The weeks shown in color represent the start and end points of chemical exposure for each study.
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Bisphenol AIncreased body weight at weaning, but not at birth |
Subjects: CF-1 mice Chemical: Bisphenol A Low doses tested: 2.4 μg/kg bw/d Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and fed orally Exposure duration: gestational day 11 – gestational day 17 (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 4 to day 1 of week 9) Age of measurement: from birth to puberty |
Reference Howdeshell KL, vom Saal FS. 2000. Developmental exposure to bisphenol A: Interaction with endogenous estradiol during pregnancy in mice. Am Zool 40(3):429-437. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Bisphenol AIncreased mortality between birth and weaning |
Subjects: CF-1 mice Chemical: Bisphenol A Low doses tested: 2.4 μg/kg bw/d Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and fed orally Exposure duration: gestational day 11 – gestational day 17 (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 4 to day 1 of week 9) Age of measurement: from birth to puberty |
Reference Howdeshell KL, vom Saal FS. 2000. Developmental exposure to bisphenol A: Interaction with endogenous estradiol during pregnancy in mice. Am Zool 40(3):429-437. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Bisphenol ADecreased adult body weight in lower dose group |
Subjects: CF-1 mice Chemical: Bisphenol A Low doses tested: 2 or 20 ng/g bw/d Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and fed through a micropipette Exposure duration: gestational day 11 – gestational day 17 (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 4 to day 1 of week 9) Age of measurement: 6 months of age (adulthood) |
Reference [PubMed Link] vom Saal FS, Cooke PS, Buchanan DL, Palanza P, Thayer KA, Nagel SC, Parmigiani S, Welshons WV. 1998. A physiologically based approach to the study of bisphenol A and other estrogenic chemicals on the size of reproductive organs, daily sperm production, and behavior. Toxicology & Industrial Health 14(1-2):239-260. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Bisphenol ADecreased body weight at lower dose |
Subjects: CF-1 mice Chemical: Bisphenol A Low doses tested: 2 or 20 μg/kg bw/d Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and fed through a micropipette Exposure duration: gestational day 11 – gestational day 17 (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 4 to day 1 of week 9) Age of measurement: 6 months of age (adulthood) |
Reference [PubMed Link] Nagel SC, vom Saal FS, Thayer KA, Dhar MG, Boechler M, Welshons WV. 1997. Relative binding affinity-serum modified access (RBA-SMA) assay predicts the relative in vivo bioactivity of the xenoestrogens bisphenol A and octylphenol. Environ Health Perspect 105(1):70-76. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Bisphenol AIncreased body weight |
Subjects: Long-Evans rats Chemical: Bisphenol A Low doses tested: 2.4 μg/kg bw/d Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 12 – post-natal day 21 (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 4 to beyond birth) Age of measurement: in adulthood (90 days of age) |
Reference [PubMed Link] Akingbemi BT, Sottas CM, Koulova AI, Klinefelter GR, Hardy MP. 2004. Inhibition of testicular steroidogenesis by the xenoestrogen bisphenol A is associated with reduced pituitary luteinizing hormone secretion and decreased steroidogenic enzyme gene expression in rat Leydig cells. Endocrinology 145(2):592-603. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Bisphenol AIncreased terminal body weight in three generations of males |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Bisphenol A Low doses tested: 1.2 or 2.4 μg/kg bw/d Route of administration: delivered via gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 12 – post-natal day 21 (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 4 to beyond birth) Age of measurement: birth through adulthood |
Reference [PubMed Link] Salian S, Doshi T, Vanage G. 2009. Perinatal exposure of rats to Bisphenol A affects the fertility of male offspring. Life Sci 85(21-22):742-752. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Bisphenol AIncreased number of fetal resorptions in three generations of females; decreased number of implantation sites in second and third generations at 2.4 μg/kg; increased post-implantation loss in third generation; increased pre-implantation loss in third generation at 2.4 μg/kg; decreased litter size across three generations |
Subjects: Holtzman rats Chemical: Bisphenol A Low doses tested: 1.2 or 2.4 μg/kg bw/d Route of administration: delivered via gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 12 – post-natal day 21 (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 4 to beyond birth) Age of measurement: birth through adulthood |
Reference [PubMed Link] Salian S, Doshi T, Vanage G. 2009. Perinatal exposure of rats to Bisphenol A affects the fertility of male offspring. Life Sci 85(21-22):742-752. |