis EZ, Balise VD, et al. 2015 in press. Endocrine-disrupting activity of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and adverse health outcomes after prenatal exposure in male mice. Endocrinology:en20151375. DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1375.
Kassotis CD, Tillitt DE, Davis JW, Hormann AM, Nagel SC. 2014. Estrogen and androgen receptor activities of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and surface and ground water in a drilling-dense region. Endocrinology 155(3):897-907. DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1697.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 27, 2015 DATE UPDATED: November 2, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Sanderson JT, Boerma J, Lansbergen GW, van den Berg M. 2002. Induction and inhibition of aromatase (CYP19) activity by various classes of pesticides in H295R human adrenocortical carcinoma cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 182(1):44-54. DOI: 10.1006/taap.2002.9420.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hansen SR, Garton RR. 1982. Ability of standard toxicity test to predict the effects of the insecticide diflubenzuron on laboratory stream communities. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39(9):1273-1288. DOI: 10.1139/f82-169.
Lemaire G, Mnif W, Pascussi JM, Pillon A, Rabenoelina F, Fenet H, Gomez E, Casellas C, Nicolas JC, Cavailles V, Duchesne MJ, Balaguer P. 2006. Identification of new human pregnane X receptor ligands among pesticides using a stable reporter cell system. Toxicol Sci 91(2):501-509. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj173.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: DHP, di-n-hexylphthalate ( DnHP )
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lu KY, Tseng FW, Wu CJ, Liu PS. 2004. Suppression by phthalates of the calcium signaling of human nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Toxicology 200(2-3):113-121. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2004.03.018.
Saillenfait AM, Gallissot F, Sabate JP. 2009. Differential developmental toxicities of di-n-hexyl phthalate and dicyclohexyl phthalate administered orally to rats. J Appl Toxicol 29(6):510-521. DOI: 10.1002/jat.1436.
Saillenfait AM, Sabate JP, Gallissot F. 2009. Effects of in utero exposure to di-n-hexyl phthalate on the reproductive development of the male rat. Reprod Toxicol 28(4):468-476. DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2009.06.013.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: July 15, 2011 DATE UPDATED: July 15, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2 , 2-bis ( 4-hydroxyphenyl ) -1 , 1-dichloroethene, 2 , 2-bis ( 4-hydroxyphenyl ) -1 , 1-dichloroethylene
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gaido KW, Maness SC, McDonnell DP, Dehal SS, Kupfer D, Safe S. 2000. Interaction of methoxychlor and related compounds with estrogen receptor [alpha] and [beta], and androgen receptor: structure-activity studies. Mol Pharmacol 58(4):852-858. DOI: 10.1124/mol.58.4.852 .
USE REFERENCES
Glustrom LW, Mitton-Fry R.M., Wuttke D.S. 2002. Re: 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis-(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene and Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Breast Cancer: Combined Analysis of Five U.S. Studies. J Natl Cancer Inst 94(17):1337-1338. DOI: 10.1093/jnci/94.17.1337
Hay AG, Focht DD. 1998. Cometabolism of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene by Pseudomonas acidovorans M3GY grown on biphenyl. Appl Environ Microbiol 64(6):2141-2146. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 4 , 4'- ( 2 , 2- dichloroethenylidene ) bis-phenol, 4-[2 , 2-dichloro-1- ( 4-hydroxyphenyl ) ethenyl]phenol, 4-[2 , 2-dichloro-1- ( 4-hydroxyphenyl ) vinyl]phenol, bis ( 4- hydroxyphenyl ) -2 , 2-dichloroethylene, 4 , 4'- ( 2 , 2-dichloroethene-1 , 1-diyl ) diphenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
USE REFERENCES
Li H, Ung CY, Yap CW, Xue Y, Li ZR, Chen YZ. 2006. Prediction of estrogen receptor agonists and characterization of associated molecular descriptors by statistical learning methods. J Mol Graph Model 25(3):313-323 (supplemental material). DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2006.01.007
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W, Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chem Res Toxicol 16(10):1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: phosphamidon
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Thangavel P, Ramaswamy M, Sumathiral K, Amutha K. 2005. Individual and combined effects of dimecron-ziram on the levels of serum prolactin and selected minerals of an edible freshwater fish, Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters). Pestic Biochem Physiol 81(1):24-31. DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2004.08.002.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Walsh LP, Webster DR, Stocco DM. 2000. Dimethoate inhibits steroidogenesis by disrupting transcription of the steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) gene. J Endocrinol 167(2):253-263. DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1670253 .
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Orton F, Rosivatz E, Scholze M, Kortenkamp A. 2011. Widely used pesticides with previously unknown endocrine activity revealed as in vitro antiandrogens. Environ Health Perspect 119(6):794-800. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002895.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: October 7, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2 , 2-bis ( 4-methoxyphenyl ) -1 , 1-dichloroethene, 2 , 2-bis ( 4-methxyphenyl ) -1 , 1-dichloroethylene
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Gaido KW, Maness SC, McDonnell DP, Dehal SS, Kupfer D, Safe S. 2000. Interaction of methoxychlor and related compounds with estrogen receptor [alpha] and [beta], and androgen receptor: structure-activity studies. Mol Pharmacol 58(4):852-858. DOI: 10.1124/mol.58.4.852 .
USE REFERENCES
Gaido KW, Maness SC, McDonnell DP, Dehal SS, Kupfer D, Safe S. 2000. Interaction of methoxychlor and related compounds with estrogen receptor [alpha] and [beta], and androgen receptor: structure-activity studies. Mol Pharmacol 58(4):852-858. DOI: 10.1124/mol.58.4.852
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 10, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: bis ( 2-methoxyethyl ) phthalate, 2-methoxyethylphthalate, di ( methoxyethyl ) phthalate, bis ( 2-methoxyethyl ) phthalate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Plastic/Rubber, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Singh, A.R., Lawrence, W.H. and Autian, J., 1974. Mutagenic and antifertility sensitivities of mice to di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and dimethoxyethyl phthalate (DMEP). Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 29(1), pp.35-46. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(74)90159-8.
USE REFERENCES
Groh, K.J., Backhaus, T., Carney-Almroth, B., Geueke, B., Inostroza, P.A., Lennquist, A., Maffini, M., Leslie, H.A., Slunge, D., Trasande, L. and Warhurst, M., 2018. Chemicals associated with plastic packaging: Inventory and hazards. PeerJ Preprints, 6, p.e27036v1. DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.27036v1
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: September 26, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAME: methylmercury
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Metal/Metallurgy
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Choe SY, Kim SJ, Kim HG, Lee JH, Choi Y, Lee H, Kim Y. 2003. Evaluation of estrogenicity of major heavy metals. Sci Total Environ 312(1-3):15-21. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00190-6.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Christen V, Crettaz P, Oberli-Schrämmli A, Fent K. Some flame retardants and the antimicrobials triclosan and triclocarban enhance the androgenic activity in vitro. Chemosphere. 2010 Nov 30;81(10):1245-52. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.09.031.
Pérez-Albaladejo E, Fernandes D, Lacorte S, Porte C. Comparative toxicity, oxidative stress and endocrine disruption potential of plasticizers in JEG-3 human placental cells. Toxicology in Vitro. 2017 Feb 28;38:41-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.11.003.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. 2017. Inert Ingredients Overview and Guidance. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: July 13, 2017 DATE UPDATED: July 13, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: N , N-dimethylformamide, DMFA, DMF
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metal/Metallurgy, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kassotis CD, Klemp KC, Vu DC, Lin CH, Meng CX, Besch-Williford CL, Pinatti L, Zoeller RT, Drobnis EZ, Balise VD, et al. 2015 in press. Endocrine-disrupting activity of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and adverse health outcomes after prenatal exposure in male mice. Endocrinology:en20151375. DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1375.
Kassotis CD, Tillitt DE, Davis JW, Hormann AM, Nagel SC. 2014. Estrogen and androgen receptor activities of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and surface and ground water in a drilling-dense region. Endocrinology 155(3):897-907. DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1697.
Ren L, Meldahl A, Lech JJ. 1996. Dimethyl formamide (DMFA) and ethylene glycol (EG) are estrogenic in rainbow trout. Chem Biol Interact 102(1):63-67. DOI: 10.1016/0009-2797(96)03727-1.
USE REFERENCES
Kim KH, Pandey SK, Kim YH, Sohn JR, Oh JM. 2015. Emissions of amides (N,N-dimethylformamide and formamide) and other obnoxious volatile organic compounds from different mattress textile products. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 114:350-356. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.07.008
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: November 2, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Goldberg RC, Wolff J, Greep RO. 1955. The mechanism of depression of plasm protein bound iodine by 2,4 dinitrophenol. Endocinology 56(5):560-566. DOI: 10.1210/endo-56-5-560.
Goldberg RC, Wolff J, Greep RO. 1957. Studies on the nature of the thyroid-pituitay interrelationship. Endocrinology 60(1):38-52. DOI: 10.1210/endo-60-1-38.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Smialowicz RJ, Luebke RW, Riddle MM. 1992. Assessment of the immunotoxic potential of the fungicide dinocap in mice. Toxicology 75(3):235-247. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(92)90005-Y.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US EPA. 2003. R.E.D. Facts. Dinocap. EPA-738-F-03-003. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kim YJ, Ryu JC. 2006. Evaluation of estrogenic effects of phthalate analogues using in vitro and in vivo screening assays. Molecular and Cellular Toxicology 2(2):106-113. Link.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2-sec-butyl-4 , 6-dinitrophenol, 2 , 4-dinitro-6-sec-butylphenol, 2-butan-2-yl-4 , 6-dinitrophenol
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Linder RE, Strader LF, Slott VL, Suarez JD. 1992. Endpoints of spermatotoxicity in the rat after short duration exposures to fourteen reproductive toxicants. Reprod Toxicol 6(6):491-505. DOI: 10.1016/0890-6238(92)90034-Q.
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 17, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: DOP, di-n-octylphthalate ( DnOP )
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
USE REFERENCES
National Pesticide Information Retrieval System. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: July 15, 2011 DATE UPDATED: July 15, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: DPP, DPeP, DnPP, di-n-pentyl phthalate, diamyl phthalate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hannas BR, Furr J, Lambright CS, Wilson VS, Foster PM, Gray LE Jr. 2011. Dipentyl phthalate dosing during sexual differentiation disrupts fetal testis function and postnatal development of the male Sprague-Dawley rat with greater relative potency than other phthalates. Toxicol Sci 120(1):184-193. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfq386.
Lu KY, Tseng FW, Wu CJ, Liu PS. 2004. Suppression by phthalates of the calcium signaling of human nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Toxicology 200(2-3):113-121. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2004.03.018.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: July 15, 2011 DATE UPDATED: August 7, 2014
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Blair RM, Fang H, Branham WS, Hass BS, Dial SL, Moland CL, Tong W, Shi L, Perkins R, Sheehan DM. 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicol Sci 54(1):138-153. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
PUBMED. Diphenolic acid. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: DPhP
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Scippo ML, Argiris C, Van De Weerdt C, Muller M, Willemsen P, Martial J, Maghuin-Rogister G. 2004. Recombinant human estrogen, androgen and progesterone receptors for detection of potential endocrine disruptors. Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry 378(3):664-669. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-003-2251-0.
USE REFERENCES
LookChem Link
DATE ADDED: July 15, 2011 DATE UPDATED: July 15, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Akahori Y, Nakai M, Yamasaki K, Takatsuki M, Shimohigashi Y, Ohtaki M. 2008. Relationship between the results of in vitro receptor binding assay to human estrogen receptor alpha and in vivo uterotrophic assay: Comparative study with 65 selected chemicals. Toxicol in Vitro 22(1):225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.004.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: [ ( PhMeSiO ) 2 ( Me2SiO ) 2]
CATEGORY OF USE: Use/Source not available
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hayden JF, Barlow SA. 1972. Structure-activity relationships of organosiloxanes and the female reproductive system. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 21(1):68-79. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(72)90028-2.
DATE ADDED: October 26, 2015 DATE UPDATED: October 26, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: [ ( PhMeSiO ) 2 ( Me2SiO ) ]
CATEGORY OF USE: Use/Source not available
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hayden JF, Barlow SA. 1972. Structure-activity relationships of organosiloxanes and the female reproductive system. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 21(1):68-79. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(72)90028-2.
DATE ADDED: October 26, 2015 DATE UPDATED: October 26, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: DPT
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Atanasov AG, Nashev LG, Tan S, Baker ME, Odermatt A. 2005. Organotins disrupt the 11[beta]-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2-dependent local inactivation of glucocorticoids. Environ Health Perspect 113(11):1600-1606. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.8209.
USE REFERENCES
Atanasov AG, Nashev LG, Tan S, Baker ME, Odermatt A. 2005. Organotins disrupt the 11[beta]-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2-dependent local inactivation of glucocorticoids. Environ Health Perspect 113(11):1600-1606. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.8209
DATE ADDED: June 16, 2011 DATE UPDATED: June 16, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: DPrP, di-n-propyl phthalate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kanayama T, Kobayashi N, Mamiya S, Nakanishi T, Nishikawa J. 2005. Organotin compounds promote adipocyte differentiation as agonists of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor [gamma]/retinoid X receptor pathway. Mol Pharmacol 67(3):766-774. DOI: 10.1124/mol.104.008409 .
Lu KY, Tseng FW, Wu CJ, Liu PS. 2004. Suppression by phthalates of the calcium signaling of human nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Toxicology 200(2-3):113-121. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2004.03.018.
USE REFERENCES
LookChem Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Anderson RJ, Prahlad KV. 1976. The deleterious effects of fungicides and herbicides on Xenopus laevis embryos. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 4(3):312-323. DOI: 10.1007/BF02221030.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Rose MS, Crabtree HC, Fletcher K, Wyatt I. 1974. Biochemical effects of diquat and paraquat. Biochem J 138(Part 3):437-443. DOI: 10.1042/bj1380437 .
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: direct black
CATEGORY OF USE: Household product ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bazin, I., Hassine, A.I.H., Hamouda, Y.H., Mnif, W., Bartegi, A., Lopez-Ferber, M., De Waard, M. and Gonzalez, C., 2012. Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity of 23 commercial textile dyes. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, pp.131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.003.
USE REFERENCES
Bazin, I., Hassine, A.I.H., Hamouda, Y.H., Mnif, W., Bartegi, A., Lopez-Ferber, M., De Waard, M. and Gonzalez, C., 2012. Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity of 23 commercial textile dyes. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, pp.131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.003
DATE ADDED: June 20, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: C.I.direct blue 71, DB71 stain
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bazin, I., Hassine, A.I.H., Hamouda, Y.H., Mnif, W., Bartegi, A., Lopez-Ferber, M., De Waard, M. and Gonzalez, C., 2012. Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity of 23 commercial textile dyes. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, pp.131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.003.
USE REFERENCES
Bazin, I., Hassine, A.I.H., Hamouda, Y.H., Mnif, W., Bartegi, A., Lopez-Ferber, M., De Waard, M. and Gonzalez, C., 2012. Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity of 23 commercial textile dyes. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, pp.131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.003
Chemical and Product Categories (CPCAT) Link
DATE ADDED: June 20, 2018
CATEGORY OF USE: Household product ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bazin, I., Hassine, A.I.H., Hamouda, Y.H., Mnif, W., Bartegi, A., Lopez-Ferber, M., De Waard, M. and Gonzalez, C., 2012. Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity of 23 commercial textile dyes. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, pp.131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.003.
USE REFERENCES
Bazin, I., Hassine, A.I.H., Hamouda, Y.H., Mnif, W., Bartegi, A., Lopez-Ferber, M., De Waard, M. and Gonzalez, C., 2012. Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity of 23 commercial textile dyes. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, pp.131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.003
DATE ADDED: June 20, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: tetraethylthiuram disulfide, antabuse, bis ( diethylthiocarbamoyl ) disulfide, disulfiram, ro-sulfiram, TETD, tetraethylthiuram disulfide, alcophobin
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cavalleri, A., Polatti, F. and Bolis, P.F., 1978. Acute effects of tetraethyltiuram disulfide on serum levels of hypophyseal hormones in humans. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, pp.66-72. Link.
Christensen, J., Wase, A.W. and Van Dyke, J.H., 1955. Tetraethylthiuram disulphide (disulfiram) and thyroid activity. Acta pharmacologica et toxicologica, 11(2), pp.163-167. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1955.tb00215.x .
Fuller, R.W. and Snoddy, H., 1968. Inhibition by disulfiram of the accelerated turnover of catecholamines in the adrenal glands of exercised rats. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 20(2), pp.156-157. DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1968.tb09710.x .
Telkkä, A. and Kivalo, E., 1958. The effect of tetraethylthiuram disulphide (Disulfiram, Antabuse) on the thyroid of the rat. Acta endocrinologica, 27(1), pp.85-88. DOI: 10.1530/acta.0.0270085.
Wase, A.W. and Christensen, 1954. Antithyroid Action of Tetraethylthiuram disulfide. Journal of Biological Chemistry. pp. 75-78. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Groh, K.J., Backhaus, T., Carney-Almroth, B., Geueke, B., Inostroza, P.A., Lennquist, A., Maffini, M., Leslie, H.A., Slunge, D., Trasande, L. and Warhurst, M., 2018. Chemicals associated with plastic packaging: Inventory and hazards. PeerJ Preprints, 6, p.e27036v1. DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.27036v1
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: September 26, 2018
CATEGORY OF USE: Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kim YJ, Ryu JC. 2006. Evaluation of estrogenic effects of phthalate analogues using in vitro and in vivo screening assays. Molecular and Cellular Toxicology 2(2):106-113. Link.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
Orton F, Lutz I, Kloas W, Routledge EJ. 2009. Endocrine disrupting effects of herbicides and pentachlorophenol: in vitro and in vivo evidence. Environ Sci Technol 43(6):2144-2150. DOI: 10.1021/es8028928.
Takeuchi S, Iida M, Yabushita H, Matsuda T, Kojima H. 2008. In vitro screening for aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonistic activity in 200 pesticides using a highly sensitive reporter cell line, DR-EcoScreen cells, and in vivo mouse liver cytochrome P450-1A induction by propanil, diuron and linuron. Chemosphere 74(1):155-165. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.08.015.
Zhao B, Baston DS, Hammock B, Denison MS. 2006. Interaction of diuron and related substituted phenylureas with the Ah receptor pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 20(3):103-113. DOI: 10.1002/jbt.20126.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: mono- ( 1-methyl ) -hexyl phthalate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Lampen A, Zimnik S, Nau H. 2003. Teratogenic phthalate esters and metabolites activate the nuclear receptors PPARs and induce differentiation of F9 cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 188(1):14-23. DOI: 10.1016/S0041-008X(03)00014-0.
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Corton JC, Lapinskas PJ. 2005. Table 3 In: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: Mediators of phthalate ester-induced effects in the male reproductive tract? Toxicol Sci 83(1):4-17. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfi011
Lampen A, Zimnik S, Nau H. 2003. Teratogenic phthalate esters and metabolites activate the nuclear receptors PPARs and induce differentiation of F9 cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 188(1):14-23. DOI: 10.1016/S0041-008X(03)00014-0
DATE ADDED: July 15, 2011 DATE UPDATED: July 15, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2 , 4-dinitro-6-methylphenol, dinitro-o-cresol, trifocide ( Netherlands )
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
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Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: PFHxDI
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Wang C, Wang T, Liu W, Ruan T, Zhou Q, Liu J, Zhang A, Zhao B, Jiang G. 2012. The in vitro estrogenic activities of polyfluorinated iodine alkanes. Environ Health Perspect 120(1):119-125. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1103773.
USE REFERENCES
Wang C, Wang T, Liu W, Ruan T, Zhou Q, Liu J, Zhang A, Zhao B and Jiang G. 2012. The in vitro estrogenic activities of polyfluorinated iodine alkanes. Environ Health Perspect 120(1):119-125. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1103773
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Petit F, Le Goff P, Cravedi JP, Valotaire Y, Pakdel F. 1997. Two complementary bioassays for screening the estrogenic potency of xenobiotics: recombinant yeast for trout estrogen receptor and trout hepatocyte cultures. J Mol Endocrinol 19(3):321-335. DOI: 10.1677/jme.0.0190321.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: cashmeran, 6 , 7-dihydro-1 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 3-pentamethyl-4 ( 5H ) -indanone
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Mori T, Iida M, Ishibashi H, Kohra S, Takao Y, Takemasa T, Arizono K. 2007. Hormonal activity of polycyclic musks evaluated by reporter gene assay. Environ Sci 14(4):195-202. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Mori T, Iida M, Ishibashi H, Kohra S, Takao Y, Takemasa T, Arizono K. 2007. Hormonal activity of polycyclic musks evaluated by reporter gene assay. Environ Sci 14(4):195-202. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 24, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bigelow SW, Nebert DW. 1982. The Ah regulatory gene product. Survey of nineteen polycyclic aromatic compounds' and fifteen benzo[a]pyrene metabolites' capacity to bind to the cytosolic receptor. Toxicol Lett 10(1):109-118. DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(82)90276-4.
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Stiborová M, Poljaková J, Martínková E, Bořek-Dohalská L, Eckschlager T, Kizek R and Frei E. 2011. Ellipticine cytotoxicity to cancer cell lines-a comparative study. Interdiscip Toxicol 4(2):98-105. DOI: 10.2478/v10102-011-0017-7
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Matsuda H, Shimoda H, Morikawa T, Yoshikawa M. 2001. Phytoestrogens from the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum (Polygonaceae): structure-requirement of hydroxyanthraquinones for estrogenic activity. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 11(14):1839-1842. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-894X(01)00318-3.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: benzoepin
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Banerjee BD, Hussain QZ. 1986. Effect of sub-chronic endosulfan exposure on humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in albino rats. Arch Toxicol 59(4):279-284. DOI: 10.1007/BF00290551.
Grunfeld HT, Bonefeld-Jorgensen EC. 2004. Effect of in vitro estrogenic pesticides on human oestrogen receptor alpha and beta mRNA levels. Toxicol Lett 151(3):467-480. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.03.021.
Orton F, Rosivatz E, Scholze M, Kortenkamp A. 2011. Widely used pesticides with previously unknown endocrine activity revealed as in vitro antiandrogens. Environ Health Perspect 119(6):794-800. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002895.
Soto AM, Sonnenschein C, Chung KL, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Serrano FO. 1995. The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: An update on estrogenic environmental pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl. 7):113-122. DOI: 10.2307/3432519 .
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: benzoepin sulfate
CATEGORY OF USE: Metabolite/Degradate
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Jin L, Tran DQ, Ide CF, McLachlan JA, Arnold SF. 1997. Several synthetic chemicals inhibit progesterone receptor-mediated transactivation in yeast. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 233(1):139-146. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6417.
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
Vonier PM, Crain DA, McLachlan JA, Guillette LJ Jr., Arnold SF. 1996. Interaction of environmental chemicals with the estrogen and progesterone receptors from the oviduct of the American alligator. Environ Health Perspect 104(12):1318-1322. DOI: 10.2307/3432968 .
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 24, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: nendrine ( South Africa )
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Abalis IM, Eldefrawi ME, Eldefrawi AT. 1985. High-affinity stereospecific binding of cyclodiene insecticides and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane to gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors of rat brain. Pesticide Biochemistry & Physiology 24(1):95-102. DOI: 10.1016/0048-3575(85)90118-X.
Chernoff N, Kavlock RJ, Hanisch RC, Whitehouse DA, Gray JA, Gray LE Jr, Sovocool GW. 1979. Perinatal toxicity of endrin in rodents. I. Fetotoxic effects of prenatal exposure in hamsters. Toxicology 13(2):155-165. DOI: 10.1016/S0300-483X(79)80019-0.
Good EE, Ware GW. 1969. Effects of insecticides on reproduction in the laboratory mouse. IV. Endrin and dieldrin. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 14(1):201-203. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(69)90180-X.
Grant BF, Mehrle PM. 1975. Endrin toxicosis in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 30(1):31-40. DOI: 10.1139/f73-004.
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 23, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAME: secondhand smoke
CATEGORY OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Slotkin TA, Pinkerton KE, Seidler FJ. 2006. Perinatal environmental tobacco smoke exposure in rhesus monkeys: Critical periods and regional selectivity for effects on brain cell development and lipid peroxidation. Environ Health Perspect 114(1):34-39. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.8286.
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Surgeon General. 2006. Chapter 2. Toxicology of Secondhand Smoke. In: The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, Ga: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Coordinating Center for Health Promotion, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1-chloro-2 , 3-epoxypropane
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Cooper ERA, Jones AR, Jackson H. 1974. Effects of alpha-chlorohydrin and related compounds on the reproductive organs and fertility of the male rat. J Reprod Fertil 38(2):379-386. DOI: 10.1530/jrf.0.0380379.
John JA, Quast JF, Murray FJ, Calhoun LG, Staples RE. 1983. Inhalation toxicity of epichlorohydrin: effects on fertility in rats and rabbits. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 68(3):415-423. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(83)90286-7.
Kluwe WM, Gupta BN, Lamb JC 4th. 1983. The comparative effects of 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) and its metabolites, 3-chloro-1,2-propaneoxide (epichlorohydrin), 3-chloro-1,2- propanediol (alphachlorohydrin), and oxalic acid, on the urogenital system of male rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 70(1):67-86. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(83)90180-1.
Slott VL, Suarez JD, Simmons JE, Perreault SD. 1990. Acute inhalation exposure to epichlorohydrin transiently decreases rat sperm velocity. Fundam Appl Toxicol 15(3):597-606. DOI: 10.1016/0272-0590(90)90044-K.
Toth GP, Zenick H, Smith MK. 1989. Effects of epichlorohydrin on male and female reproduction in Long- Evans rats. Fundam Appl Toxicol 13(1):16-25. DOI: 10.1016/0272-0590(89)90303-5.
USE REFERENCES
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 24, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: ethyl p-nitrophenyl benzenethionophosphonate
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
Okubo T, Yokoyama Y, Kano K, Soya Y, Kano I. 2004. Estimation of estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities of selected pesticides by MCF-7 cell proliferation assay. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 46(4):445-453. DOI: 10.1007/s00244-003-3017-6.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Oda S, Tatarazako N, Watanabe H, Morita M, Iguchi T. 2005. Production of male neonates in Daphnia magna (Cladocera, Crustacea) exposed to juvenile hormones and their analogs. Chemosphere 61(8):1168-1174. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.02.075.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: epoxiconazol
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Grote K, Niemann L, Selzsam B, Haider W, Gericke C, Herzler M, Chahoud I. 2008. Epoxiconazole causes changes in testicular histology and sperm production in the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Environ Toxicol Chem 27(11):2368-2374. DOI: 10.1897/08-048.1.
Taxvig C, Hass U, Axelstad M, Dalgaard M, Boberg J, Andeasen HR, Vinggaard AM. 2007. Endocrine-disrupting activities in vivo of the fungicides tebuconazole and epoxiconazole. Toxicol Sci 100(2):464-473. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfm227.
Taxvig C, Vinggaard AM, Hass U, Axelstad M, Metzdorff S, Nellemann C. 2008. Endocrine-disrupting properties in vivo of widely used azole fungicides. Int J Androl 31(2):170-176. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2007.00838.x.
Trosken ER, Adamska M, Arand M, Zarn JA, Patten C, Volkel W, Lutz WK. 2006. Comparison of lanosterol-14 alpha-demethylase (CYP51) of human and Candida albicans for inhibition by different antifungal azoles. Toxicology 228(1):24-32. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2006.08.007.
Trösken ER, Scholz K, Lutz RW, Völkel W, Zarn JA, Lutz WK. 2004. Comparative assessment of the inhibition of recombinant human CYP19 (aromatase) by azoles used in agriculture and as drugs for humans. Endocr Res 30(3):387-394. DOI: 10.1081/ERC-200035093.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Smulders CJ, Bueters TJ, Van Kleef RG, Vijverberg HP. 2003. Selective effects of carbamate pesticides on rat neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and rat brain acetylcholinesterase. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 193(2):139-146. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2003.07.011.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Biogenic compound, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Metabolite/Degradate, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nishihara T, Nishikawa J, Kanayama T, Dakeyama F, Saito K, Imagawa M, Takatori S, Kitagawa Y, Hori S, Utsumi H. 2000. Estrogenic activities of 517 chemicals by yeast two-hybrid assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4):282-298. DOI: 10.1248/jhs.46.282.
USE REFERENCES
PUBCHEM. Equol. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAME: ( S ) -cyano ( 3-phenoxyphenyl ) methyl ( αS ) -4-chloro-α- ( 1-methylethyl ) benzeneacetate
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Barry MJ, O'Halloran K, Logan DC, Ahokas JT, Holdway DA. 1995. Sublethal effects of esfenvalerate pulse-exposure on spawning and non-spawning Australian crimson-spotted rainbowfish (Melanotaenia fluviatilis). Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 28(4):459-463. DOI: 10.1007/BF00211628.
Pine MD, Hiney JK, Lee B, Dees WL. 2008. The pyrethroid pesticide esfenvalerate suppresses the afternoon rise of luteinizing hormone and delays puberty in female rats. Environ Health Perspect 116(9):1243–1247. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.11119.
Tanner DK, Knuth ML. 1996. Effects of esfenvalerate on the reproductive success of the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus in littoral enclosures. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 31(2):244-251. DOI: 10.1007/BF00212373.
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Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: ethyl alcohol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Badr FM, Bartke A, Dalterio S, Bulger W. 1977. Suppression of testosterone production by ethyl alcohol. Possible mode of action. Steroids 30(5):647-655. DOI: 10.1016/0039-128X(77)90054-X.
Clark OH, Gerend PL. 1986. Effect of ethyl alcohol on the TSH-receptor-cyclase system in thyroid and nonthyroid tissues. World J Surg 10(5):787-796. DOI: 10.1007/BF01655240.
Furuya H, Aikawa H, Yoshida T, Okazaki I. 1996. Effects of ethyl alcohol administration to rat dams during the gestation period on learning behavior and on levels of monoamines and metabolites in rat pup brain after birth. Environ Health Prev Med 1(2):87-92. DOI: 10.1007/BF02931196.
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US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Waxman HA, Markey EJ, and DeGette D. 2011. Chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. United States House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce Minority Staff. Link
DATE ADDED: March 22, 2017 DATE UPDATED: March 22, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Long M, Laier P, Vinggaard AM, Andersen HR, Lynggaard J, Bonefeld-Jorgensen EC. 2003. Effects of currently used pesticides in the AhR-CALUX assay: comparison between the human TV101L and the rat H4IIE cell line. Toxicology 194(1-2):77-93. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2003.08.001 Get .
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Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: March 25, 2015 DATE UPDATED: March 25, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US EPA. 2012. Pesticide Reregistration Status for Organophosphates. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: ethyl metribuzin, ebuzin, Tycor
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hurley PM, Hill RN, Whiting RJ. 1998. Mode of carcinogenic action of pesticides inducing thyroid follicular cell tumors in rodents [review]. Environ Health Perspect 106(8):437-445. DOI: 10.2307/3434175 .
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
US EPA. 1981. 6-ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline. Ethoxyquin. Pesticide Registration Standard. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate, ethyl-4-hydroxybenzoate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Byford JR, Shaw LE, Drew MG, Pope GS, Sauer MJ, Darbre PD. 2002. Oestrogenic activity of parabens in MCF7 human breast cancer cells. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry & Molecular Biology 80(1):49-60. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-0760(01)00174-1.
Gomez E, Pillon A, Fenet H, Rosain D, Duchesne MJ, Nicolas JC, Balaguer P, Casellas C. 2005. Estrogenic activity of cosmetic components in reporter cell lines: parabens, UV screens, and musks. J Toxicol Environ Health A 68(4):239-251. DOI: 10.1080/15287390590895054.
Lemini C, Hernández A, Jaimez R, Franco Y, Avila ME, Castell A. 2004. Morphometric analysis of mice uteri treated with the preservatives methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butylparaben. Toxicol Ind Health 20(6-10):123-132. DOI: 10.1191/0748233704th202oa.
Song BL, Li HY, Peng DR. 1989. In vitro spermicidal activity of parabens against human spermatozoa. Contraception 39(3):331-335. DOI: 10.1016/0010-7824(89)90065-6.
Taxvig C, Vinggaard AM, Hass U, Axelstad M, Boberg J, Hansen PR, Frederiksen H, Nellemann C. 2008. Do parabens have the ability to interfere with steroidogenesis? Toxicol Sci 106(1):206-213. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfn148.
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US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 17, 2013
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Zhang Z, Jia C, Hu Y, Sun L, Jiao J, Zhao L, Zhu D, Li J, Tian Y, Bai H, Li R, Hu J. 2012. The estrogenic potential of salicylate esters and their possible risks in foods and cosmetics. Toxicol Lett 209(2):146-153. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.12.004.
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US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
Zhang Z, Jia C, Hu Y, Sun L, Jiao J, Zhao L, Zhu D, Li J, Tian Y, Bai H, Li R, Hu J. 2012. The estrogenic potential of salicylate esters and their possible risks in foods and cosmetics. Toxicol Lett 209(2):146-153. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.12.004
DATE ADDED: October 26, 2015 DATE UPDATED: October 26, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: benzocaine, et-PABA
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kunz PY, Fent K. 2006. Multiple hormonal activities of UV filters and comparison of in vivo and in vitro estrogenic activity of ethyl-4-aminobenzoate in fish. Aquat Toxicol 79(4):305-324. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.06.016.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104.
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Santa Cruz Biotechnology. Link
Schultz TW, Sinks GD, Cronin MTD. 2000. Effect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay. EnvironToxicol Chem 19(11):2637-2642. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620191104
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
National Toxicology Program. 1999. NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Ethylbenzene (CAS No. 100-41-4) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Inhalation Studies). Natl Toxicol Program Tech Rep Ser 466:1-231. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Ferrar KJ, Michanowicz DR, Christen CL, Mulcahy N, Malone SL, Sharma RK. 2013. Assessment of effluent contaminants from three facilities discharging Marcellus Shale wastewater to surface waters in Pennsylvania. Environ Sci Technol 47(7):3472-3481. DOI: 10.1021/es301411q
Getzinger GJ, O'Connor MP, Hoelzer K, Drollette BD, Karatum O, Deshusses MA, Ferguson PL, Elsner M, Plata DL. 2015. Natural Gas Residual Fluids: Sources, Endpoints, and Organic Chemical Composition after Centralized Waste Treatment in Pennsylvania. Environ Sci Technol 49(14):8347-8355. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b00471
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
Ziemkiewicz PF, Quaranta JD, Darnell A, Wise R. 2014. Exposure pathways related to shale gas development and procedures for reducing environmental and public risk. J Nat Gas Sci Eng 16(0):77-84. DOI: 10.1016/j.jngse.2013.11.003
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: dibromoethane ( EDB ) , 1 , 2-dibromoethane
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schrader SM, Turner TW, Ratcliffe JM. 1988. The effects of ethylene dibromide on semen quality: a comparison of short-term and chronic exposure. Reprod Toxicol 2(3-4):191-198. DOI: 10.1016/0890-6238(88)90021-4.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAME: 1 , 2-ethanediol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kassotis CD, Klemp KC, Vu DC, Lin CH, Meng CX, Besch-Williford CL, Pinatti L, Zoeller RT, Drobnis EZ, Balise VD, et al. 2015 in press. Endocrine-disrupting activity of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and adverse health outcomes after prenatal exposure in male mice. Endocrinology:en20151375. DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1375.
Kassotis CD, Tillitt DE, Davis JW, Hormann AM, Nagel SC. 2014. Estrogen and androgen receptor activities of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and surface and ground water in a drilling-dense region. Endocrinology 155(3):897-907. DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1697.
Kassotis CD, Tillitt DE, Davis JW, Hormann AM, Nagel SC. 2014. Estrogen and androgen receptor activities of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and surface and ground water in a drilling-dense region. Endocrinology 155(3):897-907. DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1697.
Ren L, Meldahl A, Lech JJ. 1996. Dimethyl formamide (DMFA) and ethylene glycol (EG) are estrogenic in rainbow trout. Chem Biol Interact 102(1):63-67. DOI: 10.1016/0009-2797(96)03727-1.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: November 2, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: EGBE, 2-butoxyethanol, 2-BE
CATEGORIES OF USE: Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Pesticide ingredient, Solvent, Unconventional Oil and Gas
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kassotis CD, Klemp KC, Vu DC, Lin CH, Meng CX, Besch-Williford CL, Pinatti L, Zoeller RT, Drobnis EZ, Balise VD, et al. 2015 in press. Endocrine-disrupting activity of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and adverse health outcomes after prenatal exposure in male mice. Endocrinology:en20151375. DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1375.
Kassotis CD, Tillitt DE, Davis JW, Hormann AM, Nagel SC. 2014. Estrogen and androgen receptor activities of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and surface and ground water in a drilling-dense region. Endocrinology 155(3):897-907. DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1697.
National Toxicology Program. 2000. NTP toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of 2-butoxyethanol (Cas No. 111-76-2) in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice (inhalation studies). Natl Toxicol Program Tech Rep Ser 484:1-290. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Ferrar KJ, Michanowicz DR, Christen CL, Mulcahy N, Malone SL, Sharma RK. 2013. Assessment of effluent contaminants from three facilities discharging Marcellus Shale wastewater to surface waters in Pennsylvania. Environ Sci Technol 47(7):3472-3481. DOI: 10.1021/es301411q
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US EPA. InertFinder. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 27, 2015 DATE UPDATED: March 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: EGEE, 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-EE
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Plastic/Rubber, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Tonkin EG, Cooper M, Lollini LO, Day-Lollini PA, Allard J, Kolaja KL, Platz SJ, Chanda SM. 2009. Testicular gene expression profiling following 2-methoxyethanol and 2-ethoxyethanol exposure in male rats reveals abnormal expression of the actin binding protein cortactin in degenerating spermatocytes. Toxicol Lett 190(2):193-201. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.07.017.
USE REFERENCES
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: February 19, 2015 DATE UPDATED: February 19, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: EGME, 2-methoxyethanol, 2-ME
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Solvent
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Creasy DM, Flynn JC, Gray TJ, Butler WH. 1985. A quantitative study of stage specific spermatocyte damage following administration of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether in the rat. Experimental & Molecular Pathology 43(3):321-336. DOI: 10.1016/0014-4800(85)90069-3.
Linder RE, Strader LF, Slott VL, Suarez JD. 1992. Endpoints of spermatotoxicity in the rat after short duration exposures to fourteen reproductive toxicants. Reprod Toxicol 6(6):491-505. DOI: 10.1016/0890-6238(92)90034-Q.
Nagano K, Nakayama E, Oobayashi H, Nishizawa T, Okuda H, Yamazaki K. 1984. Experimental studies on toxicity of ethylene glycol alkyl ethers in Japan. Environ Health Perspect 57:75-84. DOI: 10.2307/3429901.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 24, 2015
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kunz PY, Fent K. 2006. Multiple hormonal activities of UV filters and comparison of in vivo and in vitro estrogenic activity of ethyl-4-aminobenzoate in fish. Aquat Toxicol 79(4):305-324. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.06.016.
Mori K, Kaido M, Fujishiro K, Inoue N. 1989. Testicular toxicity and alterations of glutathione metabolism resulting from chronic inhalation of ethylene oxide in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 101(2):299-309. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(89)90278-0.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: ETU, 2-imidazolidinethione
CATEGORIES OF USE: Byproduct/Intermediate/Reactant, Industrial additive, Metabolite/Degradate, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hurley PM, Hill RN, Whiting RJ. 1998. Mode of carcinogenic action of pesticides inducing thyroid follicular cell tumors in rodents [review]. Environ Health Perspect 106(8):437-445. DOI: 10.2307/3434175 .
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: ethofenprox, 1-[[2- ( 4-ethoxyphenyl ) -2-methylpropoxy]methyl]-3-phenoxybenzene
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Du G, Shen O, Sun H, Fei J, Lu C, Song L, Xia Y, Wang S, Wang X. 2010. Assessing hormone receptor activities of pyrethroid insecticides and their metabolites in reporter gene assays. Toxicol Sci 116(1):58-66. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfq120.
Hurley PM, Hill RN, Whiting RJ. 1998. Mode of carcinogenic action of pesticides inducing thyroid follicular cell tumors in rodents [review]. Environ Health Perspect 106(8):437-445. DOI: 10.2307/3434175 .
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 10, 2013
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: terrazole, ethazole
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hurley PM, Hill RN, Whiting RJ. 1998. Mode of carcinogenic action of pesticides inducing thyroid follicular cell tumors in rodents [review]. Environ Health Perspect 106(8):437-445. DOI: 10.2307/3434175 .
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: C.I. reactive blue 19, remazol brilliant blue R, cavalite brilliant blue R, remalan brilliant blue R
CATEGORY OF USE: Household product ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bazin, I., Hassine, A.I.H., Hamouda, Y.H., Mnif, W., Bartegi, A., Lopez-Ferber, M., De Waard, M. and Gonzalez, C., 2012. Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity of 23 commercial textile dyes. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, pp.131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.003.
USE REFERENCES
Bazin, I., Hassine, A.I.H., Hamouda, Y.H., Mnif, W., Bartegi, A., Lopez-Ferber, M., De Waard, M. and Gonzalez, C., 2012. Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity of 23 commercial textile dyes. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, pp.131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.003
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: June 20, 2018
CATEGORY OF USE: Household product ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Bazin, I., Hassine, A.I.H., Hamouda, Y.H., Mnif, W., Bartegi, A., Lopez-Ferber, M., De Waard, M. and Gonzalez, C., 2012. Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity of 23 commercial textile dyes. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, pp.131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.003.
USE REFERENCES
Bazin, I., Hassine, A.I.H., Hamouda, Y.H., Mnif, W., Bartegi, A., Lopez-Ferber, M., De Waard, M. and Gonzalez, C., 2012. Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity of 23 commercial textile dyes. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, pp.131-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.003
DATE ADDED: June 20, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAME: Fast Greem 143
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Medical/Veterinary/Research, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
van Hooft JA. 2002. Fast Green FCF (Food Green 3) inhibits synaptic activity in rat hippocampal interneurons. Neurosci Lett 318(3):163-165. DOI: 10.1016/S0304-3940(01)02452-1.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 12, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 12, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: erythrosine
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Medical/Veterinary/Research
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Borzelleca JF, Capen CC, Hallagan JB. 1987. Lifetime toxicity/carcinogenicity study of FD & C Red No. 3 (erythrosine) in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 25(10):723-733. DOI: 10.1016/0278-6915(87)90226-2.
Collins TFX, Long EL. 1976. Effects of chronic oral administration of erythrosine in the Mongolian gerbil. Food Cosmet Toxicol 14(4):233-248. DOI: 10.1016/S0015-6264(76)80285-4.
Dalal A, Poddar MK. 2010. Involvement of high plasma corticosterone status and activation of brain regional serotonin metabolism in long-term erythrosine-induced rearing motor hyper activity in young adult male rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 20(6):287-297. DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2010.483070.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 12, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 12, 2014
ALTERNATIVE NAME: Sunset Yellow
CATEGORIES OF USE: Food additives and contact material, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hashem MM, Atta AH, Arbid MS, Nada SA, Asaad GF. 2010. Immunological studies on Amaranth, Sunset Yellow and Curcumin as food colouring agents in albino rats. Food Chem Toxicol 48(6):1581-1586. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.03.028.
USE REFERENCES
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: August 12, 2014 DATE UPDATED: August 12, 2014
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Andersen HR, Vinggaard AM, Rasmussen TH, Gjermandsen IM, Bonefeld-Jorgensen EC. 2002. Effects of currently used pesticides in assays for estrogenicity, androgenicity, and aromatase activity in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 179(1):1-12. DOI: 10.1006/taap.2001.9347.
Grunfeld HT, Bonefeld-Jorgensen EC. 2004. Effect of in vitro estrogenic pesticides on human oestrogen receptor alpha and beta mRNA levels. Toxicol Lett 151(3):467-480. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.03.021.
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
Lemaire G, Mnif W, Pascussi JM, Pillon A, Rabenoelina F, Fenet H, Gomez E, Casellas C, Nicolas JC, Cavailles V, Duchesne MJ, Balaguer P. 2006. Identification of new human pregnane X receptor ligands among pesticides using a stable reporter cell system. Toxicol Sci 91(2):501-509. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj173.
Okubo T, Yokoyama Y, Kano K, Soya Y, Kano I. 2004. Estimation of estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities of selected pesticides by MCF-7 cell proliferation assay. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 46(4):445-453. DOI: 10.1007/s00244-003-3017-6.
Vinggaard AM, Breinholt V, Larsen JC. 1999. Screening of selected pesticides for oestrogen receptor activation in vitro. Food Additives & Contaminants 16(12):533-542. DOI: 10.1080/026520399283678.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Hurley PM, Hill RN, Whiting RJ. 1998. Mode of carcinogenic action of pesticides inducing thyroid follicular cell tumors in rodents [review]. Environ Health Perspect 106(8):437-445. DOI: 10.2307/3434175 .
Lemaire G, Mnif W, Pascussi JM, Pillon A, Rabenoelina F, Fenet H, Gomez E, Casellas C, Nicolas JC, Cavailles V, Duchesne MJ, Balaguer P. 2006. Identification of new human pregnane X receptor ligands among pesticides using a stable reporter cell system. Toxicol Sci 91(2):501-509. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj173.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Reddy PS, Pushpalatha T, Reddy PS. 2006. Reduction of spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis in mice after fentin and fenbutatin administration. Toxicol Lett 166(1):53-59. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.05.012.
USE REFERENCES
Reddy PS, Pushpalatha T and Reddy PS. 2006. Reduction of spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis in mice after fentin and fenbutatin administration. Toxicol Lett 166(1): 53-59. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.05.012
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: ronnel, fenchlorphos, fenclofos ( WHO )
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Rumsey TS, Bitman J, Tao H. 1983. Changes in plasma concentrations of thyroxine, triiodothyronine, cholesterol and total lipid in beef steers fed ronnel. J Anim Sci 56(1):125-131. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kugathas S, Audouze K, Ermler S, Orton F, Rosivatz E, Scholze M, Kortenkamp A. 2015 (in press). Effects of common pesticides on prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) inhibition in SC5 mouse Sertoli cells, evidence of binding at the COX2 active site, and implications for endocrine disruption. Environ Health Perspect. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409544.
Orton F, Rosivatz E, Scholze M, Kortenkamp A. 2011. Widely used pesticides with previously unknown endocrine activity revealed as in vitro antiandrogens. Environ Health Perspect 119(6):794-800. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002895.
Teng Y, Manavalan TT, Hu C, Medjakovic S, Jungbauer A, Klinge CM. 2013. Endocrine disruptors fludioxonil and fenhexamid stimulate miR-21 expression in breast cancer cells. Toxicol Sci 131(1):71-83. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfs290.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: October 7, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAME: sumithion
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
Okubo T, Yokoyama Y, Kano K, Soya Y, Kano I. 2004. Estimation of estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities of selected pesticides by MCF-7 cell proliferation assay. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 46(4):445-453. DOI: 10.1007/s00244-003-3017-6.
Tamura H, Maness SC, Reischmann K, Dorman DC, Gray LE, Gaido KW. 2001. Androgen receptor antagonism by the organophosphate insecticide fenitrothion. Toxicol Sci 60(1):56-62. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/60.1.56.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: 2- ( 2 , 4 , 5-trichlorophenoxy ) propionic acid, silvex, 2 , 4 , 5-TP
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Goldner WS, Sandler DP, Yu F, Shostrom V, Hoppin JA, Kamel F, LeVan TD. Hypothyroidism and pesticide use among male private pesticide applicators in the agricultural health study. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine/American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2013 Oct;55(10):1171. DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31829b290b.
Van den Berg KJ, van Raaij JAGM, Bragt PC, Notten WRF. 1991. Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo. Arch Toxicol 65(1):15-19. DOI: 10.1007/BF01973497.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 18, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Schmuck G, Mihail F. 2004. Effects of the carbamates fenoxycarb, propamocarb and propoxur on energy supply, glucose utilization and SH-groups in neurons. Arch Toxicol 78(6):330-337. DOI: 10.1007/s00204-004-0546-3.
Smulders CJ, Bueters TJ, Van Kleef RG, Vijverberg HP. 2003. Selective effects of carbamate pesticides on rat neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and rat brain acetylcholinesterase. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 193(2):139-146. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2003.07.011.
Tatarazako N, Oda S, Watanabe H, Morita M, Iguchi T. 2003. Juvenile hormone agonists affect the occurrence of male Daphnia. Chemosphere 53(8):827-833. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00761-6.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US Dept of Health & Human Services. Household Products Database. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: October 11, 2013
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Fang H, Tong WD, Branham WS, Moland CL, Dial SL, Hong HX, Xie Q, Perkins R, Owens W, Sheehan DM. 2003. Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. Chem Res Toxicol 16(10):1338-1358. DOI: 10.1021/tx030011g.
USE REFERENCES
ChemIDPlus Lite. Link
DATE ADDED: January 20, 2017 DATE UPDATED: January 20, 2017
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
Quistad GB, Nomura DK, Sparks SE, Segall Y, Casida JE. 2002. Cannabinoid CB1 receptor as a target for chlorpyrifos oxon and other organophosphorus pesticides. Toxicol Lett 135(1-2):89-93. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(02)00251-5.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US EPA. 2012. Pesticide Reregistration Status for Organophosphates. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: May 5, 2011
ALTERNATIVE NAMES: triphenyltin hydroxide, fentin hydroxide, hydroxytriphenylstannane, fentin hydroxide, triphenylstannanol
CATEGORIES OF USE: Antimicrobial, Food additives and contact material, Household product ingredient, Industrial additive, Personal care product/Cosmetic ingredient, Pesticide ingredient, Plastic/Rubber
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Nakanishi, T., Kohroki, J., Suzuki, S., Ishizaki, J., Hiromori, Y., Takasuga, S., Itoh, N., Watanabe, Y., Utoguchi, N. and Tanaka, K., 2002. Trialkyltin compounds enhance human CG secretion and aromatase activity in human placental choriocarcinoma cells. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 87(6), pp.2830-2837. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.6.8540.
Yamabe Y, Hoshino A, Imura N, Suzuki T, Himeno S. 2000. Enhancement of androgen-dependent transcription and cell proliferation by tributyltin and triphenyltin in human prostate cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 169(2):177-184. DOI: 10.1006/taap.2000.9067.
USE REFERENCES
Groh, K.J., Backhaus, T., Carney-Almroth, B., Geueke, B., Inostroza, P.A., Lennquist, A., Maffini, M., Leslie, H.A., Slunge, D., Trasande, L. and Warhurst, M., 2018. Chemicals associated with plastic packaging: Inventory and hazards. PeerJ Preprints, 6, p.e27036v1. DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.27036v1
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: September 26, 2018
ALTERNATIVE NAME: cyano ( 3-phenoxyphenyl ) methyl 4-chloro-α- ( 1-methylethyl ) benzeneacetate
CATEGORIES OF USE: Medical/Veterinary/Research, Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Du G, Shen O, Sun H, Fei J, Lu C, Song L, Xia Y, Wang S, Wang X. 2010. Assessing hormone receptor activities of pyrethroid insecticides and their metabolites in reporter gene assays. Toxicol Sci 116(1):58-66. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfq120.
Eil C, Nisula BC. 1990. The binding properties of pyrethroids to human skin fibroblast androgen receptors and to sex hormone binding globulin. J Steroid Biochem 35(3/4):409-414. DOI: 10.1016/0022-4731(90)90248-Q.
Garey J, Wolff MS. 1998. Estrogenic and antiprogestagenic activities of pyrethroid insecticides. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 251(3):855-859. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9569.
Go V, Garey J, Wolff MS, Pogo BGT. 1999. Estrogenic potential of certain pyrethroid compounds in the MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cell line. Environ Health Perspect 107(3):173-177. DOI: 10.2307/3434505.
Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K. 2004. Screening for estrogen and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):524-531. Link.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US EPA. 2008. Fenvalerate-Product Cancellation Order. Federal Register 73(132):39294-39296. Link
US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: September 20, 2013
CATEGORY OF USE: Pesticide ingredient
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR REFERENCES
Morisseau C, Merzlikin O, Lin A, He G, Feng W, Padilla I, Denison MS, Pessah IN, Hammock BD. 2009. Toxicology in the fast lane: application of high-throughput bioassays to detect modulation of key enzymes and receptors. Environ Health Perspect 117(12):1867-1872. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.0900834.
Serio R, Long RA, Taylor JE, Tolman RL, Weppelman RM, Olson G. 1984. The antifertility and antiadrenergic actions of thiocarbamate fungicides in laying hens. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 72(2):333-342. DOI: 10.1016/0041-008X(84)90318-1.
USE REFERENCES
Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN). Link
US National Library of Medicine. Haz-Map. Link
DATE ADDED: May 5, 2011 DATE UPDATED: April 27, 2015