The weeks shown in color represent the start and end points of chemical exposure for each study.
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased circulating thyroxine (T4) levels in females at 1.0 μg/kg |
Subjects: Sprague-Dawley rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.25 or 1.0 μg/kg bw/d Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage Exposure duration: gestational day 10 – gestational day 16 (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 3 to day 1 of week 8) Age of measurement: 21 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Seo BW, Li MH, Hansen LG, Moore RW, Peterson RE, Schantz SL. 1995. Effects of gestational and lactational exposure to coplanar polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on thyroid hormone concentrations in weanling rats. Toxicol Lett 78(3):253-262. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Increased frequency of missing third molars; decreased eruption frequency of developed third molars; decreased mesiodistal length of lower first and second molars; increased incidence of erupted lower incisors at 9 through 11 days of age |
Subjects: Line C (highly sensitive to TCDD) rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 11 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 3 to day 1 of week 4) Age of measurement: 40 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Miettinen HM, Alaluusua S, Tuomisto J, Viluksela M. 2002. Effect of in utero and lactational 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure on rat molar development: The role of exposure time. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 184(1):57-66. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased lengths of tibias and femurs; decreased bone mineral density, cross-sectional area of cortex, periosteal circumference, endosteal circumference, and polar cross-sectional moment of inertia of tibias and femurs in line C rats at 1.0 μg/kg |
Subjects: Line A (least sensitive to TCDD), B, and C (most sensitive) rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, or 1.0 μg/kg bw; exposure timing study Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 11 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 3 to day 1 of week 4) Age of measurement: 40 days of age |
Reference [PubMed Link] Miettinen HM, Pulkkinen P, Jamsa T, Koistinen J, Simanainen U, Tuomisto J, Tuukkanen J, Viluksela M. 2005. Effects of in utero and lactational TCDD exposure on bone development in differentially sensitive rat lines. Toxicol Sci 85(2):1003-1012. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased adrenal 3β-HSD1 and decreased SF-1 adrenal mRNA in those treated with 1.0 μg/kg |
Subjects: Sprague Dawley rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.3 or 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and administered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 11 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 3 to day 1 of week 4) Age of measurement: gestational day 19.5 |
Reference [PubMed Link] Adamsson A, Simanainen U, Viluksela M, Paranko J, Toppari J. 2009. The effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on foetal male rat steroidogenesis. Int J Androl 32(5):575-585. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased LH levels in those treated with 1.0 μg/kg |
Subjects: Sprague Dawley rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 0.3 or 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and administered orally Exposure duration: gestational day 11 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 3 to day 1 of week 4) Age of measurement: gestational day 19.5 |
Reference [PubMed Link] Adamsson A, Simanainen U, Viluksela M, Paranko J, Toppari J. 2009. The effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on foetal male rat steroidogenesis. Int J Androl 32(5):575-585. |
| Study Results | Study Details | References |
Results for Dioxin (TCDD)Decreased cortical bone mineral content and maximum force on both post-natal days 35 and 70 with decreased cortical bone mineral density and stiffness on post-natal day 70. Decreases in the following geometric parameters that varied with respect to timepoint measured: tibial length, cortical cross-sectional area, cortical thickness, periosteal circumference, endosteal circumference, cross-sectional inertia, and moment of resistance. |
Subjects: Sprague Dawley rats Chemical: Dioxin (TCDD) Low doses tested: 1.0 μg/kg bw Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and administered intragastrically Exposure duration: gestational day 11 – single dose (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 3 to day 1 of week 4) Age of measurement: post-natal days 35 and 70 |
Reference [PubMed Link] Finnila MA, Zioupos P, Herlin M, Miettinen HM, Simanainen U, Hakansson H, Tuukkanen J, Viluksela M, Jamsa T. 2010. Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure on bone material properties. J Biomech 43(6):1097-1103. |